Burtet L M, Bernardi O, Melo A A, Pes M P, Strahl T T, Guedes J V. 2017. Managing fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), with Bt maize and insecticides in southern Brazil. Pest Management Science, 73, 2569–2577.
CABI (Center for Agriculture and Bioscience International). 2018. CABI warns of rapid spread of crop-devastating fall armyworm across Asia. [2018-08-02]. https://www.cabi.org/news-and-media/2018/cabi-warns-of-rapid-spread-of-crop-devastating-fall-armyworm-across-asia/
Cañas-Hoyos N, Marquez E J, Saldamando-Benjumea C I. 2016. Heritability of wing size and shape of the rice and corn strains of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Neotropical Entomology, 45, 411–419.
Carvalho R A, Omoto C, Field L M, Williamson M S, Bass C. 2013. Investigating the molecular mechanisms of organophosphate and pyrethroid resistance in the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda. PLoS ONE, 8, e62268.
Chandrasena D I, Signorini A M, Abratti G, Storer N P, Olaciregui M L, Alves A P, Pilcher C D. 2018. Characterization of field-evolved resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis-derived Cry1F δ-endotoxin in Spodoptera frugiperda populations from Argentina. Pest Management Science, 74, 746–754.
Chen H, Wu M F, Liu J, Chen A D, Jiang Y Y, Hu G. 2020. Migratory routes and occurrence divisions of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda in China. Journal of Plant Protection, 47, 747–757. (in Chinese)
Chen W B, Li Y Y, Wang M Q, Liu C X, Mao J J, Chen H Y, Zhang L S. 2019. Entomopathogen resources of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda, and their application station. Plant Protection, 45, 1–9. (in Chinese)
Chormule A, Shejawal N, Sharanabasappa, Kalleshwaraswamy C M, Asokan R, Mahadeva Swamy H M. 2019. First report of the fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) on sugarcane and other crops from Maharashtra, India. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 7, 114–117.
Diez-Rodrigues G I, Omoto C. 2001. Inheritance of lambda-cyhalothrin resistance in Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Neotropical Entomology, 30, 311–316.
Fatoretto J C, Michel A P, Silva Filho M C, Silva N. 2017. Adaptive potential of fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) limits Bt trait durability in Brazil. Journal of Integrated Pest Management, 8, 1–10
Ge S S, He L M, He W, Xu R B, Sun X T, Wu K M. 2019. Determination on moth flight capacity of Spodoptera frugiperda. Plant Protection, 45, 28–33. (in Chinese)
Ge S S, He L M, He W, Yan R, Wyckhuys K A G, Wu K M. 2021a. Laboratory-based flight performance of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 20, 707–714.
Ge S S, He W, He L M, Yan R, Zhang H W, Wu K M. 2021b. Flight activity promotes reproductive processes in the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 20, 727–735.
Goergen G, Kumar P L, Sankung S B, Togola A, Tamo M. 2016. First report of outbreaks of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), a new alien invasive pest in West and Central Africa. PLoS ONE, 11, e0165632.
Guan F, Zhang J P, Shen H W, Wang X L, Padovan A, Walsh T K, Tay W T, Gordon Karl H J, James W, Czepak C, Otim M H, Kachigamba D, Wu Y D. 2020. Whole-genome sequencing to detect mutations associated with resistance to insecticides and Bt proteins in Spodoptera frugiperda. Insect Science, 19, 2–12. 
He L M, Jiang S, Chen Y C, Wyckhuys K A G, Ge S S, He W, Wu K M. 2021a. Adult nutrition affects reproduction and ?ight performance of the invasive fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda in China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 20, 715–726.
He L M, Wang T L, Chen Y C, Ge S S, Wyckhuys K A G, Wu K M. 2021b. Larval diet affects development and reproduction of East Asian strain of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 20, 736–744.
He L M, Wu Q L, Gao X W, Wu K M. 2021c. Population life tables for the invasive fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda fed on major oil crops planted in China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 20, 745–754.
He L M, Zhao S Y, Gao X W, Wu K M. 2021d. Ovipositional responses of Spodoptera frugiperda on host plants provide a basis for using Bt-transgenic maize as trap crop in China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 20, 804–814.
He L M, Zhao S Y, Wu K M. 2020. Study on the damage of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda to peanut. Plant Protection, 46, 28–33. (in Chinese)
He W, Zhao S Y, Ge S S, Jiang Y Y, Zhao X C, Wu K M. 2019. Population prediction method using sexual trapping for Spodoptera frugiperda. Plant Protection, 45, 48–53, 115. (in Chinese)
Huang F N. 2020. Resistance of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, to transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1F corn in the Americas: Lessons and implications for Bt corn IRM in China. Insect Science, doi: 10.1111/1744–7917.12826.
Huang F N, Andow D A, Buschman L L. 2011. Success of the high-dose/refuge resistance management strategy after 15 years of Bt crop use in North America. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 140, 1–16.
Jia H R, Guo J L, Wu Q L, Hu C X, Li X K, Zhou X Y, Wu K M. 2021. Migration of invasive Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) across the Bohai Sea in northern China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 20, 685–693.
Jiang X F, Luo L Z, Zhang L, Sappington T W, Hu Y. 2011. Regulation of migration in Mythimna separata (Walker) in China: A review integrating environmental, physiological, hormonal, genetic, and molecular factors. Environmental Entomology, 40, 516–533.
Jiang Y Y, Liu J, Ciren Z G, Zeng J. 2019a. Investigation on winter breeding and overwintering areas of Spodoptera frugiperda in China. Plant Protection, doi: 10.16688/j.zwbh.2020432. (in Chinese)
Jiang Y Y, Liu J, Xie M C, Li Y H, Yang J J, Zhang M L, Qiu K. 2019b. Observation on law of diffusion damage of Spodoptera frugiperda in China in 2019. Plant Protection, 45, 10–19. (in Chinese)
Jones C M, Parry H, Tay W T, Reynolds D R, Chapman J W. 2018. Movement ecology of pest Helicoverpa: lmplications for ongoing spread. Annual Review of Entomology, 64, 16.1–16.19.
Juárez L M, Murúa M G, García M G, Ontivero M, Vera T, Vilardi J C, Groot A T, Castagnaro A P, Gastaminza G, Willink E. 2012. Host association of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) corn and rice strains in Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay. Journal of Economic Entomology, 105, 573–582.
Li A M, Tan H W, Wei J L,Shang X K, Huang D L, He W Z. 2020. Advances in outbreak and control of fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda on sugarcane. Journal of Plant Protection, 47, 735–739. (in Chinese)
Li X J, Wu M F, Ma J, Gao B Y, Wu Q L, Chen A D, Liu J, Jian Y Y, Zhai B P, Early R, Chapman J W, Hu G. 2020.Prediction of migratory routes of the invasive fall armyworm in eastern China using a trajectory analytical approach. Pest Management Science, 76, 454–463.
Liu B, Huang B, Zhao J, Huang J R, Zhao W X, Lv G Q, Li G P, Feng H Q. 2020. Occurrence of Spodoptera frugiperda in Xinxiang City, Henan Province in autumn 2019. Plant Protection, 46, 181–185. (in Chinese)
Ma J, Wang Y P, Wu M F, Gao B Y, Liu J, Lee G S, Otuka A, Hu G. 2019. High risk of the fall armyworm invading Japan and the Korean Peninsula via overseas migration. Journal of Applied Entomology, 143, 911–920.
MARA (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, China). 2019a. Central finance arranged RMB 500 million Agricultural Production and Disaster Relief Fund urgently for supporting local organizations in the prevention and control of fall armyworm. [2019-06-06]. http://www.moa.gov.cn/xw/zwdt/201906/t20190606_6316335.htm (in Chinese)
MARA. 2019b. Liaoning Province arranges prevention and control work on fall armyworm. [2019-06-20]. http://www.moa.gov.cn/xw/qg/201906/t20190625_6319267.htm (in Chinese)
MARA. 2019c. MARA arranged the prevention and control work of fall armyworm comprehensively. [2019-05-24]. http://www.moa.gov.cn/xw/zwdt/201905/t20190524_6315365.htm (in Chinese)
MARA. 2019d. MARA on the issuance of the “National plan for the prevention and control of fall armyworm”. [2019-06-21]. http://www.moa.gov.cn/govpublic/ZZYGLS/201906/t20190628_6319824.htm (in Chinese)
MARA. 2019e. MARA takes strict precautions against the spread of fall armyworm. [2019-04-24]. http://www.moa.gov.cn/xw/zwdt/201904/t20190424_6212696.htm (in Chinese)
MARA. 2019f. Urgent notice of the MARA on strengthening the monitoring and control of fall armyworm. [2019-07-31]. http://www.moa.gov.cn/xw/zwdt/201904/t20190424_6212696.htm (in Chinese)
MARA. 2019g. Zhejiang Province carries out a comprehensive action on prevention of diseases and insects to ensure the harvest. [2019-07-24]. http://www.moa.gov.cn/xw/qg/201907/t20190724_6321550.htm (in Chinese)
MARA. 2020. MARA on the issuance of the “2020 national plan for the prevention and control of fall armyworm”. [2020-02-21]. http://www.moa.gov.cn/xw/bmdt/202002/t20200221_6337551.htm (in Chinese)
Meagher R L, Nagoshi R N, Stuhl C J. 2011. Oviposition choice of two fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) host strains. Journal of Insect Behavior, 24, 337–347.
Montezano D G, Specht A, Sosa-Gomez D R, Roque-Specht V F, Sousa-Silva J C, Paula-Moraes S V, Peterson J A, Hunt T E. 2018. Host plants of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the Americas. African Entomology, 26, 286–300.
MOST (Ministry of Science and Technology, China). 2019. Management agricultural pests the MOST published research projects of key techniques of prevention and control on fall armyworm. [2019-10-15]. https://www.zhaowoce.com/news/5858.html (in Chinese)
Nagoshi R N, Dhanani I, Asokan R, Mahadevaswamy H M, Kalleshwaraswamy C M, Sharanabasappa, Meagher R L. 2019. Genetic characterization of fall armyworm infesting South Africa and India indicate recent introduction from a common source population. PLoS ONE, 14, e0217755.
NATESC (National Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center, China). 2019. Notice of the NATESC on the scientific use of the emergency insecticides on prevention and control of the fall armyworm. [2019-07-26]. https://www.natesc.org.cn/News/des?id=536b75dc-c85c-4be1-9257-89d0bdaa352d&kind=ZTZL&Category=%E4%B8%93%E9%A2%98%E4%B8%93%E6%A0%8F&CategoryId=a3e9dd45-c2f9-43d7-9278-560d73ed7f2 (in Chinese)
Omoto C, Bernardi O, Salmeron E, Sorgatto R J, Dourado P M, Crivellari A, Carvalho R A, Willse A, Martinelli S, Head G P. 2016. Field-evolved resistance to Cry1Ab maize by Spodoptera frugiperda in Brazil. Pest Management Science, 72, 1727–1736.
Pashley D P, Hammond A M, Hardy T N. 1992. Reproductive isolating mechanisms in fall armyworm host strains (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Annals of Entomological Society of America, 85, 400–405.
Prasanna B M, Huesing J E, Eddy R, Peschke V M. 2018. Fall Armyworm in Africa: A Guide for Integrated Pest Management, 1st ed. CDMX: CIMMYT, Mexico.
Quisenberry S S. 1991. Fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) host strain reproductive compatibility. Florida Entomologist, 74, 194–199.
Ríos-Díez J D, Saldamando-Benjumea C I. 2011. Susceptibility of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) strains from central Colombia to two insecticides, methomyl and lambda-cyhalothrin: A study of the genetic basis of resistance. Journal of Economic Entomology, 104, 1698–1705.
Sharanabasappa, Kalleshwaraswamy C M, Asokan R, Swamy H M, Maruthi M S, Pavithra H B, Hegde K, Navi S, Prabhu S T, Goergen G. 2018. First report of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), an alien invasive pest on maize in India. Pest Management in Horticultural Ecosystems, 24, 23–29.
Sparks A N. 1979. A review of the biology of the fall armyworm. The Florida Entomologist, 62, 82–87.
Storer N P, Babcock J M, Schlenz M, Meade T, Thompson G D, Bing J W, Huckaba R M. 2010. Discovery and characterization of field resistance to Bt maize: Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Puerto Rico. Journal of Economic Entomology, 103, 1031–1038.
Sun X L, Chen C C, Li N, Liu F J, Dong Y N, Qian X N, Xing Y X, Liu M M, Li X W. 2020. The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda may transfer to damage tea plant (Camellia sinesis). Journal of Tea Protection, 40, 105–112. (in Chinese)
Sun X X, Hu C X, Jia H R, Wu Q L, Shen X J, Zhao S Y, Jiang Y Y, Wu K M. 2021. Case study on the first immigration of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda invading into China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 20, 664–672.
Sun X X, Zhao S Y, Jin M H, Zhao H Y, Li G P, Zhang H W, Jiang Y Y, Yang X M, Wu K M. 2020. Larval spatial distribution pattern and sampling technique of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda in maize fields. Plant Protection, 45, 13–18. (in Chinese)
Tang P, Wang Z Z, Wu Q, Liu Y Q, Shi M, Huang J H, Chen X X. 2019. The natural enemies of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda and their application in biological control programs. Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, 56, 370–381. (in Chinese)
Tang Y, Guo J F, Tai H K, He K L, Wang Q Y, Wang Z Y. 2020. Fitness of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, reared on three triticeae crops. Plant Protection, 46, 77–83. (in Chinese)
Whitford F, Quisenberry S S, Riley T J, Lee J W. 1988. Oviposition preference, mating compatibility, and development of two fall armyworm strains. Florida Entomologist, 71, 234–243.
Wu K M. 2020. Management strategies of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in China. Plant Protection, 46, 1–5. (in Chinese)
Wu K M, Guo Y Y. 2007. Geotype differentiation and regional migratory regularity of Helicoverpa armigera in China. Plant Protection, 33, 6–11. (in Chinese)
Wu K M, Yang X M, Zhao S Y, Wu Q L, He L M, Zhao H W. 2020. Training Manual on Fall Armyworm. China Agricultural Science and Technology Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
Wu Q L, Jiang Y Y, Hu G, Wu K M. 2019a. Analysis of migration routes of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) from Myanmar to China. Plant Protection, 45, 1–6. (in Chinese)
Wu Q L, Jiang Y Y, Hu G, Wu K M. 2019b. Analysis on spring and summer migration routes of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) from tropical and southern subtropical zones of China. Plant Protection, 45, 1–9. (in Chinese)
Wu Q L, Shen X J, He L M, Jiang Y Y, Liu J, Hu G, Wu K M. 2021. Windborne migration routes of newly-emerged fall armyworm from Qinling Mountain–Huaihe River region, China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 20, 694–706.
Xu P J, Zhang D D, Wu J, Wu K M, Wang X W, Wang X F, Ren G W. 2019. The host preference of Spodoptera frugiperda on maize and tobacco. Plant Protection, 45, 61–64, 90. (in Chinese)
Yang P Y, Zhu X M, Guo J F, Wang Z Y. 2019. Strategy and advice for managing the fall armyworm in China. Plant Protection, 45, 1–6. (in Chinese)
Yang X M, Song Y F, Sun X X, Shen X J, Wu Q L, Zhang H W, Zhang D D, Zhao S Y, Liang G M, Wu K M. 2021. Population occurrence of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), in the winter season of China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 20, 772–782.
Yang X M, Sun X X, Zhao S Y, Li J Y, Chi X C, Jiang Y Y, Wu K M. 2020a. Population occurrence, spatial distribution and sampling technique of fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda in wheat fields. Plant Protection, 46, 10–16. (in Chinese)
Yang X M, Zhao S Y, Jiang Y Y, Wu K M. 2020b. Population occurrence and sampling technique of fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda in barley field. Plant Protection, 46, 18–23. (in Chinese)
Yao L, Fang M, Li X M, Li G T, Tang Q F. 2020. Oviposition and feeding selectivity of Spodoptera frugiperda to three weeds. Plant Protection, 46, 181–184. (in Chinese)
Zhang D D, Wu K M. 2019. The bioassay of Chinese domestic Bt-Cry1Ab and Bt-(Cry1Ab+Vip3Aa) maize against the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. Plant Protection, 45, 54–60. (in Chinese)
Zhang L, Liu B, Jiang Y Y, Liu J, Wu K M, Xiao Y T. 2019. Molecular characterization analysis of fall armyworm populations in China. Plant Protection, 45, 20–27. (in Chinese)
Zhang L, Liu B, Zheng W G, Liu C H, Zhang D D, Zhao S Y, Li Z Y, Xu P J, Wilson K, Withers A, Jones C M, Smith J A, Chipabika G, Kachigamba D L, Nam K, d’Alencon E, Liu B, Liang X Y, Jin M H, Wu C, et al. 2020. Genetic structure and insecticide resistance characteristics of fall armyworm populations invading China. Molecular Ecology Resources, 20, 1682–1696.
Zhang Y H, Zhang Z, Liu J, Jiang Y Y, Li X R, Ba T X, Chen Z Y, Lin P J, Huang H J. 2020. Oviposition and feeding preference of Spodoptera frugiperda to gramineous weeds. Plant Protection, doi: 10.16688/j.zwbh.2020359. (in Chinese) 
Zhang Z, Lin P J, Chen Z Y, Ba T X, Jiang Y Y, Mu C Q, Guo S C, Wang S L, Lu R G, Qi J F, Zhang Y H. 2020. Observation on the damage characteristics of Spodoptera frugiperda to wheat in middle and late stages. Plant Protection, doi: 10.16688/j.zwbh.2020348. (in Chinese)
Zhao M, Yang J G, Wang Z Y, Zhu J S, Jiang Y Y, Xu Z C, Zhu P, Wang Z H, Yu Y, Men X Y, Li L L. 2019. Spodoptera frugiperda were found damaging potato in Shandong province. Plant Protection, 45, 84–86, 97. (in Chinese)
Zhao S Y, Yang X M, He W, Zhang H W, Jiang Y Y, Wu K M. 2019. Ovarian development gradation and reproduction potential prediction in Spodoptera frugiperda. Plant Protection, 45, 28–34. (in Chinese)
Zhao X Q, Chen F S, Yin Y Q, Zhang H M, Li X Y, Dai J H, Wang G B, Li Y C, Shen A D. 2020. Occurrence and damage characteristics of Spodoptera frugiperda on highland barley, oat and prosomillet in Yuanmou county, Yunnan Province. Plant Protection, 46, 216–221. (in Chinese)
Zhou X Y, Wu Q L, Jia H R, Wu K M. 2021. Searchlight trapping reveals cross-ocean migration of fall armyworm in the region of South China Sea. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 20, 673–684.
Zhou Y, Zhang H W, Wu K M. 2020. Frequency of migration of agricultural pests across the Bohai Sea in northern China and a control strategy for these species. Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, 57, 233–243. (in Chinese)