Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (17): 3305-3317.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.17.001

• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING·GERMPLASM RESOURCES·MOLECULAR GENETICS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Construction of ms1 Basic Recurrent Populations Adapted to Different Ecological Regions Using Maturity Genes E1 and E2 in Soybean

HU XueJie1,2(), LIU LuPing2(), WANG FengMin2, HAN YuHua2, SUN BinCheng3, MA QiBin4, HUANG ZhiPing5, FENG Yan2, CHEN Qiang2, YANG ChunYan2, ZHANG MengChen2, ZHANG Kai1(), QIN Jun2()   

  1. 1 College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology/Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Hebei Province, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei
    2 Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/National Soybean Improvement Center Shijiazhuang Sub-Center/Huang-Huai-Hai Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding of Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Hebei Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Shijiazhuang 050035
    3 Hulunbuir Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hulunbuir 162650, Inner Mongolia
    4 College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642
    5 Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031
  • Received:2024-02-06 Accepted:2024-04-04 Online:2024-09-01 Published:2024-09-04
  • Contact: ZHANG Kai, QIN Jun

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Abstract:

【Objective】Soybean is a short day crop that is sensitive to photoperiod, and it maybe lead to premature or late flowering when it is planted in different ecological areas. Therefore, in the application of ms1 (male sterility 1) basic population for recurrent selection in different ecological regions, there are problems such as the flowering time unsynchronization between local donor parents and acceptor sterile plants and low introduction rate. The purpose of this study is to construct ms1 basic recurrent population adapted to three ecological regions for improving the probability of flowering time synchronization between donor parents and acceptor sterile plants and reveal the changes of maturity genes E1 and E2 genotypes and phenotype of each population after two rounds of cross-fertilize for providing evidence for improvement of the flowering and maturity time of soybeans.【Method】We used 528 donor parents from different ecological regions and the ms1 basic population as materials. The donor parents were genotyping with the KASP markers of maturity genes E1 and E2 reported by previous research. The donor parents were classified according to E1 and E2 genotypes and mixed with seeds of ms1 basic population respectively, and these populations were planted in different ecological areas according to the suitable genotypes of each region for two rounds of cross-fertilize in two years. Northeast ecological region population was planted in Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia and Chengde, Hebei, respectively. Huang-Huai-Hai ecological region population was planted in Shijiazhuang, Hebei and Xuchang, Henan. South ecological region population was planted in Guangzhou, Guangdong. Seeds harvested from different ms1 populations were planted in Sanya, Hainan every winter. The flowering and maturity time of donor parents and ms1 basic population were investigated, and the proportions of E1 and E2 genotypes in populations of different region were calculated.【Result】According to genotypes of maturity genes E1 and E2, the donor parents were divided into four groups E1E1/E2E2, E1E1/e2e2, e1e1/E2E2 and e1e1/e2e2 with ratios of 12.1%, 65.0%, 19.3%, and 3.6%, respectively. In the ms1 basic population, the late flowering genotype E1E1/E2E2 had the highest proportion (48.6%), and the flowering time of the population was late, mainly concentrated in 45-51 days. After two rounds of import by cross-fertilize, the percentage of target genotype e1e1/e2e2 increased from 33.0% to 51.6% in Hulunbuir of Northeast China, and the percentage of the e1e1/e2e2 genotype increased from 1.6% to 8% in Chengde. The percentage of target genotype e1e1/E2E2 increased from 18% to 23.1% in Shijiazhuang of Huang-Huai-Hai ecological area, and the percentage of E1E1/e2e2 increased from 12.5% to 30% in Xuchang, respectively. The percentage of E1E1/E2E2 remains above 80% in Guangzhou of South ecological region. The proportion of heterozygous genotypes of target imported genotypes was also increasing in the population. After two rounds of cross-fertilize, there were significant differences in flowering time among ms1 populations of different ecological regions, indicating that phenotypes of different populations also changed with the change of genotype of flowering genes.【Conclusion】Importing genotype of donor parents into the ms1 population based on their genotypes of flowering genes can increase the frequency of suitable genotypes in each ecological region, construct ms1 basic recurrent populations adapted to different ecological regions, increase the probability of flower time synchronization of local donor parents and acceptor ms1 sterile plants, achieve open pollination, gene aggregation and accumulation in soybean, and enrich the genetic diversity of the population, further improve breeding efficiency.

Key words: soybean, ms1 basic recurrent population, flowering time, maturity time, E1, E2, KASP

Fig. 1

Phenotype of ms1 male-sterile plant A: Male-sterile plant; B: Cluster pod of sterile plant"

Table 1

The sequences of KASP primer of E1 and E2"

引物
Primer		 序列
Sequence (5′-3′)
E1-as_FAM AAAGGGAGCAGTGTCAAAAGAAGAC
E1-as_VIC AAAGGGAGCAGTGTCAAAAGAAGAG
E1-as_Reverse GTTAGAGGCTTCGCATATGGTGGWTT
E2-as_FAM CCCATCAGAGGCATGTCTTATGA
E2-as_VIC CCCATCAGAGGCATGTCTTATGT
E2-as_Reverse CTGTTTTGTTCTCTAGTGGACTCA

Table 2

E1, E2, E3 and E4 genotypes of donor parents"

基因型
Genotype		 品种数
Number of varieties		 基因型比例
Genotype percentage (%)
E1/e2-ns/E3/E4 341 64.6
e1-as/E2/E3/E4 102 19.3
E1/E2/E3/E4 64 12.1
e1-as/e2-ns/E3/E4 18 3.4
e1-as/e2-ns/e3-tr/E4 1 0.2
E1/e2-ns/e3-tr/E4 2 0.4

Fig. 2

Flowering and maturity time of varieties with different genotypes of E1 and E2 A-B: Flowering time of varieties with different genotypes, A: Shijiazhuang, Hebei, B: Bengbu, Anhui. C-D: Maturity time of varieties with different genotypes, C: Shijiazhuang, Hebei, D: Bengbu, Anhui. Flowering time: Days from VE to R1. Maturity time: Days from VE to R7. The numbers above the boxplot indicate the average values of flowering and maturity time, and the letters indicate the significance of the differences. The same as below"

Fig. 3

Genotype and flowering time of ms1 basic population A-B: Genotyping of E1 and E2 with KASP markers. C: Proportion of each genotype in ms1 basic population. D: Flowering time of ms1 basic population"

Fig. 4

Proportion of different genotypes in ms1 population of Northeast ecological region A: Proportion of different genotypes in ms1 population of Hulunbuir. B: Proportion of different genotypes in ms1 population of Chengde. Genotypes with bold font are the target imported genotypes and their heterozygous. The same as below"

Fig. 5

Proportion of different genotypes in ms1 population of Huang-Huai-Hai ecological region A: Proportion of different genotypes in ms1 population of Shijiazhuang; B: Proportion of different genotypes in ms1 population of Xuchang"

Fig. 6

Proportion of different genotypes in ms1 population of South ecological region"

Fig. 7

Flowering time of ms1 population of different ecological region"

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