不同水氮条件下冬小麦穗器官临界氮稀释模型研究

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.17.005

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The spike organ becomes the growth center after anthesis in wheat, so ensuring sufficient nitrogen nutrition in spike organ is the basis of grain yield and protein quality formation. The accurate diagnosis of spike nitrogen nutrition is of great significance for predicting wheat yield and quality. 【Method】 Zhoumai 27 and Yumai 49-198 were used as wheat materials, and three irrigation treatments under field conditions (W0: rain-fed, W1: single irrigation at jointing, W2: irrigation at jointing and anthesis) and five nitrogen application levels (0 (N0), 90 kg·hm^-2 (N6), 180 kg·hm^-2 (N12), 270 kg·hm^-2 (N18) and 360 kg·hm^-2 (N24)) were set in this experiment. The dry matter and nitrogen content data of wheat spike organs at different filling periods were collected for constructing critical nitrogen dilution (Nc) curve of spike organs under different irrigation conditions, and the wheat grain yield and protein content were measured at maturity stage. 【Result】 Under the same irrigation condition, the dry matter and nitrogen content of spike organ both increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate. All the relationships between spike critical nitrogen concentration and spike biomass under different irrigation conditions were power exponent, and the different models showed the difference under different irrigation conditions (W0: Nc=2.58 DM^-0.242; W1: Nc=2.92 DM^-0.24; W2: Nc=3.10 DM^-0.231). Nitrogen nutrition index (NNI) increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate under different irrigation conditions, and the suitable nitrogen application rate varied with the irrigation conditions, with 180-270 kg·hm^-2 for rainfed conditions and about 270 kg·hm^-2 for irrigation conditions. There was a significant correlation between relative yield (RY) and NNI, which was expressed as linear + platform characteristics. The NNI values of gaining the highest relative yield were different under different irrigation conditions, with 1.01 under rainfed condition and 0.97 under irrigated condition. There was a significant linear quantitative relationship between grain protein content and NNI of wheat, and the irrigation led to a decrease in protein content. 【Conclusion】 The spike organ Nc and NNI models established in this study could effectively indicate the changes in wheat spike nitrogen abundance and deficiency under different water and nitrogen conditions, evaluate the yield status in real time, and accurately predict protein content. These results provided the reference and basis for the field and storage management in the later stage of wheat growth.

Key words: wheat spike, irrigation conditions, critical nitrogen concentration, nitrogen nutrition index, yield, protein content

ZHAO XiaoHui,ZHANG YanYan,RONG YaSi,DUAN JianZhao,HE Li,LIU WanDai,GUO TianCai,FENG Wei. Study on Critical Nitrogen Dilution Model of Winter Wheat Spike Organs Under Different Water and Nitrogen Conditions[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(17): 3321-3333.

Figures/Tables 6

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Study on Critical Nitrogen Dilution Model of Winter Wheat Spike Organs Under Different Water and Nitrogen Conditions

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