长期不同施肥和深翻对玉米高粱轮作体系作物钾利用及土壤钾形态的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.12.010

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The effects of long-term different fertilizations and deep plough on grain yield, potassium utilization, potassium forms in soil profile and non-exchange potassium release in maize-sorghum rotation system was evaluated to provide the theoretical basis for potassium nutrient management. 【Method】The experiment was conducted in Jinzhong city of Shanxi Province from 2011 to 2022. There were 6 treatments: no fertilizer (CK), NP, NPK, straw return and manure (MS), NPK with MS (NPKMS) and NPKMS with deep plough for 30 cm (NPKMSD). The influences of different treatments on grain yield, potassium uptake, potassium apparent utilization efficiency (KUE), potassium agronomy utilization efficiency (KAUE) and kinetics of non-exchange release were investigated. 【Result】Compared with NP and NPK treatments, the accumulative grain yield was increased 6%-8% under MS, NPKMS and NPKMSD, whereas potassium uptake was promoted 22%-43%. Moreover, the values of PAUE produced by NPKMS and NPKMSD were only half under NPK and MS treatments. The available K content of 0-20 cm soil layer under MS, NPKMS and NPKMSD treatments were 2.2 to 2.8 times higher than those under CK, NP and NPK treatments. Meanwhile, the slow available K was increased 8%-10%. The deep plough enhanced available K content of 20-40 cm soil layer. The K uptake aboveground was more related to available K content of both 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layer and slow available K content of 20-40 cm soil layer. When the soil non-exchangeable K was extracted by CaCl₂, the accumulative amount of K released under NPK, MS, NPKMS, and NPKMSD were 1.04, 1.77, 1.99, and 1.81 times than that under NP treatment, respectively, while these values were 1.05, 1.41, 1.85, and 1.63 times under NP treatment when soil non-exchangeable K was extracted by citric acid. 【Conclusion】 Taken together, straw return and manure could activate soil potassium. Thus soil available K content, slow available K content, KUE and KAUE were improved relative to NPK treatments when total potassium input was comparative for 12-years. NPK with MS treatments could induce potassium luxury absorption and resulted in low values of KUE and KAUE. Deep plough could increase subsoil available K content, but its impact on accumulative grain yield was not noticed. Straw return and manure increased cumulative non-exchangeable potassium release amount and release rates. Therefore long-term combination of straw return and appropriate amount manure could substitute chemical potassium fertilizer.

Key words: long-term fertilization, deep plough, potassium balance of soil, potassium forms, soil non-exchangeable potassium release, maize-sorghum rotation, straw return, manure

YANG WenHui, LUO HaoCheng, DONG ErWei, WANG JinSong, WANG Yuan, LIU QiuXia, HUANG XiaoLei, JIAO XiaoYan. Effects of Long-Term Fertilization and Deep Plough on Crop Potassium Utilization and Soil Potassium Forms in Maize-Sorghum Rotation System[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(12): 2390-2403.

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1

Fig. 1

Table 2

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Table 3

Table 4

Fitting model of non-exchangeable K release under different extractants"

浸提剂 Extractant	土壤深度 Soil depth (cm)	处理 Treatment	一级动力学方程 First-order reaction						抛物线扩散 Parabolic diffusion						零级反应 Zero-order reaction
			0-49 h		49-241 h		0-241 h		0-49 h		49-241 h		0-241 h		0-49 h		49-241 h		0-241 h
			R²	SE	R²	SE	R²	SE	R²	SE	R²	SE	R²	SE	R²	SE	R²	SE	R²	SE
氯化钙 CaCl₂	0-20	CK	0.9668	4.72	0.9393	5.99	0.9536	7.30	0.9992	1.05	0.9922	1.97	0.9966	2.06	0.9174	7.26	0.9769	5.08	0.9152	10.81
		NP	0.9709	3.74	0.9462	4.50	0.9643	5.31	0.9978	1.37	0.9809	2.94	0.9921	3.13	0.9327	6.22	0.9703	5.96	0.8993	11.44
		NPK	0.9812	3.13	0.9570	4.65	0.9691	5.98	0.9983	1.09	0.9852	2.69	0.9938	2.80	0.9454	5.57	0.9734	5.90	0.9085	11.03
		MS	0.9833	5.22	0.9431	8.63	0.9624	9.19	0.9977	2.98	0.9892	3.08	0.9935	4.53	0.9481	9.85	0.9896	8.02	0.8975	19.38
		NPKMS	0.9938	4.15	0.9466	9.76	0.9643	10.22	0.9971	3.45	0.9936	2.70	0.9946	4.66	0.9590	9.75	0.9874	8.29	0.8974	21.28
		NPKMSD	0.9911	4.05	0.9100	11.97	0.9379	11.99	0.9929	3.19	0.9967	1.89	0.9980	2.52	0.9588	8.66	0.9965	4.84	0.9253	16.64
		平均 Mean	0.9812	4.17	0.9404	7.58	0.9586	8.33	0.9972	2.19	0.9896	2.55	0.9948	3.28	0.9436	7.89	0.9823	6.35	0.9072	15.10
	20-40	CK	0.9655	3.75	0.9400	5.17	0.9565	6.10	0.9999	0.79	0.9918	1.84	0.9968	1.85	0.9282	6.09	0.9654	3.95	0.9151	9.91
		NP	0.9879	2.62	0.9320	5.52	0.9519	6.87	0.9955	1.73	0.9862	2.61	0.9941	2.76	0.9564	5.12	0.9548	4.92	0.9093	11.27
		NPK	0.9771	3.23	0.9574	4.78	0.9687	5.62	0.9981	0.75	0.9892	2.05	0.9956	2.08	0.9374	5.44	0.9624	3.98	0.9124	9.74
		MS	0.9914	2.64	0.9568	5.37	0.9705	5.78	0.9946	2.13	0.9929	1.99	0.9947	2.84	0.9581	5.72	0.9653	4.47	0.9016	12.59
		NPKMS	0.9972	1.52	0.9446	6.78	0.9587	8.38	0.9877	3.08	0.9912	2.26	0.9940	3.10	0.9729	4.68	0.9599	4.92	0.9005	12.92
		NPKMSD	0.9898	2.95	0.8920	8.89	0.9236	9.66	0.9965	2.12	0.9952	1.66	0.9961	2.76	0.9557	6.52	0.9758	3.97	0.9032	13.18
		平均	0.9848	2.79	0.9371	6.09	0.9550	7.07	0.9954	1.77	0.9911	2.07	0.9952	2.57	0.9515	5.59	0.9639	4.37	0.9070	11.60
柠檬酸 Citric acid	0-20	CK	0.9820	4.95	0.9315	19.25	0.9309	25.71	0.9296	8.81	0.9967	3.33	0.9716	13.88	0.9810	4.88	0.9925	5.45	0.9842	10.46
		NP	0.9979	1.45	0.9228	18.45	0.9231	23.89	0.9729	5.69	0.9970	3.30	0.9712	12.90	0.9906	3.11	0.9955	3.94	0.9889	8.14
		NPK	0.9718	5.50	0.9073	18.24	0.9226	21.65	0.9355	10.13	0.9936	4.37	0.9805	11.52	0.9792	4.95	0.9960	3.69	0.9804	11.12
		MS	0.9989	1.64	0.9241	22.70	0.9271	31.49	0.9747	8.23	0.9988	1.77	0.9829	13.71	0.9905	4.52	0.9875	8.39	0.9778	15.26
		NPKMS	0.9999	1.71	0.9419	24.80	0.9466	35.45	0.9636	12.94	0.9976	4.26	0.9902	13.06	0.9929	5.71	0.9763	14.41	0.9586	27.49
		NPKMSD	0.9982	2.58	0.9275	25.00	0.9356	33.09	0.9502	13.21	0.9992	1.93	0.9885	11.80	0.9959	3.17	0.9856	9.78	0.9647	21.97
		平均 Mean	0.9914	2.97	0.9258	21.41	0.9310	28.55	0.9544	9.84	0.9972	3.16	0.9808	12.81	0.9884	4.39	0.9889	7.61	0.9758	15.74
	20-40	CK	0.9911	366.40	0.9228	19.06	0.9234	24.28	0.9906	3.69	0.9937	4.91	0.9658	14.82	0.9748	5.06	0.9974	3.13	0.9929	6.69
		NP	0.9796	380.43	0.9220	20.10	0.9228	25.80	0.9943	3.20	0.9955	3.90	0.9738	13.66	0.9536	7.54	0.9961	3.91	0.9881	8.94
		NPK	0.9956	333.57	0.9141	17.39	0.9198	21.98	0.9632	5.51	0.9946	3.95	0.9704	12.45	0.9909	2.85	0.9968	3.16	0.9898	7.37
		MS	0.9994	363.69	0.9100	18.51	0.9172	24.02	0.9720	6.14	0.9964	3.15	0.9761	12.44	0.9912	3.25	0.9937	4.74	0.9855	9.73
		NPKMS	0.9998	331.77	0.9155	18.32	0.9226	22.19	0.9615	6.72	0.9880	4.63	0.9734	11.37	0.9925	3.12	0.9909	5.22	0.9815	10.09
		NPKMSD	0.9965	398.25	0.9303	19.47	0.9346	25.23	0.9804	5.64	0.9985	2.17	0.9843	11.03	0.9795	5.88	0.9917	5.91	0.9773	13.36
		平均 Mean	0.9937	362.35	0.9191	18.81	0.9234	23.92	0.9770	5.15	0.9945	3.78	0.9740	12.63	0.9804	4.62	0.9944	4.34	0.9858	9.36

Table 4

References 51

[1]	REGMI A, LADHA J, PASUQUIN E, PATHAK H, HOBBS P, SHRESTHA L, GHARTI D, DUVEILLER E. The role of potassium in sustaining yields in a long-term rice-wheat experiment in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of Nepal. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2002, 36(3): 240-247.
[2]	WANG X S, MI X T, SUN L Q, HE G, WANG Z H. Straw return cannot prevent soil potassium depletion in wheat fields of drylands. European Journal of Agronomy, 2023, 143: 126728.
[3]	RÖMHELD V, KIRKBY E A. Research on potassium in agriculture: needs and prospects. Plant and Soil, 2010, 335(1): 155-180.
[4]	汪宁. 浅议我国钾肥生产技术现状及未来展望. 中国石油和化工标准与质量, 2020, 40(21): 160-161, 164.
	WANG N. Discussion on the present situation and future prospect of potash fertilizer production technology in China. China Petroleum and Chemical Standard and Quality, 2020, 40(21): 160-161, 164. (in Chinese)
[5]	周月, 武娜, 孙小虹. 2020年我国钾肥行业运行情况及2021年预测. 磷肥与复肥, 2021, 36(8): 1-4.
	ZHOU Y, WU N, SUN X H. The operation of China.s potash fertilizer industry in 2020 and the forecast for 2021. Phosphate & Compound Fertilizer, 2021, 36(8): 1-4. (in Chinese)
[6]	农业部新闻办公室. 我国主要农作物秸秆综合利用率超过80%[EB/OL]. http://www.moa.gov.cn/zwllm/zwdt/201605/t20160526_5151375.htm 2016-05-26.
	News Office of Ministry of Agriculture. The comprehensive utilization rate of main crop straw was over 80 percent[EB/OL]. http://www.moa.gov.cn/zwllm/zwdt/201605/t20160526_5151375.htm 2016-05-26. (in Chinese)
[7]	高静, 朱捷, 黄益国, 张明, 张瑞春, 彭亚琼. 农作物秸秆还田研究进展. 作物研究, 2019, 33(6): 597-602.
	GAO J, ZHU J, HUANG Y G, ZHANG M, ZHANG R C, PENG Y Q. Discussion on the utilization methods of straw. Crop Research, 2019, 33(6): 597-602. (in Chinese)
[8]	BAI Y L, WANG L, LU Y L, YANG L P, ZHOU L P, NI L, CHENG M F. Effects of long-term full straw return on yield and potassium response in wheat-maize rotation. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2015, 14(12): 2467-2476.
[9]	SINGH V K, DWIVEDI B S, SINGH S K, MISHRA R P, SHUKLA A K, RATHORE S S, SHEKHAWAT K, MAJUMDAR K, JAT M L. Effect of tillage and crop establishment, residue management and K fertilization on yield, K use efficiency and apparent K balance under rice-maize system in north-western India. Field Crops Research, 2018, 224: 1-12.
[10]	YUAN G Y, HUAN W W, SONG H, LU D J, CHEN X Q, WANG H Y, ZHOU J M. Effects of straw incorporation and potassium fertilizer on crop yields, soil organic carbon, and active carbon in the rice-wheat system. Soil and Tillage Research, 2021, 209: 104958.
[11]	李廷亮, 王宇峰, 王嘉豪, 栗丽, 谢钧宇, 李丽娜, 黄晓磊, 谢英荷. 我国主要粮食作物秸秆还田养分资源量及其对小麦化肥减施的启示. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(23): 4835-4854. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.23.010.
	LI T L, WANG Y F, WANG J H, LI L, XIE J Y, LI L N, HUANG X L, XIE Y H. Nutrient resource quantity from main grain crop straw incorporation and its enlightenment on chemical fertilizer reduction in wheat production in China. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(23): 4835-4854. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.23.010. (in Chinese)
[12]	ZHU D D, CONG R H, REN T, LU Z F, LU J W, LI X K. Straw incorporation improved the adsorption of potassium by increasing the soil humic acid in macroaggregates. Journal of Environmental Management, 2022, 310: 114665.
[13]	王宏庭, 金继运, 王斌, 赵萍萍. 山西褐土长期施钾和秸秆还田对冬小麦产量和钾素平衡的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2010, 16(4): 801-808.
	WANG H T, JIN J Y, WANG B, ZHAO P P. Effects of long-term potassium application and wheat straw return to cinnamon soil on wheat yields and soil potassium balance in Shanxi. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2010, 16(4): 801-808. (in Chinese)
[14]	解文艳, 周怀平, 杨振兴, 路慧英, 关春林, 武文丽. 秸秆还田方式对褐土钾素平衡与钾库容量的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2015. 21(04): 936-942. doi:10.11674/zwyf.2015.0412.
	XIE W Y, ZHOU H P, YANG Z X, LU H Y, GUAN C L, WU W L. Effects of straw return modes on potassium balance and potassium pool in cinnamon soil. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2015, 21(4): 936-942. doi:10.11674/zwyf.2015.0412. (in Chinese)
[15]	ZHANG Z Y, LIU D B, WU M Q, XIA Y, ZHANG F L, FAN X P. Long-term straw returning improve soil K balance and potassium supplying ability under rice and wheat cultivation. Scientific Reports, 2021, 11: 22260. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-01594-8 pmid: 34782658
[16]	席凯鹏, 杨苏龙, 席吉龙, 李永山, 张建诚, 武雪萍. 长期棉花秸秆配施有机肥对土壤理化性质及棉花产量的影响. 中国土壤与肥料, 2022(7): 82-90.
	XI K P, YANG S L, XI J L, LI Y S, ZHANG J C, WU X P. Effects of long-term cotton straw incorporation and manure application on soil characters and cotton yield. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China, 2022(7): 82-90. (in Chinese)
[17]	CHU H Y, FUJII T, MORIMOTO S, LIN X G, YAGI K, HU J L, ZHANG J B. Community structure of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria under long-term application of mineral fertilizer and organic manure in a sandy loam soil. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2007, 73(2): 485-491. pmid: 17098920
[18]	蒋发辉, 钱泳其, 郭自春, 高磊, 张中彬, 曹振, 国佳欣, 刘峰, 彭新华. 基于Meta分析评价东北黑土地保护性耕作与深耕的区域适宜性:以作物产量为例. 土壤学报, 2022, 59(4): 935-952.
	JIANG F H, QIAN Y Q, GUO Z C, GAO L, ZHANG Z B, CAO Z, GUO J X, LIU F, PENG X H. Evaluating the regional suitability of conservation tillage and deep tillage based on crop yield in the black soil of northeast China: a meta-analysis. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2022, 59(4): 935-952. (in Chinese)
[19]	BOGUNOVIC I, PEREIRA P, KISIC I, SAJKO K, SRAKA M. Tillage management impacts on soil compaction, erosion and crop yield in Stagnosols (Croatia). CATENA, 2018, 160: 376-384.
[20]	田平, 姜英, 孙悦, 马梓淇, 隋鹏祥, 梅楠, 齐华. 不同还田方式对玉米秸秆腐解及土壤养分含量的影响. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2019, 27(1): 100-108.
	TIAN P, JIANG Y, SUN Y, MA Z Q, SUI P X, MEI N, QI H. Effect of straw return methods on maize straw decomposition and soil nutrients contents. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2019, 27(1): 100-108. (in Chinese)
[21]	李纯燕, 杨恒山, 萨如拉, 张瑞富, 曹倩, 张丽娟. 不同耕作措施下秸秆还田对土壤速效养分和微生物量的影响. 水土保持学报, 2017, 31(1): 197-201, 210.
	LI C Y, YANG H S, SA R L, ZHANG R F, CAO Q, ZHANG L J. Effect of straw returning on soil available nutrients and microbe biomass under different tillage methods. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2017, 31(1): 197-201, 210. (in Chinese)
[22]	LIU K L, HAN T, HUANG J, HUANG Q H, LI D M, HU Z H, YU X C, MUHAMMAD Q, AHMED W, HU H W, ZHANG H M. Response of soil aggregate-associated potassium to long-term fertilization in red soil. Geoderma, 2019, 352: 160-170.
[23]	侯云鹏, 刘志全, 尹彩侠, 孔丽丽, 李前, 张磊, 王立春, 徐新朋. 长期秸秆还田下基于东北水稻高产和钾素平衡的钾肥用量研究. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2020, 26(11): 2020-2031.
	HOU Y P, LIU Z Q, YIN C X, KONG L L, LI Q, ZHANG L, WANG L C, XU X P. Optimum amount of potassium fertilizer based on high yield and soil potassium balance under straw return in rice production region of northeast China. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2020, 26(11): 2020-2031. (in Chinese)
[24]	LI X S, LI Y F, WU T Q, QU C Y, NING P, SHI J L, TIAN X H. Potassium fertilization combined with crop straw incorporation alters soil potassium fractions and availability in northwest China: an incubation study. PLoS ONE, 2020, 15(7): e0236634.
[25]	殷志遥, 黄丽, 薛斌, 黄雅楠, 李小坤, 鲁剑巍. 连续秸秆还田对水稻土中钾素形态的影响. 土壤通报, 2017, 48(2): 351-358.
	YIN Z Y, HUANG L, XUE B, HUANG Y N, LI X K, LU J W. Effect of continuous straw incorporation on forms of potassium in the paddy soils. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2017, 48(2): 351-358. (in Chinese)
[26]	NISHANTH D, BISWAS D R. Kinetics of phosphorus and potassium release from rock phosphate and waste mica enriched compost and their effect on yield and nutrient uptake by wheat (Triticum aestivum). Bioresource Technology, 2008, 99(9): 3342-3353. pmid: 17905580
[27]	HOSSEINPUR A R, MOTAGHIAN H R. Application of kinetic models in describing soil potassium release characteristics and their correlations with potassium extracted by chemical methods. Pedosphere, 2013, 23(4): 482-492.
[28]	SRINIVASARAO C, RUPA T R, SUBBA RAO A, RAMESH G, BANSAL S K. Release kinetics of nonexchangeable potassium by different extractants from soils of varying mineralogy and depth. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2006, 37(3/4): 473-491.
[29]	ZAREIAN G, FARPOOR M H, HEJAZI-MEHRIZI M, JAFARI A. Kinetics of non-exchangeable potassium release in selected soil orders of southern Iran. Soil and Water Research, 2018, 13(4): 200-207.
[30]	杨雅, 夏贤格, 范先鹏, 夏颖, 张富林, 刘冬碧, 吴茂前, 张志毅. 长期秸秆还田提升稻麦轮作系统土壤供钾容量和强度. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2022, 28(4): 589-597.
	YANG Y, XIA X G, FAN X P, XIA Y, ZHANG F L, LIU D B, WU M Q, ZHANG Z Y. Long-term straw returning increase the capacity and intensity of soil potassium supply in a rice and wheat rotation system. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2022, 28(4): 589-597. (in Chinese)
[31]	RAO C S, SWARUP A, RAO A S, GOPAL V R. Kinetics of nonexchangeable potassium release from a Tropaquept as influenced by long-term cropping, fertilisation, and manuring. Soil Research, 1999, 37(2): 317.
[32]	QIU S H, XIE J G, ZHAO S C, XU X P, HOU Y P, WANG X F, ZHOU W, HE P, JOHNSTON A M, CHRISTIE P, JIN J Y. Long-term effects of potassium fertilization on yield, efficiency, and soil fertility status in a rain-fed maize system in northeast China. Field Crops Research, 2014, 163: 1-9. doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2014.04.016.
[33]	HE C E, OUYANG Z, TIAN Z R, SCHAFFER H D. Yield and potassium balance in a wheat-maize cropping system of the North China plain. Agronomy Journal, 2012, 104(4): 1016-1022.
[34]	马悦, 田怡, 牟文燕, 张学美, 张露露, 于杰, 李永华, 王浩琳, 何刚, 石美, 王朝辉, 邱炜红. 北方麦区小麦产量与籽粒氮磷钾含量对监控施钾和土壤速效钾的响应. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(16): 3155-3169. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.16.008.
	MA Y, TIAN Y, MU W Y, ZHANG X M, ZHANG L L, YU J, LI Y H, WANG H L, HE G, SHI M, WANG Z H, QIU W H. Response of wheat yield and grain nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations to test-integrated potassium application and soil available potassium in northern wheat production regions of China. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(16): 3155-3169. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.16.008. (in Chinese)
[35]	王劲松, 白歌, 张艳慧, 申甜雨, 董二伟, 焦晓燕. 长期不同施肥处理对高粱花后叶片衰老、抗氧化酶活性及产量的影响. 作物学报, 2023, 49(3): 845-855. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.24092
	WANG J S, BAI G, ZHANG Y H, SHEN T Y, DONG E W, JIAO X Y. Impacts of long-term fertilization on post-anthesis leaf senescence, antioxidant enzyme activities and yield in sorghum. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2023, 49(3): 845-855. (in Chinese)
[36]	郭鑫年, 蒙静, 田旭东, 周涛, 梁锦秀, 陈刚, 孙娇, 尹志荣, 纪立东. 钾肥用量对水稻钾素分配累积、钾肥利用效率及平衡的影响. 中国土壤与肥料, 2019(6): 154-160.
	GUO X N, MENG J, TIAN X D, ZHOU T, LIANG J X, CHEN G, SUN J, YIN Z R, JI L D. Effects of potassium application on the distribution, utilization efficiency of potassium in rice and soil potassium balance. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China, 2019(6): 154-160. (in Chinese)
[37]	刘娜, 谢畅, 黄海云, 姚瑞, 徐爽, 宋海玲, 于海秋, 赵新华, 王婧, 蒋春姬, 王晓光. 施钾量对花生根系和根瘤特性、养分吸收及产量的影响. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(4): 635-648. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.04.004.
	LIU N, XIE C, HUANG H Y, YAO R, XU S, SONG H L, YU H Q, ZHAO X H, WANG J, JIANG C J, WANG X G. Effects of potassium application on root and nodule characteristics, nutrient uptake and yield of peanut. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(4): 635-648. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.04.004. (in Chinese)
[38]	ROBINSON J B. Development of K-Fertilizer Recommendations.Proceedings of 22nd Colloquium of the International Potash Institute.[C]. Bern, Switzerland: international Potash Institute,1990.
[39]	KIRKMAN J H, BASKER A, SURAPANENI A, MACGREGOR A N. Potassium in the soils of New Zealand—a review. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 1994, 37(2): 207-227.
[40]	李娜, 韩晓日, 杨劲峰, 刘宁, 李巧宁, 房大伟. 长期施肥对棕壤矿物吸附点位钾有效性及其剖面分布的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2012, 18(6): 1412-1417.
	LI N, HAN X R, YANG J F, LIU N, LI Q N, FANG D W. Effects of long-term fertilization on the availability of K adsorbed by clay minerals and profile distribution in brown soil. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2012, 18(6): 1412-1417. (in Chinese)
[41]	柳开楼, 黄晶, 叶会财, 韩苗, 韩天富, 宋惠洁, 胡志华, 胡丹丹, 李大明, 余喜初, 黄庆海, 李文军, 陈国钧. 长期施钾对双季玉米钾素吸收利用和土壤钾素平衡的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2020, 26(12): 2235-2245.
	LIU K L, HUANG J, YE H C, HAN M, HAN T F, SONG H J, HU Z H, HU D D, LI D M, YU X C, HUANG Q H, LI W J, CHEN G J. Effects of long-term potassium fertilization on potassium uptake, utilization and soil potassium balance in double maize cropping system. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2020, 26(12): 2235-2245. (in Chinese)
[42]	LI C Z, ZHAO X L, LIU X W, LU D, CHEN X Q, WANG H Y, ZHOU J M. Rice and wheat yield and soil potassium changes in response to potassium management in two soil types. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 2020, 117: 121-130.
[43]	ZHAO Z H, GAO S F, LU C Y, LI X Y, LI F, WANG T Y. Effects of different tillage and fertilization management practices on soil organic carbon and aggregates under the rice-wheat rotation system. Soil and Tillage Research, 2021, 212: 105071.
[44]	WANG Y L, WU P N, MEI F J, LING Y, QIAO Y B, LIU C S, LEGHARI S J, GUAN X K, WANG T C. Does continuous straw returning keep China farmland soil organic carbon continued increase? A meta-analysis. Journal of Environmental Management, 2021, 288: 112391.
[45]	LING J, ZHOU J, WU G, ZHAO D Q, WANG Z T, WEN Y, ZHOU S L. Deep-injected straw incorporation enhances subsoil quality and wheat productivity. Plant and Soil, 2022: 1-14.
[46]	ZHU D D, ZHANG J L, WANG Z, MUHAMMAD R K, LU J W, LI X K. Soil available potassium affected by rice straw incorporation and potassium fertilizer application under a rice-oilseed rape rotation system. Soil Use and Management, 2019, 35(3): 503-510.
[47]	李华伟, 司纪升, 徐月, 李升东, 吴建军, 王法宏. 栽培技术优化对冬小麦根系垂直分布及活性的调控. 作物学报, 2015, 41(7): 1136-1144.
	LI H W, SI J S, XU Y, LI S D, WU J J, WANG F H. Regulative effect of optimized cultivation practice to the root vertical distribution and activity in winter wheat. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2015, 41(7): 1136-1144. (in Chinese)
[48]	姜佰文, 于士源, 杨贺淇, 邵慧, 刘丽红, 刘俊辉, 梁源, 迟海航, 刘国辉. 增密种植条件下苗期深松与氮肥侧深施对玉米根系生长与氮效率的影响. 东北农业大学学报, 2023, 54(6): 1-9, 19.
	JIANG B W, YU S Y, YANG H Q, SHAO H, LIU L H, LIU J H, LIANG Y, CHI H H, LIU G H. Effects of deep loosening and N side-deep fertilization during seedling stage on root growth of field-grown maize under high planting density. Journal of Northeast Agricultural University, 2023, 54(6): 1-9, 19. (in Chinese)
[49]	樊芳芳, 王劲松, 董二伟, 焦晓燕, 丁玉川, 武爱莲, 郭珺, 王立革. 连作对高粱生长及根区土壤环境的影响. 中国土壤与肥料, 2016(3): 127-133.
	FAN F F, WANG J S, DONG E W, JIAO X Y, DING Y C, WU A L, GUO J, WANG L G. Effects of sorghum continuous cropping on the growth of sorghum and soil environment. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China, 2016(3): 127-133. (in Chinese)
[50]	王瑾, 李小坤, 鲁剑巍, 王筝, 占丽平. 不同酸提取条件下几种含钾矿物中钾释放动力学研究. 中国农业科学, 2012, 45(22): 4643-4650. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.22.010.
	WANG J, LI X K, LU J W, WANG Z, ZHAN L P. Study on potassium release kinetics of several K-bearing minerals by sequential extraction of different acid solution. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012, 45(22): 4643-4650. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.22.010. (in Chinese)
[51]	GUO X Y, WANG H, YU Q, AHMAD N, LI J, WANG R, WANG X L. Subsoiling and plowing rotation increase soil C and N storage and crop yield on a semiarid Loess Plateau. Soil and Tillage Research, 2022, 221: 105413.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

Comments

Recommended 0

No Suggested Reading articles found!

年度 Year	秸秆还田量 The amount of straw returned to the field (kg·hm^-2)						秸秆钾含量 K content of straw (%)
年度 Year	CK	NP	NPK	MS	NPKMS	NPKMSD	CK	NP	NPK	MS	NPKMS	NPKMSD
2011	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
2012	0	0	0	5771.70	5960.95	6055.55	0	0	0	1.14	1.14	1.14
2013	0	0	0	9960.15	11064.80	11165.00	0	0	0	1.24	1.93	1.80
2014	0	0	0	7032.10	8305.75	8276.05	0	0	0	0.75	0.94	0.97
2015	0	0	0	9013.95	9562.60	9919.20	0	0	0	2.24	2.93	2.80
2016	0	0	0	5847.50	6227.10	6220.30	0	0	0	1.71	1.82	1.74
2017	0	0	0	4888.35	5613.15	4973.30	0	0	0	2.12	2.52	2.37
2018	0	0	0	7572.45	7278.95	8446.60	0	0	0	1.84	1.87	1.73
2019	0	0	0	5752.35	4860.75	5710.55	0	0	0	3.89	3.30	3.68
2020	0	0	0	6327.45	6087.15	5375.50	0	0	0	1.68	2.12	1.81
2021	0	0	0	6247.80	6509.30	6141.70	0	0	0	2.67	2.53	2.92
2022	0	0	0	6457.45	6257.65	6725.65	0	0	0	2.35	2.83	2.33
2011- 2022	0	0	0	74871.25	77728.15	79009.40	0	0	0	1.92	2.14	2.08

处理 Treatment	钾素投入总量 Total K input (kg·hm^-2)	钾素输出总量 Total K output (kg·hm^-2)	钾素表观平衡量 Apparent K balance (kg·hm^-2)	钾利用效率 K utilization efficiency (%)	钾素农学利用效率 Agronomic utilization efficiency of K (kg·kg^-1)
CK	0	1337.85±18.8c	-1337.85±18.84d	-	-
NP	0	1861.10±9.81b	-1861.10±9.81e	-	-
NPK	743.76	1910.20±15.83a	-1166.44±15.83c	7.34±2.25c	15.88±0.09a
MS	825.93	678.85±8.77e	147.08±8.77b	58.96±1.49a	15.26±0.03a
NPKMS	1569.69	734.95±1.75d	834.74±1.75a	49.39±2.95b	8.14±0.05b
NPKMSD	1569.69	700.10±5.29de	869.59±5.29a	45.57±1.50b	8.02±0.02b

浸提剂 Extractant	土壤深度 Soil depth (cm)	处理 Treatment	累计释放量 Cumulative release amount (mg·kg^-1)			释放速率 Release rate (mg·kg^-1·d^-1)
浸提剂 Extractant	土壤深度 Soil depth (cm)	处理 Treatment	T1	T2	T	T1	T2	T
氯化钙 CaCl₂	0-20	CK	121.91c	70.30b	192.20c	59.71c	8.79b	19.14c
		NP	112.45c	67.67b	180.13c	55.08c	8.46b	17.94c
		NPK	118.01c	69.95b	187.96c	57.80c	8.74b	18.72c
		MS	208.30b	111.03a	319.33b	102.03b	13.88a	31.80b
		NPKMS	240.42a	119.04a	359.46a	117.75a	14.88a	35.80a
		NPKMSD	212.05b	115.29a	327.35ab	103.86b	14.41a	32.60ab
		平均Mean	168.86	92.21	261.07	82.71	11.53	26.00
	20-40	CK	104.72c	64.95a	169.67c	51.29c	8.12a	16.90c
		NP	111.93bc	70.60a	182.53bc	54.82bc	8.82a	18.18bc
		NPK	103.77c	62.70a	166.48c	50.83c	7.84a	16.58c
		MS	130.88ab	73.21a	204.09ab	64.10ab	9.15a	20.32ab
		NPKMS	135.10a	73.46a	208.57ab	66.17a	9.18a	20.77ab
		NPKMSD	145.22a	75.58a	220.80a	71.13a	9.45a	21.99a
		平均Mean	121.94	70.08	192.02	59.72	8.76	19.12
柠檬酸 Citric acid	0-20	CK	141.81c	188.73c	330.54d	69.46c	23.59c	32.92d
		NP	129.73c	174.71c	304.44d	63.54c	21.84c	30.32d
		NPK	145.49c	173.83c	319.32d	71.26c	21.73c	31.80d
		MS	207.45b	222.58b	430.03c	101.61b	27.82b	42.82c
		NPKMS	285.37a	278.03a	563.40a	139.77a	34.75a	56.11a
		NPKMSD	253.51a	241.30b	494.80b	124.17a	30.16b	49.28b
		平均Mean	193.89	213.20	407.09	94.97	26.65	40.54
	20-40	CK	129.43b	185.62ab	315.05bc	63.39c	23.20ab	31.37bc
		NP	144.28b	190.39a	334.67ab	70.67bc	23.80ab	33.33ab
		NPK	128.83b	166.77ab	295.60c	63.10c	20.85bc	29.44c
		MS	143.62b	180.15ab	323.77bc	70.34bc	22.52abc	32.24bc
		NPKMS	150.41b	159.77b	310.18bc	73.67b	19.97c	30.89bc
		NPKMSD	173.05a	192.51a	365.56a	84.76a	24.06a	36.40a
		平均Mean	144.94	179.20	324.14	70.99	22.40	32.28

Effects of Long-Term Fertilization and Deep Plough on Crop Potassium Utilization and Soil Potassium Forms in Maize-Sorghum Rotation System

RichHTML

PDF

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 8

References 51

Related Articles 15

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 0

[1]	XU YangHaoJun, CHEN LiMing, YANG ShiQi, TANG YiFan, TAN XueMing, ZENG YongJun, PAN XiaoHua, ZENG YanHua. Effects of Long-Term Different Straw Returning Methods on Soil Organic Carbon, Nutrients and Aggregate Formation in Different Soil Layers of Double Cropping Rice Field [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(7): 1492-1506.
[2]	LI XingYu, HUANG Rong, XIAN YiMing, TIAN JiaoJiao, MA XiaoJin, YANG QiaoXi, LI Bing, WANG ChangQuan. Characteristics of Organic Carbon Fractions and Carbon Dioxide Emissions of Different Size Aggregates in Rice Field Soils in Response to Long-Term Fertilization [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(6): 1255-1271.
[3]	WEI YuanHui, YU YiHui, LI ZiJun, DING WenJie, TU WenLong, MAO YanLing. Effects of Long-Term Fertilization on Soil Organic Carbon Structure and Carbon-Fixing Bacterial Community Structure in Yellow-Mud Paddy Soil [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(5): 1020-1033.
[4]	LIU MengYang, LIU Jie, CHEN Xiang, WANG QingYun, LUO LaiChao, QI YongBo, TIAN Da, LI JinCai, CHAI RuShan. Effects of Long-Term Straw Return on Distribution of Aggregates and Phosphorus Fractions in Shajiang Black Soil [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(3): 575-588.
[5]	WANG RenZhuo, LI YueYing, HUANG ShaoMin, JIANG GuiYing, ZHANG Qi, LIU ChaoLin, YANG Jin, WANG MengRu, WANG BeiBei, LIU Fang, GUO DouDou, JIE XiaoLei, SONG Lian, LIU ShiLiang. Effects of Long-Term Combination of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Bacterial Community Structure, Ecological Network, and Key Species in Fluvo-Aquic Soil [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(2): 354-367.
[6]	LU Hao, ZHANG MingLong, HAN Mei, YAN QingBiao, LI ZhengPeng, YIN Wen, FAN ZhiLong, HU FaLong, CHAI Qiang. Green Manure Returning via Sheep Digest with Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction are Beneficial to Improve Wheat Yield and Soil Quality at Qinghai-Tibet Plateau [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(1): 147-160.
[7]	ZHANG HaoXin, YU ShengYue, LEI QiuLiang, DU XinZhong, ZHANG Jizong, AN MiaoYing, FAN BingQian, LUO JiaFa, LIU HongBin. Simulating Soil Organic Carbon Dynamic Changes in Dryland and Paddy Field of Northeast China Using RothC Model [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(8): 1564-1578.
[8]	BAI YuXin, LIU LingZhi, AN TingTing, LI ShuangYi, WANG JingKuan. Eeffects of Long-Term Fertilization on Bacterial Community Structure and Carbon Metabolic Functions in Brown Soil [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(8): 1579-1590.
[9]	YIN Bo, YU AiZhong, WANG PengFei, YANG XueHui, WANG YuLong, SHANG YongPan, ZHANG DongLing, LIU YaLong, LI Yue, WANG Feng. Effects of Green Manure Returning Combined with Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction on Hydrothermal Characteristics of Wheat Field and Grain Yield in Oasis Irrigation Area [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(7): 1366-1380.
[10]	QIU HaiLong, LI Pan, ZHANG DianKai, FAN ZhiLong, HU FaLong, CHEN GuiPing, FAN Hong, HE Wei, YIN Wen, ZHAO LianHao. Compensatory Effects of Multiple Cropping Green Manure on Growth and Yield Loss of Nitrogen-Reduced Spring Wheat in Oasis Irrigation Areas of Northwest China [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(3): 443-459.
[11]	FANG KangRui, DING ShiJie, CHEN YuShan, YANG BingGeng, GUO TengFei, XU XinPeng, ZHAO ShiCheng, WANG XiuBin, HUANG ShaoMin, QIU ShaoJun, HE Ping, ZHOU Wei. In-Season Release Rate of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Manure Fertilizers During the Wheat Season in Typical Fluvo-Aquic Soil Under the Combined Application of Chemical and Manure Fertilizers [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(24): 5234-5246.
[12]	ZHANG MingLong, CHAI Qiang, HAN Mei, FAN ZhiLong, YIN Wen, FAN Hong, HE Wei, SUN YaLi, HU FaLong, TAN Yan. Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction and Green Manure Mixed Cropping on Soil Quality and Wheat Yield [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(22): 4718-4731.
[13]	YU Ru, LI YuYi, CAO JuFeng, MA Jun, CHANG FangDi, SONG JiaShen, ZHANG HongYuan, LI XiaoBin, LI HaoRuo, ZHANG Hua, WANG Jing. Effects of Fertilization Management on Soil Carbon Fractions and Crop Yield of Post-Wheat Green Manure Rotation in Saline-Alkali Soils [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(20): 4189-4202.
[14]	JIN XiaoYing, XIAO BingZheng, ZHANG TianJin, LIU ZhongKuan, FENG Wei, DU ZhangLiu. Winter Green Manure Enhances Soil Aggregation and Plant- and Microbial-Derived Carbon Sequestration in Coastal Saline-Alkali Soils [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(20): 4203-4215.
[15]	ZHANG MengXuan, CHANG FangDi, WEI HeYa, LI XiaoHong, WU LinMei, ZHANG HongYuan. Synergistic Effects of Post-Wheat Green Manure Rotation and Nitrogen Reduction in Saline-Alkali Soil on Wheat Yield, Environmental Footprint, and Economic Benefit [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(20): 4216-4230.