Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2019, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (3): 550-557.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.03.015

• ANIMAL SCIENCE·VETERINARY SCIENCE·RESOURCE INSECT • Previous Articles     Next Articles

The Upper Limit Temperature of Thermoneutral Zone Estimated by the Changes of Temperature and Respiration Rate of the Broilers

YANG YuYan,WANG XueJie,ZHANG MinHong,FENG JingHai()   

  1. Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing 100193
  • Received:2018-06-07 Accepted:2018-12-19 Online:2019-02-01 Published:2019-02-14

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Abstract:

【Objective】 The present study was conducted to measure the variations of surface temperature (ST), core temperature (CT) and respiratory rate (RR) of broilers with increasing ambient temperature (AT), and analyze these data with a broken-line model to determine the inflection point temperature (IPT, the certain AT above which the body temperature or RR of the broilers started to change). 【Method】 Ten AA broilers (21 days old) were raised in one controlled climate chamber. The AT of chamber was increased gradually by one degree per 0.5 h from 18℃ to 33℃, and then gradually decreased to 20℃. The CT and ST of broilers, as well as the AT in the chamber were recorded at 10 min intervals using mini temperature data loggers. The experiment was repeated three times on three days. 【Result】 The IPT based on ST (IPTST) for three consecutive days were 21.18, 21.09 and 21.13℃, average 21.13℃. The variation coefficients of IPTST between individual broilers was 6.13, 6.15 and 5.64 for three measurements, the variation coefficient of IPTST between three measurements was 0.52% on average, indicating that the method of estimating IPTST was better repeatable. The IPT based on CT (IPTCT) for three consecutive days were 27.80, 27.98 and 27.67℃, with an average of 27.82℃. The variation coefficients of IPTCT between individual broilers was 2.82, 2.75, 2.78 for three measurements, the variation coefficient of IPTST between three measurements was 0.90% on average, indicating that the method of estimating IPTCT was better repeatable. The IPT based on RR (IPTRR) for three consecutive days were 28.42, 29.52 and 29.25℃, with an average of 29.06℃. Since the panting of broilers is intermittent, the respiratory of broilers under high temperature maybe normal during the period of RR measurement (only 1 min per chick), which maybe result in an under-estimated the RR, and an over-estimated IPTRR of some broilers. 【Conclusion】 According to the definition of the thermal neutral zone, the upper limit temperature of the thermal neutral zone of 3-4 weeks old broilers should be lower than IPTCT (27.82℃), and the upper limit temperature of thermal comfort zone is IPTST (21.13℃).

Key words: broilers chicken, body temperature, respiratory rate, inflection point temperature, increasing ambient temperature

Fig. 1

Temperature setting during the experiment"

Fig. 2

The inflection point temperature (IPTST, which is the certain ambient temperature above which the surface temperature of broilers started to change) at first day (a), second day (b), and third day (c) and its variation between individuals or three days (d)"

Fig. 3

The inflection point temperature (IPTCT, which is the certain ambient temperature above which the core temperature of broilers started to change) at first day (a), second day (b), and third day (c) and its variation between individuals or three days (d). The loggers inside 2 chickens were damaged, so the data of 1-4 and 1-8 were missing"

Fig. 4

The inflection point temperature (IPTRR, which is the certain ambient temperature above which the respiratory rate of broilers started to change) At first day (a), second day (b), and third day (c) and its variation between individuals or three days (d). The data of 8 chickens at the first day, 1 chicken at the second day, and 5 chickens at the third day were left after screening out the unreasonable data"

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