Effect of biochar on grain yield and leaf photosynthetic physiology of soybean cultivars with different phosphorus efficiencies

doi:10.1016/S2095-3119(19)62563-3

Journal of Integrative Agriculture

2019, Vol. 18

Issue (10): 2242-2254 DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(19)62563-3

Crop Science

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Effect of biochar on grain yield and leaf photosynthetic physiology of soybean cultivars with different phosphorus efficiencies

ZHU Qian, KONG Ling-jian, SHAN Yu-zi, YAO Xing-dong, ZHANG Hui-jun, XIE Fu-ti, AO Xue

Soybean Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, P.R.China

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Abstract

This study was conducted with two soybean cultivars, Liaodou 13 (L13, phosphorus (P)-efficient) and Tiefeng 3 (T3, P-inefficient), to investigate the effects of biochar on soybean yield and photosynthetic physiological parameters, at four biochar application rates (0, 1, 5, and 10%, w/w), and two fertilization treatments (0 and 150 kg ha^–1). Grain yield, plant biomass, P accumulation, leaf net photosynthetic rate (P_n), chlorophyll index (Chl), nitrogen balance index (NBI), sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), and sucrose synthase (SS) activities, soluble sugar, sucrose and starch contents, and leaf area duration (LAD) were measured. Biochar had positive effects on P_n, Chl, NBI, SPS, and SS activities, and leaf soluble sugar, sucrose, and starch contents of both genotypes, these effects increased with biochar application rate. L13 benefited more efficiently from biochar than T3 did, as the grain yield of L13 significantly increased by 31.0 and 51.0%, at 5 and 10% biochar, respectively, while that of T3 increased by 40.4 at 10% biochar application rate, as compared with controls. The combined application of biochar and fertilizer boosted the positive effects described, but no difference was found for grain yield in L13 among biochar application rates, while grain yield of T3 continually increased with biochar rate, among which, 1% biochar combined with 150 kg ha^–1 fertilizer resulted in T3 yield increment of more than 23%, compared with the application of 150 kg ha^–1 fertilizer alone. Altogether, our results indicated that the application of biochar enhanced carbon assimilation in soybean, resulting in increased biomass accumulation and yield. Differences in genotypic responses to biochar highlight the need to consider specific cultivars and biochar rate, when evaluating the potential responses of crops to biochar.

Keywords: biochar P efficiency photosynthesis soybean yield

Received: 08 June 2018 Accepted:

Fund: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31271643), the Program for Liaoning Excellent Talents in University, China (LJQ2015097), the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province, China (20170540809), and the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFD0101306-04).

Corresponding Authors: Correspondence AO Xue, Tel: +86-24-88487135, E-mail: a2009syau@syau.edu.cn; XIE Fu-ti, Tel: +86-24-88487135, E-mail: xft299@syau.edu.cn

About author: ZHU Qian, E-mail: 489407938@qq.com;

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ZHU Qian, KONG Ling-jian, SHAN Yu-zi, YAO Xing-dong, ZHANG Hui-jun, XIE Fu-ti, AO Xue. 2019. Effect of biochar on grain yield and leaf photosynthetic physiology of soybean cultivars with different phosphorus efficiencies. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 18(10): 2242-2254.

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