外源6-BA对不同生育时期淹水花生根系生长和荚果产量的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.18.004

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of flooding stress and spraying exogenous cytokinin on root respiratory enzymes activities, endogenous hormone content and pod yield at different peanut growth stages, so as to provide a theory base for improving peanut resistance to flooding and using exogenous cytokinin hormone to regulate peanut growth. 【Method】Peanut (Shanhua108) was grown in the pot culture experiments with flooding treatment during 10 days at the seedling stage (V3), the flower needle stage (R3), the pod setting stage (R5), and the full fruit stage (R7),respectively. And the normal water management during the whole growth period (CK) was used as the control. Exogenous 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) (15 mg·L^-1) were sprayed to the whole plants at a rate of 250 mL·m^-2 after waterlogging. A total of 9 spraying combinations, namely, normal water management during the whole growth period (CK), flooding at the seedling stage (V3-W), spraying 6-BA after flooding at the seedling stage (V3-S), and flooding at the flower needle stage (R3-W), spraying 6-BA after flooding at the flower needle stage (R3-S), flooding at the pod setting stage (R5-W), spraying 6-BA after flooding at the pod setting stage(R5-S), flooding at full fruit stage (R7-W), spraying 6-BA after flooding at full fruit stage (R7-S). And then the anaerobic respiratory enzymes, aerobic respiratory enzymes activity, endogenous hormone contents, root dry weight (RDW), and root length density (RLD) were determined every 5 days after treatment. 【Result】The RDW and RLD in 20-60 cm soil layers were significantly decreased by waterlogging treatment. There was no root system in 20-40 cm soil layer under V3-W treatment after waterlogging. Compared with the R3-W treatment, the values of RDW and RLD of the 20-60 cm soil layer under the R3-S treatment was increased by 5.15% and 8.59% in the growing seasons of 2018 and 2019, respectively. Flooding stress increased the activities of Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and decreased the activity of Malate dehydrogenase (MDH). For example, the activity of ADH and LDH was increased under V3-W treatment by 12.49 and 18.99 times, respectively. Whereas, the activity of MDH decreased by 65.15%. In addition, compared with CK treatment, ABA content in the two growing seasons was increased by 22.51%, 15.81%, 10.57% and 5.64% under V3-W, R3-W, R5-W and R7-W, respectively. However, spraying 6-BA significantly reduced the ABA content during R3 stage, which was 7.60% lower than that of R3-W treatment. On the contrary, endogenous ZR content was reduced by flooding stress at all the growth stages. Compared to CK treatment, ZR content under V3-W, R3-W, R5-W and R7-W treatment was decreased by 16.84%, 15.61%, 15.35%, and 8.51%, respectively. While application of exogenous 6-BA decreased the ABA content, but increased the ZR content. Flooding significantly reduced the number of fruit per plant and the yield per plant in the R5 period, which decreased by 38.39% and 30.43% in 2018, respectively, and decreased by 31.60% and 25.06% in 2019. The R3 period was sprayed with 6-BA in the growth season of 2018 and 2019, increased production by 5.38% and 6.91%, respectively. 【Conclusion】 Application of exogenous 6-BA after flooding increased peanut yield due to increasing root respiration performance and the leaf photosynthetic productivity resulting from reducing the root ABA content and increasing the ZR content to enhance root ADH and MDH activity, and to increase leaf chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate.

Key words: flooding stress, cytokinin, abscisic acid, root respiratory enzymes, yield

LI Ying,ZHAO JiHao,LI JinRong,QIAN BiChang,LIU ZhaoXin,GAO Fang,YANG DongQing,LI XiangDong. Effects of Exogenous 6-BA on Root Growth and Pod Yield of Flooded Peanut at Different Growth Stages[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(18): 3665-3678.

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References 43

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年份Year	有机质Organic matter (g·kg^-1)	全氮Total nitrogen (g·kg^-1)	速效磷Available P (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾Available K (mg·kg^-1)	pH
2018	16.68	0.768	76.53	108.27	7.6
2019	15.83	0.735	73.38	101.25	7.4

	玉米素核苷ZR	脱落酸ABA	乙醇脱氢酶ADH	乳酸脱氢酶LDH
脱落酸 ABA	0.397
乙醇脱氢酶 ADH	0.286	0.480
乳酸脱氢酶 LDH	0.305	0.685**	0.898**
苹果酸脱氢酶 MDH	0.705**	0.006	-0.225	-0.265

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	单株结果数 Pods number per plant	百果重 Weight per 100 kernel (g)	双果仁率 Double kernel rate (%)	单株产量 Pod mass per plant (g)	出仁率 Kernel rate (%)
2018	CK	20.47a	135.49a	66.30a	27.05a	68.46a
	V3-W	18.33d	129.85abc	61.77bc	23.80c	67.61a
	V3-S	20.39bc	133.27a	62.98ab	25.06b	67.93a
	R3-W	16.67e	126.51bcd	55.70d	22.17d	66.22abc
	R3-S	17.33e	131.92ab	58.28cd	23.43c	65.87abc
	R5-W	14.17g	122.24d	55.48d	18.82e	68.34a
	R5-S	15.67f	124.92cd	55.79d	19.62e	67.13ab
	R7-W	19.67c	129.35abc	64.66ab	24.70b	62.05c
	R7-S	20.33bc	130.17abc	64.95ab	25.15b	62.49bc
2019	CK	18.20a	148.85a	65.40a	27.21a	67.55a
	V3-W	17.83a	146.84ab	63.65ab	26.17a	66.95a
	V3-S	18.00a	150.28a	64.44a	27.05a	67.52a
	R3-W	15.33abc	137.55bc	55.51c	22.60bc	64.90abc
	R3-S	16.83ab	145.51ab	58.50bc	24.43ab	65.42ab
	R5-W	14.83c	131.11c	57.97bc	19.39c	59.07d
	R5-S	15.25bc	136.90bc	58.54bc	20.88c	61.71bcd
	R7-W	17.25a	147.02ab	56.53c	25.37ab	60.83cd
	R7-S	17.33a	148.00a	56.73c	25.73ab	61.05bcd

Effects of Exogenous 6-BA on Root Growth and Pod Yield of Flooded Peanut at Different Growth Stages

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