大麦黄条点花叶病毒致病性及流行风险

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.23.009

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 Barley yellow striate mosaic virus (BYSMV) is widely distributed in wheat producing areas of northern China. In order to evaluate the epidemic risk of the disease and provide a theoretical foundation for formulating strategies in prevention and control, the pathogenicity to gramineous crops was determined and its natural hosts were also identified.【Method】 The virus was inoculated on 151 varieties of Triticum aestivum, Zea mays, Setaria italica, Sorghum bicolor, Avena sativa, and Hordeum vulgare by planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus) carrying BYSMV, and the uninoculated materials as control. The latent period and symptom progression of the virus on different hosts were observed and analyzed. After 30 d of inoculation, one-step RT-PCR was used to detect the infection of the virus. The pathogenicity of BYSMV to main hosts was analyzed by biological and molecular biological detection. A total of 580 suspected virus-infected samples were collected from gramineous crops growing area in Hebei Province, and BYSMV was detected using one-step RT-PCR to assess the risk of BYSMV epidemic in the field.【Result】 After 9-10 d of inoculation with the virus, the leaves of T. aestivum, S. italica, H. vulgare and A. sativa showed chlorotic stripes, and the plants grew slowly and were seriously dwarfed. All tested varieties of these crops were susceptible to infection. The incidence of tested T. aestivum, S. italica, A. sativa and H. vulgare varieties was 60.00%-100%, 18.18%-100%, 55.56%-100% and 100%, respectively. Yellow stripes and mild dwarfing symptoms could be observed after 15-17 d of virus inoculation on some Z. mays var. saccharata and S. bicolor. Among the tested Z. mays var. saccharata varieties, three varieties showed typical symptoms of BYSMV inoculation and the incidence was 14.29%-21.43%. Eight S. bicolor materials were susceptible to BYSMV with the incidence ranging from 4.00% to 33.33%, but two of them remained asymptomatic. Field surveys revealed that the positive rate of BYSMV in T. aestivum, S. italica and Z. mays var. saccharata samples was 78.03%, 100% and 9.52%, respectively. The positive rate of BYSMV in Gramineae weeds, such as Setaria viridis, Eragrostis minor and Eleusine indica, was 75.68%, 65.38% and 8.33%, respectively. Artificial inoculation indicated that BYSMV could also infect Chloris virgata, Bromus japonica, Echinochloa crusgalli, Brachypodium distachyon and Avena fatua. The disease incidence was 100%, 82.61%, 20.00%, 60.71% and 10.00%, respectively. E. indica, E. crusgalli and A. fatua remained asymptomatic after being infected.【Conclusion】 BYSMV has strong pathogenicity to T. aestivum, S. italica, H. vulgare and A. sativa. Cultivated varieties are susceptible to infection, it is necessary to focus on monitoring the epidemic dynamics of BYSMV to prevent major disasters. The pathogenicity of BYSMV to Z. mays var. saccharata and S. bicolor is relatively weak, and varies in different varieties. Resistant varieties can be selected for prevention and control. The weeds such as C. virgata, S. viridis, E. minor, E. indica are the primary initial infection of BYSMV, it is crucial to remove weeds to prevent the spread of BYSMV.

Key words: barley yellow striate mosaic virus (BYSMV), Laodelphax striatellus, host, pathogenicity, risk assessment

ZHANG AiHong, YANG Fei, ZHAO YuanYe, ZHAO YiHan, DI DianPing, MIAO HongQin. Pathogenicity and Epidemic Risk of Barley Yellow Striate Mosaic Virus[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(23): 4686-4697.

Figures/Tables 6

Table 1

Pathogenicity of BYSMV to main gramineous crops"

作物 Crop	品种（系） Variety (line)	接种数量 Number of samples	症状 Symptoms	潜育期 Latent period (d)	发病率 Incidence (%)
小麦 T. aestivum	CA0175	17	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	90.70
	北农9549 Beinong 9549	24	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	92.31
	沧麦12 Cangmai 12	18	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	邯6172 Han 6172	27	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	96.30
	河农130 Henong 130	22	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	96.15
	河农58-3 Henong 58-3	14	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	10	64.29
	河农6049 Henong 6049	19	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	92.86
	河农7069 Henong 7069	26	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	河农825 Henong 825	19	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	83.33
	河农827 Henong 827	19	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	88.89
	衡05-444 Heng 05-444	24	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	衡4399 Heng 4399	21	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	84.62
	衡观35 Hengguan 35	27	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	88.00
	济麦22 Jimai 22	16	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	92.31
	冀5625 Ji 5625	22	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	92.31
	冀麦585 Jimai 585	16	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	92.00
	科农199 Kenong 199	14	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	96.43
	科农2009 Kenong 2009	23	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	96.43
	良星66 Liangxing 66	19	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	良星99 Liangxing 99	18	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	92.59
	轮选987 Lunxuan 987	24	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	石4366 Shi 4366	22	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	石麦22 Shimai 22	16	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	89.66
	石新733 Shixin 733	19	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	石新828 Shixin 828	16	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	T04366	28	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	84.62
	保麦10 Baomai 10	25	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	89.66
	邯农1412 Hannong 1412	25	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	10	68.97
	邯麦13号Hanmai 13	22	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	衡0628 Heng 0628	22	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	94.74
	衡0816 Heng 0816	28	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	95.83
	冀麦418 Jimai 418	23	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	冀麦518 Jimai 518	26	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	科农1006 Kenong 1006	19	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	10	60.00
	科农2011 Kenong 2011	26	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	75.00
	轮选103 Lunxuan 103	24	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	农大212 Nongda 212	16	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	91.30
	石家庄8号Shijiazhuang 8	22	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	石麦15 Shimai 15	25	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	石麦18 Shimai 18	28	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	92.59
	石农086 Shinong 086	16	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	石优20 Shiyou 20	16	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	邢麦7号Xingmai 7	13	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	92.31
	永麦1号Yongmai 1	18	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	83.33
	中麦155 Zhongmai 155	14	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	86.67
	婴泊700 Yingbo 700	12	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	农大399 Nongda 399	19	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	石麦19 Shimai 19	18	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	藁优2018 Gaoyou 2018	12	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	藁优5766 Gaoyou 5766	14	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	石新633 Shixin 633	17	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	乐土502 Letu 502	25	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	乐土七彩星Letuqicaixing	12	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	81.82
	石新811 Shixin 811	13	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	10	69.23
	阳光818 Yangguang 818	17	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	73.33
	汶农14 Wennong 14	22	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	81.25
	衡4444 Heng 4444	19	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	90.00
	衡6632 Heng 6632	19	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	衡S29 Heng S29	23	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	冀7369 Ji 7369	15	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	95.65
	冀麦325 Jimai 325	17	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	河农6049 Henong 6049	18	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	66.67
玉米 Z. mays	先玉335 Xianyu 335	14	/	/	0
	沧玉176 Cangyu 176	10	/	/	0
	华农138 Huanong 138	11	/	/	0
	航星118 Hangxing 118	14	/	/	0
	大丰30 Dafeng 30	13	/	/	0
	滑玉168 Huayu 168	12	/	/	0
	科试616 Keshi 616	11	/	/	0
	联创808 Lianchuang 808	13	/	/	0
	鲁单9032 Ludan 9032	12	/	/	0
	农华101 Nonghua 101	12	/	/	0
	农华816 Nonghua 816	10	/	/	0
	巡天1102 Xuntian 1102	12	/	/	0
	永研1101 Yongyan 1101	10	/	/	0
	浚丹20 Xundan 20	11	/	/	0
	郑单958 Zhengdan 958	12	/	/	0
	甜XSKB14 Tian XSKB14	14	/	/	0
	甜XSKB19 Tian XSKB19	10	/	/	0
	甜XSKB25 Tian XSKB25	11	/	/	0
	糯XSKB09 Nuo XSKB09	12	/	/	0
	糯XSKB10 Nuo XSKB10	12	/	/	0
	糯XSKB13 Nuo XSKB13	12	/	/	0
	京香甜糯Jingxiangtiannuo	14	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	15	14.29
	天津香糯1号Tianjinxiangnuo 1	13	/	/	0
	金束鹿丽彩Jinshululicai	12	/	/	0
	甜糯1号Tiannuo 1	14	/	/	0
	金香糯Jinxiangnuo	13	/	/	0
	香甜糯黄Xiangtiannuohuang	13	/	/	0
	彩钻大棒Caizuandabang	14	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	15	21.43
	金沃土黏玉米Jinwotunian	10	/	/	0
	黑糯玉米Heinuo	13	/	/	0
	金蜜水果玉米Jinmishuiguo	10	/	/	0
	草莓水果玉米Caomeishuiguo	10	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	15	20.00
	掖478 Ye 478	11	/	/	0
	掖107 Ye 107	14	/	/	0
	L133	13	/	/	0
	B73	12	/	/	0
	郑58 Zheng 58	14	/	/	0
	Va35	15	/	/	0
	齐319 Qi 319	15	/	/	0
	X178	14	/	/	0
谷子 S. italica	东昌一号Dongchang 1	11	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	81.82
	吨谷一号Dungu 1	9	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	邯杂谷一号Hanzagu 1	8	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	87.50
	红谷Honggu	7	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	42.86
	大穗东昌2号Dasuidongchang 2	7	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	10	28.57
	冀谷22号Jigu 22	7	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	57.14
	冀谷39号Jigu 39	13	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	69.23
	冀谷香米Jiguxiangmi	8	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	25.00
	金冠二号Jinguan 2	11	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	36.36
	小香米Xiaoxiangmi	9	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	44.44
	晋育红Jinyuhong	10	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	10	20.00
	沁州黄贡谷Qinzhouhuanggonggu	11	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	18.18
	中谷2黄Zhongguhuang 2	10	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	40.00
	张杂谷13号Zhangzagu 13	11	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	45.45
高粱 S. bicolor	大卡Daka	11	/	/	0
	大龙Dalong	12	/	/	0
	早牧Zaomu	9	/	/	0
	晚牧Wanmu	10	/	/	0
	大志晋杂16号Dazhijinza 16	9	/	/	0
	德胜农5号Deshengnong 5	9	/	/	0
	梗高粱6号Genggaoliang 6	7	/	/	0
	京都5号Jingdu 5	8	黄色条点、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	17	25.00
	绿宝红Lvbaohong	9	黄色条点、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	17	33.33
	书香1号Shuxiang 1	10	黄色条点、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	17	4.00
	甜高粱Tiangaoliang	11	/	/	0
	吉杂127 Jiza 127	12	黄色条点、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	17	25.00
	左帚3号Zuozhou 3	13	黄色条点、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	17	23.08
	小白人甜高粱Xiaobairen	14	/	/	0
	抗4高粱Kang 4	15	黄色条点、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	17	33.33
	陇草2号Longcao 2	13	/	/	0
	M81E	16	/	17	12.50
	春49考力Chun49Kaoli	14	/	17	14.29
燕麦 A. sativa	领袖Lingxiu	10	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	美达Meida	9	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	10	88.89
	魅力Meili	6	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	牧王Muwang	8	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	枪手Qiangshou	7	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	10	71.43
	太阳神Taiyangshen	9	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	10	55.56
	甜燕1号Tianyan 1	10	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	90.00
	甜燕2号Tianyan 2	10	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	10	70.00
	燕王Yanwang	9	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	10	88.89
	ESK	18	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	爱沃Aiwo	21	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	贝勒Beile	17	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	富特Fute	22	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
大麦 H. vulgare	晋大麦2号Jindamai 2	18	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	蒙啤1号Mengpi 1	21	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	藏青2000 Zangqing 2000	17	黄色条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00
	藏青13 Zangqing 13	22	褪绿条纹、矮化Yellow stripe, dwarfing	9	100.00

Table 1

Fig. 1

Table 2

Weed hosts identification of BYSMV in the field"

杂草种类 Weed species	接种数量 Number of inoculated plants	潜育期 Latent period (d)	发病率 Incidence (%)	症状 Symptoms
虎尾草C. virgata	29	10	100.00	黄色条纹、节间缩短Yellow stripe, internode shortening
雀麦B. japonica	23	10	82.61	矮缩、叶片细窄、黄色条纹Dwarf, narrow leaf, yellow stripe
牛筋草E. indica	24	30	95.83	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
狗尾草S. viridis	24	10	83.33	严重矮化、白色条点Severe dwarfing, white stripe
稗草E. crusgalli	25	30	20.00	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
二穗短柄草B. distachyon	28	20	60.71	黄色条纹、矮缩Yellow stripe, dwarf
马唐草D. sanguinalis	21	/	0	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
节节麦A. tauschii	24	/	0	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
小画眉E. minor	31	17	51.61	矮化、黄色条纹、心叶扭曲Dwarf, yellow stripe, newly-sprouted leaf distortion
画眉草E. pilosa	25	/	0	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
长芒稗E. caudata	23	/	0	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
无芒稗E. crusgalli	21	/	0	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
看麦娘A. aequalis	20	/	0	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
日本看麦娘A. japonicas	34	/	0	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
金色狗尾草S. glauca	24	/	0	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
野燕麦A. fatua	10	30	10.00	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
巨大狗尾草S. viridis	26	/	0	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
羊草L. chinensis	16	/	0	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
菵草B. syzigachne	21	/	0	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
升马唐D. ciliaris	18	/	0	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
假高粱P. fasciculare	16	/	0	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
黑麦草L. perenne	14	/	0	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
紫马唐D. violascens	15	/	0	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
细柄黍P. sumatrense	13	/	0	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
纤毛鹅观草R. ciliaris	7	/	0	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
白茅I. cylindrical	9	/	0	无明显症状No obvious symptoms

Table 2

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Table 3

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Pathogenicity and Epidemic Risk of Barley Yellow Striate Mosaic Virus

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植物 Plant	样品数 Number of samples	检出率 <BOLD>D</BOLD>etection rate (%)	田间症状 Symptoms in the field
小麦T. aestivum	314	78.03	矮化、旗叶金黄色、黄色条纹Dwarf, flag leaf golden yellow, yellow stripe
甜玉米Z. mays var. saccharata	21	9.52	节间缩短、黄色条纹Internode shortening, yellow stripe
谷子S. italica	42	100.00	矮化、心叶扭曲、黄色条纹Dwarf, newly-sprouted leaf distortion, yellow stripe
大麦H. vulgare	24	0	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
燕麦A. sativa	17	0	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
高粱S. bicolor	15	0	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
狗尾草S. viridis	37	75.68	矮缩、丛生、黄色条点Dwarf, cluster, yellow stripe
牛筋草E. indica	36	8.33	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
小画眉E. minor	26	65.38	矮化、丛生、白色条点Dwarf, cluster, white stripe
虎尾草C. virgata	11	0	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
野燕麦A. fatua	21	0	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
稗草E. crusgalli	16	0	无明显症状No obvious symptoms
合计Total	580	28.08

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