Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2014, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (17): 3372-3381.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2014.17.005

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY·AGRICULTURE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Adaptation Mechanism to Aquatic Environment of Cotton Seedlings Roots in Floating Nursing Seedlings in Nutrient Water-Bed (FNSNW)

ZHANG Hao, CHEN Jin-xiang, LIU Hai-he, ZHOU Zhong-hua, WANG Feng   

  1. Cotton Research Institute, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128
  • Received:2013-11-05 Online:2014-09-01 Published:2014-01-17

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Abstract: 【Objective】Floating nursing seeding in nutrient water-bed (FNSNW) is a newly developed nursing seedling technique of cotton, but the adaptation mechanism to aquatic environment of roots is not clear. In this study, the possible mechanism of cotton roots adapting to FNSNW was analyzed using root structure, proteomics and the key gene expression.【Method】The matrix seedling method was used as control, ultrastructure and microstructure of main root tip of cotton seedling bred with FNSNW at different seedling stages were observed by transmission electron microscope and optical microscope. Protein difference between the control and aquatic root at the 3-leaf and 1-heart stage in FNSNW was analyzed using two-dimensional electrophoresis analysis. The expression of key genes including alcohol dehydrogenase gene and enolase gene for cotton seedling aquatic roots at different seedling stages and for different tissues of the same seeding at the 3-leaf and 1-heart stage in FNSNW was confirmed by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technology.【Result】In floating nursing seeding in nutrient water-bed (FNSNW), main roots of cotton seedling were found with appearance of aerenchyma. Compared with control, the cortical parenchyma cells of main root in FNSNW were smaller, and the growth of the xylem was weaker. Especially, the conduit diameter and the ratio of the conduit in stele were significantly smaller than the control. For tip cells of main root in FNSNW, there was phenol material at the 1-leaf and 1-heart stage, cortical cell gap at the 2-leaf and 1-heart stage, starch grain at the 3-leaf and 1-heart stage, and crystal cells with plasmolysis in the 4 leaf and 1-heart stage. As the protein two-dimensional electrophoresis results of aquatic roots and control roots at the 3-leaf and 1-heart stage, there were 28 differentially expressed proteins including 20 non-redundant proteins. Protein functional classification indicated that these proteins were related with metabolism, cell structure, cell defense, energy metabolism, protein synthesis and cell growth, and mainly involved in metabolic pathway including glycolysis, ethanol fermentation, and tricarboxylic acid cycle. Compared with control, the expression of alcohol dehydrogenase 2a gene of aquatic root in FNSNW was significantly different with first increase from the 2-leaf and 1-heart stage to the 4-leaf and 1-heart stage and then decrease from the 4-leaf and 1-heart stage to the 5-leaf and 1-heart stage, and the expression of enolase gene was significantly different with decrease from the 1-leaf and 1-heart stage to the 5-leaf and 1-heart stage. For the same cotton seedling in FNSNW at the 3-leaf and 1-heart stage, the relative expressions of these two genes of aquatic roots was significantly different from stem and leaf.【Conclusion】In FNSNW environment, seedlings adapt to the aquatic environment through changes in root structure and gene expression, which may be the adaption mechanism for cotton seedlings bred by FNSNW.

Key words: cotton , floating nursing seedling in nutrient water-bed (FNSNW) , roots structure , proteomics , gene expression analysis , adaptation mechanism

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