Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (10): 2109-2122.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.10.004

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY·AGRICULTURE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Progress and Prospects of Crop Cultivation and Farming System in China

ZENG ZhaoHai1,2(), ZHOU WenBin3, CHAI Qiang4, SUN ZhanXiang5, ZHANG JiWang6   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-Breeding, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193
    2 Key Laboratory of Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193
    3 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081
    4 College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070
    5 Tillage and Cultivation Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161
    6 Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong
  • Received:2025-10-10 Accepted:2026-03-31 Online:2026-05-16 Published:2026-05-20

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Abstract:

Global population growth and rising incomes are driving sustained increases in food demand, while climate change and resource constraints impose severe challenges on production capacity. As a core discipline of agricultural science, “crop cultivation and farming system” develops theories, technologies, and patterns that not only significantly increase yields, but also improve resource use efficiency, and promote sustainable agriculture, playing a pivotal role in balancing food security with ecological protection. This study synthesizes the system’s conceptual foundations, theoretical framework, and the evolutionary trajectory of its technical structure. It highlights major contributions to securing national food supplies, increasing yield potential, improving product quality and nutrition, stimulating varietal innovation, and promoting sustainable agricultural development. The system’s development is hindered by insufficient long-term institutional support, evaluation regimes that dilute disciplinary influence, acute talent shortages, underexploited distinctive strengths, low visibility of technological advances, and limited integration with frontier technologies. In response to climate change, China has opened unprecedented opportunities for the discipline by expanding grain capacity by more than 50 million metric tons, upgrading agricultural socialized service systems, and catalyzing cross-disciplinary innovation. To capitalize on these opportunities, a “Five-sphere Integrated Plan” development pathway is proposed: (1) Strengthen basic research via long-term, networked field observatories; (2) Integrate theory and technology to enrich disciplinary content; (3) Tackle mission-critical technologies aligned with national strategies; (4) Accelerate translation through productization and scaling to expand impact; (5) Build a sustainable talent-training system. This framework provides strategic guidance for the transformation and advancement of the crop cultivation and farming system.

Key words: crop cultivation and farming system, disciplinary development, food security, eco-efficiency, smart agriculture

Fig. 1

Framework diagram of core research content in crop cultivation and farming systems discipline"

Fig. 2

Technological transition features and trends in crop cultivation and farming systems discipline"

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