两大优势产区‘红富士’苹果园土壤和叶片营养诊断研究

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.14.013

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】Soil available nutrients and leaf mineral elements and nutritional status in ‘Red Fuji’ apple orchards in two dominant producing areas of Circum-Bohai and Loess Plateau in China were determined in order to conduct the analysis and diagnosis for ‘Red Fuji’ apple orchard nutritional status for guiding scientific fertilization.【Method】Based on soil available nutrient classification standards and DRIS nutrient diagnosis, soil and leaf samples from high and low yield orchards of 15-20-year old trees of two apple producting areas were analyzed. Differences among treatments were separated by the least significant difference (LSD) test, and One-Way Anova and difference analysis were conducted by DPS V7.05.【Result】The organic matter, alkaline hydrolysis N, available P, available K of soil available nutrient content average values were 10.9 g•kg-1, 73.21 mg•kg-1, 70.22 mg•kg-1, and 169.2 mg•kg-1 in Circum-Bohai, respectively, while the soil available nutrient content average values were 11.7g•kg-1, 56.46 mg•kg-1, 14.91 mg.kg-1, and 135.78 mg•kg-1 in Loess Plateau, respectively. The alkaline hydrolysis N, available P, available K in Circum-Bohai were higher than those in Loess Plateau, except organic matter. The N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, B, Mo content of average values were 2.73%, 0.18%, 1.15%, 9.63 g•kg-1, 2.86 g•kg-1, 87.97 mg•kg-1, 124.02 mg•kg-1, 13.36 mg•kg-1, 15.64 mg•kg-1, 35.09 mg•kg-1, and 0.51 mg•kg-1 in Circum-Bohai, respectively. The leaf average values were 2.72%, 0.18%, 1.17%, 10.23 g•kg-1, 2.99 g•kg-1, 88.69 mg•kg-1, 116.39 mg•kg-1, 10.85 mg•kg-1, 15.94 mg•kg-1, 39.55 mg•kg-1, and 0.51 mg•kg-1 in Loess Plateau, respectively. The DRIS diagnostic results in two-dominant producing areas indicated that the most deficient leaves elements were Ca and K in low-yielding orchard of Circum-Bohai, followed by Fe, N, and Zn, and the most wealthy elements were Cu and Mo. The most lacking elements were P and K in Loess Plateau, followed by N, Zn, and Cu, and the most wealthy elements were B and Ca.【Conclusion】It was concluded that the organic contents in two regions were slightly low, the soils are deficient in N. P is rich and K is deficient in soils in Circum-Bohai region, while P is poor and K is deficient in soils in Loess Plateau. Leaf diagnosis of low-yield orchards showed that the nutrition at status of trees in Loess Plateau was better than that of the Circum-Bohai , and both areas had a great potential of production. It was suggested that fertilizer of K, N, Fe, Ca, and Zn in Circum-Bohai should be increased, and fertilizers of K, P, Zn, Cu, and Fe should be increased in Loess Plateau, meanwhile organic manure should be attached to the along with chemical fertilizer.

Key words: apple , Loess Plateau regions , Circum-Bohai regions , soil , leaf , nutrient diagnosis , DRIS

WANG Fu-Lin, MEN Yong-Ge, GE Shun-Feng, CHEN Ru, DING Ning, PENG Fu-Tian, WEI Shao-Chong, JIANG Yuan-Mao. Research on Soil and Leaf Nutrient Diagnosis of ‘Red Fuji’ Apple Orchard in Two-Dominant Producing Areas[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013, 46(14): 2970-2978.

References

[1]姜远茂, 顾曼如, 束怀瑞. 红星苹果的营养诊断. 园艺学报, 1995, 22(3): 215-220.

Jiang Y M, Gu M R, Shu H R. Red star apple nutrition diagnosis. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 1995, 22(3): 215-220. (in Chinese)

[2]李港丽, 苏润宇, 沈隽. 几种落叶果树叶内矿质元素含量标准值的研究. 园艺学报, 1987, 14(2): 81-89.

Li G L, Su R Y, Shen J. Studies on the nutritional ranges in some deciduous fruit trees. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 1987, 14(2): 81-89. (in Chinese)

[3]李旭辉, 李瑛, 刘军, 张朝阳. DRIS在关中地区冬小麦施肥中的应用研究. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2005, 11(2):174-178.

Li X H, Li Y, Liu J, Zhang C Y. DRIS winter wheat fertilization applied research in the Guanzhong area. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2005, 11(2):174-178. (in Chinese)

[4]董小平, 张玉萍, 孙红专.应用综合诊断施肥法(DRIS)进行棉花营养诊断. 新疆农业科学, 2000(4): 184-186.

Dong X P, Zhang Y P, Sun H Z. The application of diagnostic reguired-fertilizer integrated system (DRIS) on nutrient diagnoses of cotton. Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2000(4): 184-186. (in Chinese)

[5]吴巍, 张宽, 王秀芳, 王晓村, 胡会军, 胡和云.玉米养分丰缺诊断指标与应用.玉米科学, 1995, 3(4): 53-55.

Wu W, Zhang K, Wang X F, Wang X C, Hu H J, Hu H Y. Corn nutrients abundance and deficiency diagnostic indicators and application. Corn Science, 1995, 3(4): 53-55. (in Chinese)

[6]王春枝, 李东晶, 齐宝利, 刘凤芹, 韩智, 王学密, 李永权. 基于DRIS法的南果梨“红叶病"果园营养状况诊断. 中国农学通报, 2008, 24(5): 261-264.

Wang C Z, Li D J, Qi B L, Liu F Q, Han Z, Wang X M, Li Y Q. Diagnosis nutritional status of ‘Nanguo’ Pear ‘Red leaf disease’ orchard by DRIS. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2008, 24 (5): 261- 264. (in Chinese)

[7]梁智, 邹耀湘. 新疆南部石榴矿质营养DRIS诊断初步研究. 中国土壤与肥料, 2010(1): 41-44.

Liang Z, Zou Y X. Preliminary study on DRIS for pomegranate foliar diagnosis of mineral nutrition in Southern area of Xinjiang. Chinese Soil and Fertilizer, 2010(1): 41- 44. (in Chinese)

[8]李国良, 姚丽贤, 付长营, 涂仕华. 香蕉营养诊断的DRIS标准的初步研究. 中国土壤与肥料, 2008(3): 74-76.

Li G L, Yao L X, Fu C Y, Tu S H. Preliminary study to DRIS norms for banana nutrition diagnosis. Chinese Soil and Fertilizer, 2008(3): 74- 76. (in Chinese)

[9]赵政阳, 冯宝荣, 王雷存, 王章龄, 周卫国. 我国苹果产业向优势区域集中的战略思考. 西北植物学报, 2004, 13(4): 195-199.

Zhao Z Y, Feng B R, Wang L C, Wang Z L, Zhou W G. The advantages of regional concentrative strategic thinking of apple industry in China. Journal of Northwest Plants, 2004, 13(4): 195-199. (in Chinese)

[10]安贵阳, 范崇辉, 杜志辉, 郁俊谊, 邓丰产.苹果叶营养元素含量的影响因素分析. 园艺学报, 2006, 33 (1):12-16.

An G Y, Fan C H, Du Z H, Yu J Y, Deng F C. Analysis of effective factors of nutrient content in apple leaves. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2006, 33(1): 12-16. (in Chinese)

[11] 张强, 魏钦平, 蒋瑞山, 刘旭东, 刘慧平, 王小伟. 富士苹果矿质营养含量与几个主要品质指标的相关性分析. 园艺学报, 2011, 38(10):1964.

Zhang Q, Wei Q P, Jiang R S, Liu X D, Liu H P, Wang X W. Correlation analysis of fruit mineral nutrition contents with several key quality indicators in ‘Fuji’ apple. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2011, 38(10): 1964. (in Chinese)

[12]李保国, 齐国辉, 郭素平, 李惠卓, 张林平. 太行山片麻岩区新垦苹果园土壤营养与果实品质的关系研究. 中国生态农业学报, 2006, 10 (3):17-20.

Li B G, Qi G H, Guo S P, Li H Z, Zhang L P. Study on the relationship between the soil nutrient elements and the apple fruit quality of the newly reclaimed apple orchard in Taihang mountain gneiss area. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture，2006, 10 (3):17-20. (in Chinese)

[13]刘德鸿, 刘红霞, 刘桂莲, 郭大勇, 郭永新, 张会民. 豫西地区苹果叶片微量元素含量及其与果实硬度的相关性. 西北农业学报, 2007, 16 (4)：138–141.

Liu D H, Liu H X, Liu G L, Guo D Y, Guo Y X, Zhang H M. The contents of the microelements in leaves of apple and correlativity with firmness of fruit in West-He’nan area. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica, 2007, 16(4): 138-141. (in Chinese)

[14]刘子龙, 张广军, 赵政阳, 梁俊.陕西苹果主产区丰产果园土壤养分状况的调查. 西北林学院学报, 2006, 21 (2):50-53.

Liu Z L, Zhang G J, Zhao Z Y, Liang J. Survey on the state of soil nutrient of apple orchards in the major production area of Shanxi. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 2006, 21(2): 50-53. (in Chinese)

[15]彭福田, 姜远茂. 不同产量水平苹果园氮磷钾营养特点研究. 中国农业科学, 2006, 39 (2): 361-367.

Peng F T, Jiang Y M. 2006. Characteristics of N，P，and K nutrition in different yield level apple orchards. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 39 (2)：361–367. (in Chinese)

[16]张立新, 张林森, 李丙智, 韩明玉. 旱地苹果矿质营养及其在生长发育中的作用. 西北林学院学报，2007, 22 (3):111-115.

Zhang L X, Zhang L S, Li B Z, Han M Y. Mineral nutrition elements and their roles in growth and development of apple trees in arid areas. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 2007, 22 (3):111-115. (in Chinese)

[17]Chun Ik-Jo, Fallahi E, Michael C W, Bahman S, Tripepi Robert R. Effects of rootstocks and microsprinkler fertigation on mineral concentrations, yield, and fruit color. Journal of the American Pomological Society, 2002, 56(1):4-13.

[18]Fallahi E, Michael C W, Bahman S. Optimum ranges of leaf nitrogen for yield，fruit quality and photosynthesis in ‘BC-2 Fuji’ apple. Journal of American Pomology Society, 2001, 55 (2):68-75.

[19]Nachtigall G R, Dechen A R. Seasonality of nutrients in leaves and fruit of apple tree. Scientia Agriculturae (Piracicaba Brazil), 2006, 63(5):493-501.

[20]狄增超, 张立新, 赵二龙, 张朝阳, 陈永新. 陕西红富士苹果矿质营养DRIS标准研究. 西北植物学报, 2003, 23(8): 1422-1428.

Di Z C, Zhang L X, Zhao E L, Zhang C Y, Chen Y X. Study on the diagnosis with DRIS norm of mineral elements in Fuji apple in Shaanxi province. Journal of Northwest Plants, 2003, 23(8): 1422-1428. (in Chinese)

[21]李港丽, 张光中. 果树叶分析的采样、洗涤和预处理的标准化//果树文集(5). 北京: 北京农业大学出版社, 1988: 24-30.

Li G L, Zhang G Z. Standardization of collecting, washing and pretreatment of leaf samples of fruit plants for leaf analysis// Fruit Trees Anthology(5). Beijing: Beijing Agricultural University Press, 1988: 24-30. (in Chinese)

[22]鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析. 北京: 中国农业科技出版社, 2000.

Bao S D. Soil Agrochemical Analysis. Beijing: China Agricultural Science and Technology Press, 2000. (in Chinese)

[23]王海云, 姜远茂, 彭福田, 赵凤霞, 隋静, 刘丙花. 胶东苹果园土壤有效养分状况及与产量关系研究.山东农业大学学报: 自然科学版, 2008, 39(1): 31-38.

Wang H Y, Jiang Y M, Peng F T, Zhao F X, Sui J, Liu B H. Study on the relationship between the soil available nutrition and yield in apple orchard of Jiao-dong. Journal of Shandong Agricultural University: Natural Science, 2008, 39(1): 31-38. (in Chinese)

[24]安贵阳, 史联让, 杜志辉, 郁俊谊, 邓丰产. 陕西地区苹果叶营养元素标准范围的确定. 园艺学报, 2004, 31(1): 81-83.

An G Y, Shi L R, Du Z H, Yu J Y, Deng F C. Studies on the standard range of apple leaf nutritional elements in Shanxi province. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2004, 31(1): 81-83. (in Chinese)

[25]许敏, 吴发启, 张扬, 张进. 陕西省红富士苹果叶片营养诊断研究. 干旱地区农业研究, 2009, 27(5): 161-165.

Xu M, Wu F Q, Zhang Y, Zhang J. Study on nutrient diagnosis of Fuji apple in Shaanxi Province. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 2009, 27(5): 161-165. (in Chinese)

[26]李海山, 赵同生, 张新生. 燕山山区苹果叶片矿质营养标准范围的确定. 河北农业科学, 2011, 15(5): 17-19.

Li H S, Zhao T S, Zhang X S. Determination of the standard concentrations for mineral nutrition in the leaves of apple in Yanshan mountainous areas. Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences, 2011, 15(5):17-19. (in Chinese)

[27]国家肥料工业协会(法国). 唐朝友. 谢建昌等译校. 世界肥料使用手册. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 1999: 277-280.

National Fertilizer Industry Association ( France ). ed. Tang C Y, Xie J C, et al. Translated. World Fertilizer Use Manual. Beijing: China Agricultural Press, 1999: 270-280. (in Chinese)

[28]李港丽. 果树营养诊断概述(文献综述)//果树文集(5). 北京:北京农业大学出版社, 1988: 11-23.

Li G L. Diagnosis of mineral nutrition of fruit plants (literature review)// Fruit Trees Anthology (5). Beijing: Beijing Agricultural University Press, 1988: 11-23. (in Chinese)

[29]姜远茂, 彭福田, 张宏彦, 李晓林, 张福锁. 山东省苹果园土壤有机质及养分状况研究. 土壤通报, 2001, 32(4):167-169.

Jiang Y M, Peng F T, Zhang H Y, Li X L, Zhang F S. Status of organic matter and nutrients in Shandong orchard soils .Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2001, 32(4 ): 167-169. (in Chinese)

[30]张英利, 马爱生, 杨岩荣, 许安民, 刘思春, 尚浩博, 梁圈社, 王永一, 吴瑛. 陕西苹果产区土壤养分状况研究初报. 土壤肥料, 2003(5): 41-42.

Zhang Y L, Ma A S, Yang Y R, Xu A M, Liu S C, Shang H B, Liang Q S, Wang Y Y, Wu Y. The preliminary report of soil nutrient status in the Shanxi apple producing areas. Soil and Fertilizers, 2003(5):41-42. (in Chinese)

[31]席瑞卿.苹果树养分吸收利用特征及其养分资源管理[D]. 北京: 中国农业大学, 2006.

Xi R Q. Apple tree nutrient absorption and utilization characteristics and nutrient resources management[D]. Beijing: China Agricultural University, 2006. (in Chinese)

[32]李辉桃, 翟丙年, 李刚. 乾县苹果营养诊断及施肥研究. 西北农业大学学报, 1997, 25 (5): 44-48.

Li H T, Zhai B N, Li G. Nutrient diagnosis of app le trees and fertilizer recommendation in Qianxian county. Journal of Northwest Agricultural University, 1997, 25(5): 44-48. (in Chinese)

[33]姜远茂, 张宏彦, 张福锁. 北方落叶果树养分资源综合管理理论与实践. 北京:中国农业大学出版社, 2010: 27-30.

Jiang Y M, Zhang H Y, Zhang F S. The northern deciduous fruit trees of nutrient resource integrated management theory and practice. Beijing: China Agricultural University Press, 2010: 27-30. (in Chinese)

Related Articles 15

[1]	XU YangHaoJun, CHEN LiMing, YANG ShiQi, TANG YiFan, TAN XueMing, ZENG YongJun, PAN XiaoHua, ZENG YanHua. Effects of Long-Term Different Straw Returning Methods on Soil Organic Carbon, Nutrients and Aggregate Formation in Different Soil Layers of Double Cropping Rice Field [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(7): 1492-1506.
[2]	SU YiFan, YANG ZhanXu, WANG Di, MAO JunCheng, WEI MengMeng, CHEN Ze, BAI XinRan, CHU TianGe, MA ChangNing, QIAO MingFei, SUN Quan, HU DaGang. Effects of 2, 4-Epibrassinolide on Postharvest Storage Quality and Physiological Performance of Apple [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(7): 1536-1551.
[3]	LI YongJuan, ZHANG YueTong, WANG YiBo, ZHAO ChangJiang, SONG Jie, CHEN XueLi, YAO Qin. Effects of Biochar Application on the Abundance and Community Composition of Nitrogen-Fixing Microbial nifH Gene in Soybean Rotation and Continuous Cropping Systems [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(6): 1272-1285.
[4]	WEI YuanHui, YU YiHui, LI ZiJun, DING WenJie, TU WenLong, MAO YanLing. Effects of Long-Term Fertilization on Soil Organic Carbon Structure and Carbon-Fixing Bacterial Community Structure in Yellow-Mud Paddy Soil [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(5): 1020-1033.
[5]	LI WenHu, LI HaiFeng, DU YuPeng, DING YuLan, LUO YiNuo, LI YuKe, SHE WenTing, ZHANG Feng, TENG Yu, ZHANG SiQi, HUANG Cui, LI XiaoHan, LIU JinShan, WANG ZhaoHui. Regional Differences in Wheat Zinc Uptake and Translocation Responses to Soil Zinc Fertilization [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(5): 1034-1047.
[6]	YAN YanGe, ZHANG ShuiQin, XU Meng, XU JiuKai, LI YanTing, ZHAO BingQiang, YUAN Liang. Transformation Characteristics of Dextran-Modified Urea in Fluvo- Aquic Soil [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(5): 1048-1059.
[7]	YUE LiXin, WANG QingHua, WANG ZhenBao, NIMAQIONGJI, LIU ZeZhou, KONG SuPing, ZHANG LiFeng, GAO LiMin. Widely Targeted Metabolomics-Based Analysis of the Differences in Tibetan Bunching Onion and Chive on Nutritional Quality and Flavonoid Metabolites [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(5): 1070-1086.
[8]	WEN YuBin, BAI ShanShan, CAI ZeJiang, SUN Nan, XU MingGang. Effects of Organic Materials on Soil Microbial Biomass and Its Acidity Regulation Mechanism [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(4): 834-849.
[9]	LI SaiYa, XU YaPing, ZHENG JiaXing, ZHENG Yang, YU JiaHui, LI YongQiang, PU ShouCheng, YANG Li, GUO WeiDong. Bioactive Polyphenolic Composition and Antioxidant Activities in Leaves of 34 Vaccinium Species [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(4): 874-886.
[10]	GUO FuCheng, TANG HaiJiang, HAO XinYi, MA GuoLin, YANG JiuJu, HUANG LinFeng, TIAN Lei, WANG Bin, LUO ChengKe. Effects of Different Irrigation Methods on Water-Salt Transport, Rice Yield, and Water Use Efficiency in Saline Soil in Ningxia [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(4): 750-764.
[11]	LIU MengYang, LIU Jie, CHEN Xiang, WANG QingYun, LUO LaiChao, QI YongBo, TIAN Da, LI JinCai, CHAI RuShan. Effects of Long-Term Straw Return on Distribution of Aggregates and Phosphorus Fractions in Shajiang Black Soil [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(3): 575-588.
[12]	XIAN QingLin, XIAO JianKe, GAO AQing, GAO LiChuang, LIU Yang. Effects of Planting Patterns Combined with Soil Moisture Measurement and Supplementary Irrigation on the Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(3): 589-601.
[13]	YAN TingLin, DU YaDan, HU XiaoTao, WANG He, LI XiaoYan, WANG YuMing, NIU WenQuan, GU XiaoBo. The Impacts of Nitrogen Fertilizer Organic Alternatives Under Aerated Drip Irrigation on Cotton Yield and Water Use Efficiency Under Deficit Irrigation Conditions [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(3): 602-618.
[14]	CHEN GuiPing, WEI JinGui, GUO Yao, LI Pan, WANG FeiEr, QIU HaiLong, FENG FuXue, YIN Wen. Synergistic Effects of Wide-Narrow Row and Density Enhancement on the Photosynthetic Characteristics and Resource Utilization of Maize in Oasis Irrigation Areas [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(2): 278-291.
[15]	WANG RenZhuo, LI YueYing, HUANG ShaoMin, JIANG GuiYing, ZHANG Qi, LIU ChaoLin, YANG Jin, WANG MengRu, WANG BeiBei, LIU Fang, GUO DouDou, JIE XiaoLei, SONG Lian, LIU ShiLiang. Effects of Long-Term Combination of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Bacterial Community Structure, Ecological Network, and Key Species in Fluvo-Aquic Soil [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(2): 354-367.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

Comments

Recommended 0

No Suggested Reading articles found!

Research on Soil and Leaf Nutrient Diagnosis of ‘Red Fuji’ Apple Orchard in Two-Dominant Producing Areas

PDF

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 0