Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2023, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (19): 3759-3771.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.19.005

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• SPECIAL FOCUS: GENE FUNCTION AND BREEDING IN COTTON • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Identification and Expression of CAD and CAD-Like Gene Families from Gossypium barbadense and Their Response to Verticillium dahliae

ZHANG YuJia1(), CUI KaiWen1, DUAN LiSheng1, CAO AiPing1,2, XIE QuanLiang1,2, SHEN HaiTao1,2, WANG Fei1,2(), LI HongBin1,2()   

  1. 1 College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang
    2 Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang
  • Received:2022-12-31 Accepted:2023-04-06 Online:2023-10-01 Published:2023-10-08
  • Contact: WANG Fei, LI HongBin

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Abstract:

【Objective】Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) is a key enzyme in lignin synthesis pathway, which plays an important role in enhancing plant mechanical strength and resisting pathogen invasion. The aim of this study is to identify CAD and CAD-Like (CADL) gene family members in Gossypium barbadense and to analyze their expression characteristics and their role in Verticillium wilt resistance, which provides reference for the mechanism elucidation and disease resistance breeding of cotton against Verticillium wilt. 【Method】The CAD and CADL gene family members in G. barbadense genome were identified by bioinformatics method, and their chromosomal location, phylogenetic relationship, gene structure and promoter cis-element prediction were systematically analyzed. The expression characteristics of GbCAD and GbCADL were analyzed by obtaining publicly released transcriptome data and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Functional analysis of GbCAD and GbCADL genes was performed by viral-induced gene silencing (VIGS) technique. 【Result】A total of 25 GbCAD and 34 GbCADL genes were identified from G. barbadense and distributed on 10 and 17 different chromosomes, respectively. GbCAD and GbCADL genes are divided into 3 and 4 subgroups, respectively. The genes in the same group contain similar exon-intron structures and conserved domains. GbCAD and GbCADL genes have different transcriptional expression characteristics, and the promoters of GbCAD and GbCADL genes contain various hormone response elements and stress response elements. Transcriptome data and qRT-PCR showed that the expressions of GbCAD10A/D, GbCADL4A/D, GbCADL5A/D, GbCADL6A/D, and GbCADL7A/D were induced by Verticillium dahliae, especially the GbCAD10A/D, GbCADL4A/D, GbCADL6A/D, and GbCADL7A/D indicated significant increased expressions under V. dahliae treatment. The genes of GbCAD10A/D, GbCADL4A/D, GbCADL6A/D, and GbCADL7A/D were respectively silenced in cotton by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) technology, to analyze the changes of VIGS plant lines against V. dahliae treatment. The results showed that, compared with the control plants, the VIGS plant lines indicated significant decreased resistance to V. dahliae. The results of diaminobenzidine (DAB) histochemical stain displayed that, both control and VIGS plants showed similar normal phenotype without V. dahliae addition; after 6 h treatment of V. dahliae, the VIGS plant lines silencing GbCAD10A/D, GbCADL4A/D, GbCADL6A/D, GbCADL7A/D expressions demonstrated a deeper brown coloring, indicating a higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in the VIGS plant lines. The results of stem sectioning showed that, the stem vascular tissues of VIGS plant lines TRV:GbCAD10A/D, TRV:GbCADL4A/D, TRV:GbCADL6A/D, and TRV:GbCADL7A/D showed obvious dark brown enrichment after V. dahliae treatment, indicating the significant decreased resistance to V. dahliae. 【Conclusion】 Suppressing the expressions of GbCAD10A/D, GbCADL4A/D, GbCADL6A/D, GbCADL7A/D could significantly reduce the cotton resistance to V. dahliae.

Key words: Gossypium barbadense, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, gene family, expression characteristics, gene silencing, Verticillium dahliae

Fig. 1

Chromosome location of Gossypium barbadense CAD and CADL genes"

Fig. 2

Phylogenetic analysis of CAD and CADL genes in G. barbadense and Arabidopsis thaliana"

Fig. 3

Gene structure and conserved motif analysis of GbCAD and GbCADL gene A: Phylogenetic tree; B: Gene structure analysis; C: Conversed motif analysis"

Fig. 4

Analysis of cis-acting elements of GbCAD and GbCADL promoter regions in G. barbadense"

Fig. 5

Tissue-specific expression analysis of GbCAD and GbCADL genes in G. barbadense"

Fig. 6

Expression analysis of GbCAD and GbCADL genes in response to V. dahliae treatment"

Fig. 7

Expression validation of GbCAD and GbCADL genes under V. dahliae treatment GbUBQ7 was used as internal reference gene; different letters indicate significant differences of samples (P<0.05). The same as below"

Fig. 8

Silencing of GbCAD and GbCADL genes reduced the resistance of G. barbadense to V. dahlia A: Leaf phenotype of positive control cotton plants; B: DAB staining analysis of leaves of cotton plants after V. dahliae inoculation; C: Phenotype analysis of cotton plants after V. dahliae inoculation; D: Longitudinal sectional view of the stems of cotton plants after V. dahliae inoculation; E: Disease index statistics of cotton plants after V. dahliae inoculation"

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