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Journal of Integrative Agriculture  2022, Vol. 21 Issue (10): 2943-2956    DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.07.042
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Dispersal routes of Cercospora zeina causing maize gray leaf spot in China
DUAN Can-xing1*, ZHAO Li-ping1*, WANG Jie2, LIU Qing-kui1, YANG Zhi-huan1, WANG Xiao-ming1
1 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100081, P.R.China
2 Department of Biological Center, Harbin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150028, P.R.China
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摘要  【目的】明确引起我国西南地区玉米灰斑病的致病菌玉米尾孢(Cercospora zeina)在中国的分布区域以及扩散路径,预测病害未来可能的扩展区域,为有针对性开展灰斑病的早防早控工作、保护玉米安全生产提供重要信息。【方法】利用NTSYSpc、Popgene 32、ClustalX1.83、BioEdit、DnaSP 5.0、Network4.5.0.2和Arlequin 3.11等软件,对127个采自中国云南、四川、贵州、湖北、重庆、甘肃、陕西和重庆的C. zeina分离物进行了基于ISSR技术的群体遗传多样性分析,对其中108个进行了基于5个基因片段的多基因序列分析。【结果】群体遗传多样性分析表明,中国的C. zeina种群具有较高水平的遗传分化,127个分离物被划分为2个大群和8个亚群。各地理种群内的遗传分化是种群结构变异的主要因素,地理种群间的遗传相似性与病菌扩展时间及方向一致。多基因序列分析表明,中国C. zeina种群存在9种单倍型,单倍型的分布与病菌传播路线相关,病菌定殖最早的云南种群出现了群体扩张事件。群体遗传多样性与多基因序列分析证明,C. zeina云南种群具有最高的遗传多样性和单倍型多样性,其他地理种群均源自云南种群的扩散。在印度洋西南季风作用下,云南C. zeina种群逐渐扩展至四川、贵州、陕西、甘肃和重庆,同时经过种子携带方式从云南直接进入湖北,并在风力作用下从湖北传入陕西、河南及相邻的重庆。【结论】首次明确了玉米灰斑病致病菌玉米尾孢的遗传变异及其在中国的传播和扩散路径,夏季季风以及种子带菌是该种灰斑病快速传播的主要因素;预计未来玉米尾孢灰斑病将在季风作用下继续缓慢向北方玉米区扩散,形成新的重大病害威胁。

Abstract  

The gray leaf spot caused by Cercospora zeina has become a serious disease in maize in China.  The isolates of C. zeina from Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Hubei, Chongqing, Gansu, and Shaanxi were collected.  From those, 127 samples were used for genetic diversity analysis based on inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and 108 samples were used for multi-gene sequence analysis based on five gene fragments.  The results indicated that populations of C. zeina were differentiated with a relatively high genetic level and were classified into two major groups and seven subgroups.  The intra-population genetic differentiation of C. zeina is the leading cause of population variation in China, and inter-population genetic similarity is closely related to the colonization time and spread direction.  The multi-gene sequence analysis of C. zeina isolates demonstrated that there were nine haplotypes.  Genetic diversity and multi-gene sequence revealed that Yunnan population of C. zeina, the earliest colonizing in China, had the highest genetic and haplotype diversity and had experienced an expansion event.  With the influence of the southwest monsoon in the Indian Ocean, C. zeina from Yunnan gradually moved to Sichuan, Guizhou, Shaanxi, Gansu, and Chongqing.  Meanwhile, C. zeina was transferred directly from the Yunnan into the Hubei Province via seed and then came into Shaanxi, Henan, and Chongqing along with the wind from Hubei.

Keywords:  Maize        gray leaf spot        Cercospora zeina        population        disperse routes  
Received: 11 August 2021   Accepted: 13 September 2021
Fund: This work was supported by the China Agriculture Research System from MOAR and MOF (CARS-02) and the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS-ASTIP-2017-ICS).
About author:  DUAN Can-xing, E-mail: duancanxing@caas.cn; ZHAO Li-ping, E-mail: 1096205891@qq.com; Correspondence WANG Xiao-ming, Tel/Fax: +86-10-82109608, E-mail: wangxiaoming@caas.cn * These authors contributed equally to this study.

Cite this article: 

DUAN Can-xing, ZHAO Li-ping, WANG Jie, LIU Qing-kui, YANG Zhi-huan, WANG Xiao-ming. 2022. Dispersal routes of Cercospora zeina causing maize gray leaf spot in China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 21(10): 2943-2956.

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