Table of Content

10 December 2006, Volume 39 Issue 12

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CROP GENETICS & BREEDING·GERMPLASM RESOURCES

Studies on Overwintered Character of Axillary Buds of glutinous 89-1

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Scientia Agricultura Sinica. 2006, 39(12):  2399-2405 . 

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Abstract It was analyzed that overwintered character of axillary buds of glutinous rice 89-1 in different altitudes, heritabilities on overwintered character of glutinous rice 89-1 in four different hybrid combination, heritabilities and variation of main agricultural trait in F2 populations of Glutinou89-1/MingHui63 in three different seasons.The results showed that glutinous rice 89-1 could overwinter by axillary buds in low temperature .Grain yields of main and overwintered ratoon season were very close. Heritabilities on overwintered character of glutinou89-1were very diversity in different hybrid combinations. Glutinou89-1/HongMangNuo and Glutinou89-1/FuHui838 were high. Glutinou89-1/MingHui63 and Glutinou89-1/Ce64 were low .Heritabilities of plant height and 1000-grain weights were relatively high,and highest in main crop ,but lowest in overwintered ratoon crop. Heritabilities of grains/panicle and seed set rate were highest in ratoon crop.Averages of Grains/panicle,1000-grain weights,plant height and panicle length in F2 populations of glutinou89-1/MingHui63 were close to F1.They all were nearly normal distribution. Genetic selection did not exist from F1 to F2 progeny.Amount range and coefficient of variation of seed set rate were most in main and overwintered ratoon crop,least in ratoon crop.But average seed set rate of ratoon crop was more . All average seed set rate of three crop were higher with F1 . Seed set rate was bimodal distribution .Genetic selection did exist from F1 to F2 progeny. Selection consequence always was propitious to high seed set rate.

High-molecular-weight Glutenin Subunit Compositions of Chinese Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Germplasms

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Scientia Agricultura Sinica. 2006, 39(12):  2406-2415 . 

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Variation in the electrophoretic banding patterns of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) of 186 common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasms that originated from China was examined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in order to improve the effective utilization of these germplasms. The bread-making quality score of each genotype was calculated. The high level of genetic variation at Glu-1 locus was observed. Seventeen major glutenin HMW-GS were detected and 30 HMW-GS compositions were observed. The percentage of cultivars with more than two subunits related to good quality were 38.7% among 186 wheat lines. There were 13 lines with bread-making quality scores of 10 in combination with one or two good agronomical traits, such as high-yield, dwarfing, resistance to diseases and/or tolerant abiotic stress. These new germplasms can be the important resources for improvment bread making quality.

Establishing the Score System of HMW-GS on Hand-extended Noodle Score Indexes in Wheat

Scientia Agricultura Sinica. 2006, 39(12):  2415-2421 . 

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As the shortage of the score system of HMW-GS formerly, 100 spring wheat varieties were selected to study the relationship between HMW-GS and hand-extended noodle score indexes in wheat by quantity theory and statistics estimation. Eight multiple regression equations could be used to forecast the eight hand-extended noodle score indexes, because the determination coefficient were all upwards of 0.98. The score system of HMW-GS on hand-extended noodle score indexes was established in wheat. The HMW-GS 1, 2*, 17+18, 5+10 and 10 were good quality subunits for hand-extended noodle, HMW-GS 5+10 could improve all of the hand-extended noodle score indexes, HMW-GS 1 could improve the color of hand-extended noodle. The role of HMW-GS 17+18 was as most same as HMW-GS 5+10. So, noodle wheat should possess the HMW-GS 1, 17+18 and 5+10. HMW-GS 2+10, 2+11 and 2+12 were the worst subunits for hand-extended noodle.