人工气候室控制条件下青葱对LED光质的响应特性

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.14.015

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The purpose was to explore the response characteristics of green onion growth, product quality and photosynthetic characteristics of green onions to different light qualities, and to provide technical parameters for optimizing the regulation of light environment in industrial production of green onions and improve the production efficiency of green onions based on fresh green leaves. 【Method】 Under the condition of LED light source in artificial climate chamber, two different varieties of green onion ‘Zhangqiu’ and ‘Tianguang’ were used as experimental materials. The seedlings of green onion with about 15 cm in seedling height and 2-3 pieces of true leaves were cultured under five different light qualities, including blue light (B), red light (R), green light (G), yellow light (Y) and white light (W). The light intensity was controlled at (301.6 ± 12.7) μmol·m^-2·s^-1, the light time was 12 h/d, and the day/night temperature was controlled at 25℃/18℃, respectively. Samples were taken at 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 days after treatment, and the photosynthetic parameters of green onions treated with different light quality were measured, as well as the growth and product quality of green onion at 40 days of culture. 【Result】The growth, product quality, leaf pigment content, photosynthetic rate (Pn), apparent quantum efficiency (AQY) and RuBP maximum regeneration rate of green onion under W were significantly better than those under monochromatic light. After 40 days of culture, the fresh weight (FW) per plant of green onion treated with W was 25.21 g, which was 7.83%, 20.28%, 35.68% and 60.78% higher than B, R, G and Y, respectively. The Pn under W was 7.63 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, which was 11.39%, 24.07%, 39.23% and 59.62% higher than B, R, G and Y, respectively. The photo-saturated photosynthetic rate (Pmax) under W reached 13.29 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, which was 5.39%, 9.47%, 15.57% and 21.48% higher than B, R, G and Y, respectively. There was no significant difference in light saturation point (LSP) among other monochromatic light, while the light compensation point (LCP) was higher in Y, followed by G and R, and lower in B and W. There were also significant differences among different monochromatic light, the FW per plant of B was significantly higher than Y, which reached 24.22 g and 16.52 g, respectively, G and R were in the middle. Pn, AQY, Pmax, carboxylation efficiency (CE) and maximum regeneration rate of RuBP of green onion leaves treated with B were also significantly higher than those of other monochromatic light. The quality indexes in green onion, such as soluble sugar, crude cellulose, pyruvate, soluble protein, free amino acid and dry matter in W, were significantly higher than those in monochromatic light. However, the B was higher among the monochromatic light, and the others were red light, green light, and yellow light in order. 【Conclusion】 The W was the most beneficial to the growth of green onions, which showed that the photosynthetic efficiency of leaves was higher and the product quality was better, and the effect of each monochromatic light treatment was higher than B, followed by R, Y and G. It reflected that green onions had strong utilization ability to W and B, which laid a foundation for further study on the formation of yield and quality of green onions by compound light.

Key words: green onion (Allium fistulosum L.), artificial climate chamber, LED, light quality, growth, quality, photosynthesis

GAO Song,LIU XueNa,LIU Ying,CAO BiLi,CHEN ZiJing,XU Kun. Response Characteristics of Green Onion (Allium fistulosum L.) to LED Light Quality Under Artificial Climate Chamber[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(14): 2919-2928.

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处理 Treatment		叶片数 Leaf number	株高 Plant height (cm)	假茎长 Cauloid length (cm)	假茎粗 Cauloid diameter (mm)	叶片鲜重 Leaf FW (g)	假茎鲜重 Cauloid FW (g)	根系鲜重 Root FW (g)	单株鲜重 Per plant FW (g)
ZQ	W	6.40±0.55a	47.24±1.44a	9.90±0.65a	9.88±0.38a	14.70±0.70a	9.34±0.52a	1.61±0.07a	25.64±1.14a
	B	6.00±0.71ab	45.20±0.91b	10.00±0.61a	9.25±0.28b	14.10±0.53a	8.52±0.68b	1.33±0.06b	23.95±1.03b
	G	5.00±0.71cd	37.28±1.57d	8.68±0.31b	7.75±0.08c	11.04±0.46c	6.93±0.68c	1.22±0.12b	19.18±0.72d
	Y	4.60±0.55d	33.84±1.16e	7.98±0.31c	7.37±0.32d	9.54±0.43d	5.33±0.55d	1.05±0.08c	15.92±0.33e
	R	5.40±0.55bc	40.30±1.35c	9.40±0.42a	9.17±0.12b	13.03±0.39b	8.61±0.27b	1.24±0.06b	22.87±0.62c
TG	W	5.60±0.55a	47.10±1.24a	9.76±0.43ab	8.82±0.32a	14.84±0.44a	8.83±0.41a	1.11±0.07a	24.78±0.47a
	B	5.40±0.55ab	44.66±1.27b	10.14±0.72a	8.70±0.25a	13.92±0.33b	7.92±0.39b	0.97±0.08b	22.81±0.46b
	G	4.60±0.55cd	39.70±0.76d	9.30±0.45b	8.20±0.20b	11.47±0.69c	5.78±0.44c	0.73±0.03d	17.98±0.52c
	Y	4.00±0.00d	33.04±1.02e	7.00±0.35d	7.31±0.16c	9.71±0.30d	4.90±0.44d	0.83±0.24cd	15.43±0.71d
	R	4.80±0.45bc	42.64±2.17c	8.66±0.55c	7.62±0.17c	11.99±0.29c	6.10±0.21c	0.95±0.06bc	19.04±0.36c

处理 Treatment		叶片数 Leaf number (No.)	株高 Plant height (cm)	假茎长 Cauloid length (cm)	假茎粗 Cauloid diameter (mm)	叶片鲜重 Leaf FW (g)	假茎鲜重 Cauloid FW (g)	根系鲜重 Root FW (g)	单株鲜重 Per plant FW (g)
品种 Variety	ZQ	5.48±0.87a	40.77±5.18a	9.19±0.90a	8.69±1.01a	12.48±2.02a	7.75±1.56a	1.29±0.20a	21.51±3.66a
品种 Variety	TG	4.88±0.73b	41.43±5.10a	8.97±1.22a	8.13±0.64b	12.38±1.90a	6.71±1.52b	0.92±0.17b	20.01±3.47b
光质 Light quality	W	6.00±0.67a	47.17±1.27a	9.83±0.53a	9.35±0.65a	14.77±0.56a	9.08±0.51a	1.36±0.27a	25.21±0.94a
	B	5.70±0.67a	44.93±1.08b	10.07±0.64a	8.98±0.38b	14.01±0.43b	8.22±0.61b	1.15±0.20b	23.38±0.96b
	G	4.80±0.63b	38.49±1.72d	8.99±0.49b	7.97±0.27d	11.25±0.60d	6.35±0.81d	0.97±0.27c	18.58±0.87d
	Y	4.30±0.48c	33.44±1.11e	7.49±0.60c	7.34±0.24e	9.62±0.36e	5.12±0.52e	0.94±0.20c	15.68±0.58e
	R	5.10±0.57b	41.47±2.11c	9.03±0.60b	8.40±0.83c	12.51±0.64c	7.36±1.34c	1.09±0.16b	20.96±2.08c
		P值 P-value
品种 Var.		0.0004	0.0918	0.1275	0.0000	0.4799	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000
光质 LQ		0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000
品种×光质Var.×LQ		0.9541	0.0150	0.0060	0.0000	0.0136	0.0001	0.0155	0.0000

处理 Treatment		可溶性糖 Soluble sugar (%)	粗纤维 Crude cellulose (mg?g^-1)	丙酮酸 Pyruvate (mg?g^-1)	可溶性蛋白 Soluble protein (mg?g^-1)	游离氨基酸 Free amino acid (mg?g^-1)	干物质 Dry matter (%)
ZQ	W	1.46±0.04a	0.24±0.00a	1.03±0.02a	1.43±0.01a	0.93±0.05a	8.42±0.08a
	B	1.36±0.12a	0.19±0.00b	0.95±0.02b	1.16±0.02b	0.90±0.04a	8.22±0.10b
	G	0.93±0.03c	0.11±0.01d	0.48±0.03e	1.00±0.02d	0.78±0.04b	7.60±0.17d
	Y	0.70±0.06d	0.08±0.00e	0.64±0.05d	0.92±0.01e	0.69±0.05c	7.24±0.11e
	R	1.15±0.03b	0.14±0.01c	0.83±0.02c	1.07±0.02c	0.89±0.05a	7.97±0.09c
TG	W	2.14±0.10a	0.14±0.00a	1.04±0.02a	1.51±0.04b	0.89±0.04a	7.96±0.09a
	B	1.82±0.05b	0.10±0.00b	0.95±0.02b	1.60±0.05a	0.76±0.04b	7.74±0.11b
	G	1.36±0.12d	0.09±0.00c	0.42±0.01e	0.78±0.05d	0.60±0.03c	7.00±0.18d
	Y	0.80±0.05e	0.06±0.01d	0.52±0.02d	0.67±0.02e	0.59±0.04c	6.83±0.18e
	R	1.58±0.03c	0.10±0.01b	0.83±0.03c	1.00±0.02c	0.70±0.04b	7.43±0.13c

处理 Treatment		可溶性糖 Soluble sugar (%)	粗纤维 Crude cellulose (mg?g^-1)	丙酮酸 Pyruvate (mg?g^-1)	可溶性蛋白 Soluble protein (mg?g^-1)	游离氨基酸 Free amino acid (mg?g^-1)	干物质 Dry matter (%)
品种 Variety	ZQ	1.12±0.29b	0.15±0.06a	0.79±0.21a	1.11±0.18a	0.84±0.10a	7.89±0.44a
品种 Variety	TG	1.54±0.47a	0.10±0.03b	0.75±0.25b	1.11±0.39a	0.71±0.12b	7.39±0.46b
光质 Light quality	W	1.80±0.38a	0.19±0.06a	1.04±0.02a	1.47±0.05a	0.91±0.05a	8.19±0.25a
	B	1.59±0.26b	0.15±0.05b	0.95±0.02b	1.38±0.24b	0.83±0.08b	7.98±0.27b
	G	1.14±0.25d	0.10±0.01d	0.45±0.04e	0.89±0.13d	0.69±0.10c	7.30±0.36d
	Y	0.75±0.07e	0.07±0.01e	0.58±0.07d	0.79±0.13e	0.64±0.07c	7.03±0.26e
	R	1.36±0.24c	0.12±0.02c	0.83±0.02c	1.03±0.04c	0.80±0.11b	7.70±0.31c
		P值 P-value
品种Var. 光质LQ 品种×光质Var.×LQ		0.0000	0.0000	0.0031	0.8627	0.0000	0.0000
		0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000
		0.0000	0.0000	0.0020	0.0000	0.0485	0.5240

处理 Treatment		表观光合量子效率 AQY	光饱和点 LSP (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	光饱和光合速率 Pmax (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	光补偿点 LCP (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	羧化效率 CE	CO₂饱和点CSP (μl·L^-1)	CO₂补偿点CCP (μl·L^-1)	RuBP最大再生速率 Maximum RuBP regeneration rate (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)
品种 Variety	ZQ	0.0479a	1157.59b	12.54a	56.25b	0.0698a	1376.92b	71.05b	36.64a
品种 Variety	TG	0.0489a	1303.91a	11.65b	71.97a	0.0674b	1418.73a	75.69a	35.56b
光质 Light quality	W	0.0542a	1297.13a	13.29a	45.61e	0.0780a	1386.15b	57.35e	38.98a
	B	0.0504b	1193.44b	12.61b	48.30d	0.0720b	1388.97b	66.21d	37.23b
	G	0.0454d	1216.30b	11.50d	77.12b	0.0640d	1401.43a	80.28b	34.89d
	Y	0.0439d	1195.32b	10.94e	85.62a	0.0607e	1404.76a	88.09a	32.98e
	R	0.0481c	1251.55ab	12.14c	63.90c	0.0683c	1407.81a	74.90c	36.41c
		P值 P-value
品种Var.		0.1426	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0001	0.0000	0.0002	0.0000
光质LQ		0.0000	0.0135	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0001	0.0000	0.0000
品种×光Var.×LQ		0.3187	0.0445	0.0000	0.0000	0.0003	0.0416	0.0499	0.0000

Response Characteristics of Green Onion (Allium fistulosum L.) to LED Light Quality Under Artificial Climate Chamber

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