番茄斑驳花叶病毒在我国茄科作物上的发生及生物学特性

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.03.007

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The objective of this study is to determine the occurrence, main distribution area, natural host and biological characteristics including host range, transmission way and pathogenicity of Tomato mottle mosaic virus (ToMMV) in solanaceae crops of China, which is a newly identified species in the genus Tobamovirus.【Method】Using RT-PCR method, the suspected virus-infected pepper, tomato, eggplant, potato, tobacco of solanaceae crops showing mosaic, shrinking, malformation, yellowing, necrosis symptoms collected from 13 provinces/autonomous regions (Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Hainan, Hunan, Henan, Shaanxi, Shandong, Hubei, Zhejiang, Liaoning, Tibet and Inner Mongolia) of China in 2013-2017 were detected. Transmission ways were tested by mechanical inoculation and injection, by ToMMV detection in the seeds obtained from ToMMV-infecting tobacco and the seedlings germinated from the seeds, as well as in the 6-8 leaves seedlings of pepper and tomato germinated from the healthy seeds grew in the ToMMV-contaminated soils. Host range test of ToMMV on 30 plants in 6 families such as Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Leguminosae, Cruciferae and disease resistance evaluation of different pepper and tomato varieties against ToMMV were carried out.【Result】A total of 1 622 suspected virus-diseased samples of solanaceae crops were collected from 13 provinces/autonomous regions, and the average detection rate of ToMMV was 2.59%, which occurred in 7 provinces/autonomous regions including Yunnan, Hunan, Hainan, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Tibet and Inner Mongolia. ToMMV infection in pepper was detected in Yunnan, Hunan, Hainan, Shaanxi and Tibet, while the infection of ToMMV in tomato was detected in Yunnan, Hainan, Liaoning and Inner Mongolia, with the average detection rates of 2.51% and 3.46%, respectively. No ToMMV was detected in eggplant, potato and tobacco. ToMMV could be transmitted by mechanical inoculation, injection, virus-contaminated seeds and virus-contaminated soils under experimental conditions, and showed the higher ToMMV infection rate in the seeds, the greater impact on the growth of seedlings. ToMMV could infect almost all of the tested solanaceae and cruciferae plants, and some leguminosae and cucurbitaceae plants. One pepper germplasm material was identified as immune to ToMMV, and two pepper germplasm materials were high resistance to ToMMV, while two tomato germplasm materials showed high resistance to ToMMV.【Conclusion】ToMMV has been occurring on pepper and tomato in China at present, and the host range of ToMMV is wide and the pathogenicity is strong under experimental conditions. ToMMV has a gradual spread and epidemic trend in China, and it is likely to become one of the most harmful viruses on vegetable crop production, especially in solanaceae crops in the future.

Key words: Tomato mottle mosaic virus (ToMMV), solanaceae crops, occurrence and distribution, transmission way, pathogenicity

LI YueYue,ZHOU WenPeng,LU SiQian,CHEN DeRong,DAI JianHong,GUO QiaoYou,LIU Yong,LI Fan,TAN GuanLin. Occurrence and Biological Characteristics of Tomato mottle mosaic virus on Solanaceae Crops in China[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(3): 539-550.

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1

Table 2

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Table 3

Symptoms on the tested plants inoculated with ToMMV and ToMMV detection results by RT-PCR"

供试植株所属科 Family of tested plants	供试植株 Tested plant	表现症状 Symptom	RT-PCR检测结果 Results of RT-PCR
茄科 Solanaceae	辣椒Capsicum annuum	花叶Mosaic、黄化Yellowing、坏死Necrosis、皱缩Shrinking	+
	番茄Solanum lycopersicum	花叶Mosaic、泡斑Blistering、畸形Distortion、线形叶Leaf narrowing	+
	茄子Solanum melongena	斑驳Mottle、坏死Necrosis	+
	马铃薯Solanum tuberosum	斑驳Mottle、黄化Yellowing、坏死Necrosis	+
	普通烟Nicotiana tobacum	花叶Mosaic	+
	本氏烟N. benthamiana	褪绿Chlorosis、黄化Yellowing	+
	黄花烟N. rustica	泡斑Blistering、畸形Distortion、坏死Necrosis	+
	珊西烟N. tabacum var. Xanthi nc	花叶Mosaic、泡斑Blistering、畸形Distortion、线形叶Leaf narrowing	+
	三生烟N. tabacum var. Samsun	花叶Mosaic、线性叶Leaf narrowing	+
	心叶烟N. glutinosa	坏死斑Necrosis spot	+
	矮牵牛Petunia hybrida	泡斑Blistering、畸形Distortion	+
	酸浆Physalis alkekengi	褪绿Chlorosis、斑驳Mottle	+
	假酸浆Nicandra physaloides	花叶Mosaic	+
	曼陀罗Datura stramonium	无症状No symptom	-
十字花科 Cruciferae	大白菜Brassica pekinensis	褪绿Chlorosis、轻斑驳Mild mottle	+
	青菜B. chinensis	褪绿Chlorosis、轻斑驳Mild mottle	+
	青花菜B. oleacea var. italica	症状不明显No obvious symptom	+
	花椰菜B. oleracea var. botrytis	症状不明显No obvious symptom	+
	油菜B. campestris	轻斑驳Mild mottle	+
	萝卜Raphanus sativus	轻斑驳Mild mottle	+
葫芦科 Cucurbitaceae	西葫芦Cucurbita pepo	褪绿Chlorosis、轻斑驳Mild mottle	+
	黄瓜Cucumis sativus	症状不明显No obvious symptom	+
	南瓜Cucurbita moschata	症状不明显No obvious symptom	+
	丝瓜Luffa cylindrica	无症状No symptom	-
	苦瓜Momordica charantia	无症状No symptom	-
豆科 Leguminosae	菜豆Phaseolus vulgaris	斑驳Mottle、坏死Necrosis	+
	豇豆Vigna unguiculata	无症状No symptom	-
	豌豆Pisum sativum	无症状No symptom	-
旋花科 Convolvulaceae	蕹菜Ipomoea aquatica	无症状No symptom	-
藜科 Chenopodiaceae	昆诺藜Chenopodium quinoa	无症状No symptom	-

Table 3

Fig. 4

Table 4

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采样地区Sampling area	样品采集数Sampling number	检出数Number of positive	检出率Detection rate (%)
云南Yunnan	847	17	2.01
湖南Hunan	4	4	100.00
西藏Tibet	7	1	14.29
陕西Shaanxi	9	1	11.11
海南Hainan	12	1	8.33
贵州Guizhou、湖北Hubei、河南Henan、山东Shandong、辽宁Liaoning、内蒙古Inner Mongolia、浙江Zhejiang、四川Sichuan	79	0	0
总检出率Total detection rate (%)	958	24	2.51

采样地区Sampling area	样品采集数Sampling number	检出数Number of positive	检出率Detection rate (%)
云南Yunnan	446	5	1.12
辽宁Liaoning	8	6	75.00
内蒙古 Inner Mongolia	6	2	33.33
海南 Hainan	17	5	29.41
陕西Shaanxi、山东Shandong、西藏Tibet、河南Henan	43	0	0
总检出率Total detection rate (%)	520	18	3.46

供试植株 Tested plant	品种 Variety	发病率 Incidence (%)	病情指数 Disease index (DI)	抗性评价 Evaluation of resistance level
辣椒 Pepper	野生小辣椒Wild little pepper	0	0	免疫I
	小米辣Spicy millet	8.33	6.48	高抗HR
	韩国原种朝天椒Korea pod pepper	20.00	7.78	高抗HR
	8819线椒8819 string-pepper	30.77	15.38	抗病R
	金满田Ⅱ号Jinmantian Ⅱ	32.00	16.00	抗病R
	丘北辣 Qiubei pepper	34.15	18.43	抗病R
	日本朝天椒 Japan pod pepper	38.10	21.16	中抗MR
	日本高抗天鹰椒Japan highly resistant tianying pepper	50.00	25.56	中抗MR
	新陇2号 Xinlong 2	100.00	54.25	感病S
	甜椒王Sweet pepper king	90.00	61.11	高感HS
番茄 Tomato	T596小樱桃T596 little cherry	35.85	3.98	高抗HR
	钻红1号Zuan hong 1	38.64	8.84	高抗HR
	T3108	50.00	16.18	抗病R
	TM40456	65.31	23.13	抗病R
	T3068粉果T3068 pink tomato	64.44	28.40	抗病R
	T808	76.09	35.02	中抗MR
	TM3167	61.36	35.61	中抗MR
	宝石F1 Baoshi F1	85.71	42.86	中抗MR
	T367	89.47	57.89	感病S
	T364	91.84	70.52	高感HS

Occurrence and Biological Characteristics of Tomato mottle mosaic virus on Solanaceae Crops in China

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