Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2018, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (13): 2535-2550.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.13.009

• SOIL & FERTILIZER·WATER-SAVING IRRIGATION·AGROECOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Response of N2O Emissions to Elevated Atmospheric CO2 Concentration and Temperature in Rice-wheat Rotation Agroecosystem

WANG Cong, LI ShuQing, LIU ShuWei, ZOU JianWen   

  1. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University/Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Nanjing 210095
  • Received:2017-12-15 Online:2018-07-01 Published:2018-07-01

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Abstract: 【Objective】This study was conducted to examine the effects of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration and temperature on nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from annual rice-wheat rotation systems, so as to gain an insight into N2O fluxes response to climate change.【Method】An in-situ field experiment was established in annual rice-winter wheat rotation systems under a T-FACE platform, consisting of four treatments under different CO2 concentration and temperature levels (ambient CO2 + ambient temperature, ambient; 500 μmol·mol-1 CO2 + ambient temperature, C; ambient CO2 + temperature increased by 2℃, T; 500 μmol·mol-1 CO2 + temperature increased by 2℃, C+T) during 2012-2015. The fluxes of N2O from rice-wheat rotation fields were measured using static opaque chamber-gas chromatograph method.【Result】(1) On an average of two rice-growing seasons, elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration significantly increased the biomass and yield of rice by 9.7% and 5.6%, respectively, and those increments of wheat were 11.3% and 5.7% over the three wheat-growing seasons（P＜0.05）, respectively; Elevated temperature significantly reduced the biomass and yield of rice by 21.1% and 31.6%, and those reductions of wheat were 18.0% and 17.7%, respectively; The combination of elevated CO2 and temperature significantly reduced the biomass and yield of rice by 13.5%（P＜0.05）and 26.0%, and those reductions of wheat were 8.7% and 10.3%（P＜0.05）, respectively. (2) Either elevated CO2 concentration or temperature did not affect the seasonal patterns of N2O emission from rice-wheat rotation system. Elevated CO2 concentration increased N2O emissions in rice and wheat season by 15.2% and 39.9%, respectively. Elevated temperature did not affect N2O emissions in rice season, but it significantly increased N2O emissions in wheat season by 20.5% (P＜0.05). Despite of a considerable interannual variability, N2O emissions tended to be increased by the combined effect of elevated CO2 concentration and temperature in rice season; the emissions of N2O in wheat season were significantly increased by 46.0% under the condition of C+T treatment. (3) The cumulative N2O emissions in wheat were positively correlated with belowground biomass of wheat and ΔSOC. (4) Elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration, elevated temperature and their combination increased GHGI of rice-wheat rotation field by 29.1%, 66.3% and 81.8%, respectively.【Conclusion】All of these results showed that both elevated CO2 concentration and temperature had a strong impact on the emission of N2O in rice-wheat rotation field. Elevated CO2 concentration significantly increased the emission of N2O in both rice and wheat seasons; Elevated temperature significantly increased N2O emission in wheat season, but no significant change was observed in rice season. Elevated CO2 concentration increased N2O-derived GHGI from rice-wheat rotation field, but it was not significantly different; Elevated temperature and the interactive between elevated CO2 concentration and temperature significantly increased GHGI. The effects of different applied treatments on N2O-derived GHGI from rice-wheat rotation field from high to low in order were: C+T>T>C. It was suggested from this study that to ensure present crop supply level under the condition of high atmospheric CO2 concentration and temperature would likely to exacerbate climate change by increasing N2O emission.

Key words: T-FACE, rice-wheat rotation, CO2, temperature, biomass, yield, N2O, GHGI

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