基于DNDC和NSGA-Ⅲ耦合模型的旱地春小麦稳产减排多目标优化

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.13.004

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 In response to growing food demand and ecological sustainability requirements, this study explored the comprehensive impact of integrated irrigation and fertilization management on spring wheat yield, soil CO₂ and N₂O emissions fluxes in arid areas of Northwest China, with the aim of identifying optimal irrigation and fertilization strategies to achieve coordinated development of agricultural production and environmental benefits. 【Method】 Based on the DNDC agricultural ecosystem simulation model, using field trial data from Anjiapo Village, Fengxiang Town, Dingxi City, Gansu Province, from 2021 to 2023, the model was calibrated and validated. Different fertilization levels (0-400 kg·hm^-2) and irrigation levels (0-300 mm). The model simulates the response patterns of wheat growth dynamics and soil greenhouse gas (CO₂ and N₂O) emission fluxes under different irrigation and fertilization management measures. Combining the NSGA-III multi-objective optimization algorithm, a multi-objective optimization framework was established with three objective functions: “maximizing crop yield”, “minimizing soil CO₂ emissions flux”, and “minimizing soil N₂O emissions flux” as the three objective functions, achieving synergistic optimization between wheat yield enhancement and soil greenhouse gas emission reduction, and determining the optimal management scheme that balances yield and environmental benefits. 【Result】 The DNDC model effectively simulates spring wheat yield and soil greenhouse gas emission fluxes. Under four fertilization gradient treatments, the normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) for yield, soil CO₂ emissions, and N₂O emissions over three years was 17.4%-18.8%, 7.62%-11.41%, and 9.19%-12.47%, respectively. Under two irrigation treatments, the normalized root mean square error NRMSE for yield over three years was 13.3%-17.2%. The optimized irrigation and fertilization rates indicate that when fertilization is controlled at 150-180 kg·hm^-2 and irrigation volume is 110-150 mm, wheat yield can be increased to 2 088.48 kg·hm^-2, while soil CO₂ emissions flux is controlled at 4 998.87-5 011.5 kg·hm^-2 per year, and soil N₂O emission flux is controlled at 4.06-4.14 kg·hm^-2 per year. 【Conclusion】 Coupling the DNDC model with the NSGA-III algorithm enables the simultaneous optimization of spring wheat yield and soil greenhouse gas emissions fluxes in dryland areas. When the irrigation amount is set between 110-150 mm and nitrogen application rate between 150-180 kg·hm^-2, it is possible to maintain stable yields while effectively controlling soil CO₂ and N₂O emission fluxes. This provides a scientific basis for achieving both yield stability and emission reduction in dryland spring wheat systems in central Gansu.

Key words: spring wheat, yield, DNDC model, NSGA-Ⅲ, greenhouse gas emissions, multi-objective optimization algorithm

CAO JingWen, NIE ZhiGang, LI Guang, YANG Jie. Multi-Objective Optimization of Stable Yield and Emission Reduction of Dryland Spring Wheat Based on DNDC and NSGA-Ⅲ. Coupling Model[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(13): 2538-2551.

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参数种类 Parameter type	参数名称 Parameter name	取值 Value
气候参数 Climate parameter	纬度 Latitude	35.58
	降水中的N浓度 N concentration in rainfall	1 (mg N·ppm^-1)
	空气中CO₂浓度 Carbon dioxide concentration in the air	400 (ppm)
土壤参数 Soil parameter	土壤质地 Texture	粉质壤土 Silt loam
	容重 Soil bulk density	1.27 (g·cm^-3)
	田间持水量 Field capacity	0.35 (%)
	萎蔫点 Wilting point	0.25 (%)
	黏粒含量 Clay content	0.14 (%)
	孔隙度 Porosity	0.485 (%)
	pH	8.36
作物参数 Crop parameter	生物量比例 Biomass fraction	0.41/0.11/0.29/0.19
	生物量碳氮比 Biomass carbon to nitrogen ratio	40/90/90/65
	对氮素需求量 Demand for nitrogen	129.45 (kg·hm^-2)
	生长积温 Accumulated temperature of growth	2700 (℃)
	最适温度 Optimum temperature	22 (℃)

Multi-Objective Optimization of Stable Yield and Emission Reduction of Dryland Spring Wheat Based on DNDC and NSGA-Ⅲ. Coupling Model

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