环境胁迫对锈赤扁谷盗呼吸速率及线粒体编码基因表达水平的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.24.006

Abstract

Abstract:

【Background】Mitochondria is an important organelle in the organism, which is the primary site for cellular oxygen consumption and the production of the energy substance adenosine triphosphate (ATP), playing a significant role in the organism’s resistance to adversity. The rusty grain beetle (Cryptolestes ferrugineus) is a type of global stored grain pest, possessing extremely strong environmental adaptability.【Objective】The objective of this study is to analyze the respiratory rate of C. ferrugineus and the response of mitochondrial protein-coding genes to different environmental stresses, and to investigate the stress response of mitochondria in the adversity resistance of C. ferrugineus.【Method】Mitochondrial protein-coding genes were identified based on the mitochondrial genome data of C. ferrugineus, and corresponding real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) primers were designed. The toxicity regression equation and LC₃₀ of C. ferrugineus to fumigants (ethyl formate), botanical insecticides (rotenone), and stored grain protectants (avermectin) were determined by using bioassay methods, and these concentrations were used for subsequent drug stress treatment on the test insects. The spatial and temporal expression patterns (different developmental stages and different tissues of larvae) of mitochondrial protein-coding genes in C. ferrugineus were analyzed by using RT-qPCR technology. Finally, the changes in the respiratory rate of C. ferrugineus under various adversity stresses such as high temperatures (35 and 40 ℃), ethyl formate, rotenone, avermectin, and starvation, as well as the expression patterns of mitochondrial protein-coding genes, were studied by using a CO₂ detector and RT-qPCR technology, respectively.【Result】Twelve mitochondrial protein-coding genes (excluding nad6) quantitative primers were designed. RT-qPCR results showed that these mitochondrial protein-coding genes had a higher expression level at the 3rd instar larval stage, and mitochondrial genes were specifically highly expressed in the Malpighian tubules of 3rd instar larvae. Moreover, under high-temperature stress, the respiratory rate of C. ferrugineus significantly increased, and the expression levels of mitochondrial protein-coding genes nad2, cytb, and cox2 increased significantly, while nad4, nad4L, cox3, and atp6 showed a significant downregulation trend. Under ethyl formate fumigation stress, the respiratory rate of C. ferrugineus significantly decreased, and all 12 mitochondrial protein-coding genes were significantly downregulated. Among them, the expression levels of nad4L and nad5 were only 3.48% and 1.91% of the control group, respectively. Under rotenone and avermectin stress, the respiratory rate of C. ferrugineus significantly decreased, and the expression levels of mitochondrial protein-coding genes, except for cox2, were significantly downregulated. Under starvation stress, the respiratory rate of C. ferrugineus significantly decreased, and as the stress duration increased, the downregulation of mitochondrial encoded gene expression levels became more pronounced.【Conclusion】The respiratory metabolism rate and mitochondrial protein-coding gene expressions of C. ferrugineus changed significantly under different environmental stresses, indicating that the mitochondria plays an important role in the adaption to high temperature, pesticides, and starvation stress in C. ferrugineus.

Key words: Cryptolestes ferrugineus, environmental stress, respiratory rate, mitochondrial protein-coding gene

CHEH ErHu, YUAN GuoQing, SUN ShengYuan, TANG PeiAn. The Effect of Environmental Stress on Respiratory Rate and Expression Level of Mitochondrial Protein-Coding Genes in Cryptolestes ferrugineus[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(24): 4866-4879.

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引物名称 Primer name	引物序列 Primer sequence (5′ to 3′)	产物长度 Product length (bp)	决定系数 Determination coefficient (R²)	扩增效率 Amplification efficiency (%)
nad1-F	TAATGGGTTAGTTCAGCCTT	296	1.000	91.464
nad1-R	AAATAGTTTGAGCAACAGCC	296	1.000	91.464
nad2-F	TAGTATATGGCTAGGACTGGA	92	1.000	88.099
nad2-R	TTAAGGCTGATTCTGATGGA	92	1.000	88.099
nad3-F	TTGACCCTAAATCTACCGCA	219	0.993	102.414
nad3-R	TGGCTCAGTTTAAGGCTCCT	219	0.993	102.414
nad4-F	TGCTTATTCTTCTGTTGCTC	166	0.991	102.742
nad4-R	ACTTCGTCTATGAGTTCGTT	166	0.991	102.742
nad4L-F	TTAACTATAAGTGTATGTGAGGG	63	0.996	91.195
nad4L-R	ATAATATAATCATTTCCATGC	63	0.996	91.195
nad5-F	GCCCTTTCAACTTTAAGTCA	89	0.995	106.110
nad5-R	TAAAGCCTTAAAGAGGGCAT	89	0.995	106.110
cytb-F	GAGGTGCCACAGTTATTAC	109	0.992	102.519
cytb-R	CGAGTTAATGTTGCGTTATC	109	0.992	102.519
cox1-F	TGCTCATGGAGGATCTTCAG	122	0.994	102.676
cox1-R	TTATACCTTGGGGCCGTATA	122	0.994	102.676
cox2-F	CGTTCGTCCAATAATTGTTG	128	0.998	93.275
cox2-R	AAGTCCTTCCGATTCCAG	128	0.998	93.275
cox3-F	CGCCGTTTACTATTGCTGAT	153	0.993	103.234
cox3-R	ACCCAAAATGGTGAGTTCTT	153	0.993	103.234
atp6-F	ATATTAGCCCATTTAGTCCCACA	115	0.998	93.255
atp6-R	CAGATAGCCGGACAGCCAAA	115	0.998	93.255
atp8-F	TTCCTCAAATAGCCCCTTTAAGT	50	0.997	97.458
atp8-R	AGTAAAATAGAAGAAAAGAGTTAAT	50	0.997	97.458
RPS13-F	ATCCGTAAGCATTTGGAACG	162	0.997	91.571
RPS13-R	AGCCACTAAGGCTGAAGCTG	162	0.997	91.571
EF1α-F	CCAGGCATGGTAGTGACCTT	184	0.999	96.033
EF1α-R	TTGGAGGGTTGTTTTTGGAG	184	0.999	96.033

杀虫剂Insecticide	回归方程Regression equation (y=)	LC₃₀ (95%置信区间95% CI)	决定系数Determination coefficient (R²)
甲酸乙酯Ethyl formate	-3.665+3.409x	8.3 μL·L^-1 (6.2-10.1)	0.953
鱼藤酮Rotenone	-7.903+2.285x	1696.7 mg·L^-1 (1176.7-2138.5)	0.986
阿维菌素Avermectin	-2.007+3.640x	2.6 mg·L^-1 (1.5-3.1)	0.930

The Effect of Environmental Stress on Respiratory Rate and Expression Level of Mitochondrial Protein-Coding Genes in Cryptolestes ferrugineus

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