高原日光温室不同辣椒品种的性状分析与评价

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.13.012

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】Under plateau solar greenhouse conditions, the agronomic traits of roots, stems, leaves and fruits of different pepper varieties were analyzed, the relationship between each trait and the yield of a single pepper plant was explored, and a comprehensive evaluation was made, so as to provide theoretical and practical reference for improving cultivation techniques, introducing excellent varieties (lines), and enriching local resources. 【Method】Descriptive statistics, entropy weight method, path, correlation and other multivariate analysis methods are used to make judgments, and the membership function method and cluster analysis are used for comprehensive evaluation to clarify the main traits that affect the yield of a single plant and the pepper varieties suitable for regional ecological conditions. 【Result】There are certain differences between different organs of each variety. The coefficient of variation of the four root traits ranges from 7.70% to 16.20%, the variation coefficient of the five stem traits ranges from 6.99% to 16.50%, and the variation coefficient of the three leaf traits ranges from 11.50% to 15.90%. The coefficients of variation of the four fruit traits ranged from 15.90% to 26.50%. The coefficients of variation of single fruit quality, number of fruits per plant, and yield per plant were 39.60%, 44.20%, and 19.50% respectively. The entropy weight method combined with path analysis showed that the direct effects affecting the yield of a single plant were ordered from large to small as leaves > fruits > stems > roots. Correlation analysis showed that in root organs, the number of roots was significantly positively correlated with yield per plant; in leaf organs, leaf length, leaf width, and petiole length were all highly significantly positively correlated with yield per plant. Principal component analysis simplified 19 agronomic traits into 6 principal components, with a cumulative contribution rate of 81.631%, and established a comprehensive evaluation model D=0.435μ₁+0.222μ₂+0.112μ₃+0.092μ₄+0.072μ₅+0.066μ₆, three varieties with excellent comprehensive scores, Zhongjiao 506, Zhongjiao Y213, and Zhongjiao Y216, were screened out. When promoting varieties, the local preference for screw peppers should be taken into consideration, and Zhongjiao 129, Meiluo 28, and Zhongjiao 209 were listed as targets for promotion and application. Based on the characteristics of each organ and D value, 30 peppers were divided into 5 groups. The differences in leaves and fruits between each category were significant. TypeⅠ has a compact plant type, firm fruits, and numerous fruits; TypeⅡ has shorter leaves and petioles, and overall, the plant height is shorter and the yield per plant is lower; the fruits of typeⅢ are short and thick, and the quality of single fruit is the highest; the fruits of typeⅣ are short and thick, and the quality of single fruit is lower than that of typeⅢ; the number of typeⅤ is the largest, and the D value is in the middle position, showing a more balanced performance. 【Conclusion】The types of introduced resources are relatively rich. Under plateau solar greenhouse conditions, leaf traits and the number of roots are the direct factors that affect the yield of a single pepper plant. Based on the characteristics of each organ, principal component analysis and membership function method can be used to comprehensively evaluate the introduced pepper varieties and screen out excellent varieties. Leaf and fruit traits can be used as the main basis to distinguish taxa and enhance the utilization of different resources.

Key words: plateau, pepper, traits, correlation analysis, evaluation

WANG GuangSheng, DAWAPUCHI, CIWANG, PUQIONG, NIMASANGZHU. Character Analysis and Evaluation of Different Pepper Varieties in Plateau Solar Greenhouses[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(13): 2906-2918.

Figures/Tables 10

Table 1

Table 2

Statistical table of agronomic traits of introduced pepper varieties"

性状 Trait	最大值 Maximum	最小值 Minimum	平均值 Average	最大值品种 Maximum variety	最小值品种 Minimum variety	标准差Standard deviation	变异系数Coefficient of variation (%)
叶长 Leaf length (cm)	29.90	16.20	23.20	中椒Y216 Zhongjiao Y216	曲美2号 Qumei No. 2	3.30	14.20
叶宽 Leaf width (cm)	9.70	5.30	7.20	中椒Y213 Zhongjiao Y213	早辣王 Zaolawang	1.10	15.90
叶柄长 Petiole length (cm)	8.90	5.10	7.30	中椒Y216 Zhongjiao Y216	曲美2号 Qumei No. 2	0.80	11.50
果纵径 Fruit longitudinal diameter (cm)	32.70	9.10	21.70	青香2号 Qingxiang No. 2	曲美2号 Qumei No. 2	5.80	26.50
果横径 Fruit transverse diameter (mm)	32.92	11.89	22.33	苏椒616号 Sujiao No. 616	早辣王 Zaolawang	5.65	25.30
果梗长 Fruit stem length (cm)	6.70	3.50	5.20	中椒329 Zhongjiao 329	曲美2号 Qumei No. 2	0.80	15.90
果肉厚 Pulp thickness (mm)	2.61	1.09	1.93	中椒Y213 Zhongjiao Y213	曲美2号 Qumei No. 2	0.36	18.60
根长 Root length (cm)	14.30	10.70	12.10	中椒509 Zhongjiao 509	早辣王 Zaolawang	0.90	7.70
根幅 Root spread (cm)	30.70	17.50	22.40	皱皮辣 Zhoupila	中椒209 Zhongjiao 209	2.90	12.80
根横径 Root transverse diameter (mm)	7.79	4.29	6.07	苏椒5号 Sujiao No. 5	早辣王 Zaolawang	0.81	13.35
根数量 Root quantity	23.00	10.00	16.90	高原之星 Highland Star	曲美2号 Qumei No. 2	2.74	16.20
主茎粗 Main stem diameter (mm)	16.64	11.68	14.40	中椒Y213 Zhongjiao Y213	曲美2号 Qumei No. 2	1.01	6.99
主茎长 Main stem length (cm)	32.30	14.00	22.80	美螺28 Meiluo No. 28	曲美2号 Qumei No. 2	3.50	15.50
一次分枝粗 The first branch diameter (mm)	13.45	8.97	10.63	中椒229 Zhongjiao 229	曲美2号 Qumei No. 2	0.90	8.43
一次分枝长 The first branch length (cm)	7.30	3.90	5.50	中椒Y216 Zhongjiao Y216	兴蔬208 Xingshu 208	0.90	16.50
株高 Plant height (cm)	94.80	58.60	73.30	中椒Y216 Zhongjiao Y216	兴蔬208 Xingshu 208	10.20	13.90
单果质量 Single fruit weight (g)	40.38	9.13	23.30	中椒506 Zhongjiao 506	皱皮辣 Zhoupila	9.20	39.60
单株结果数 Number of fruits per plant	132.00	29.00	59.70	中椒L14 Zhongjiao L14	中椒229 Zhongjiao 229	26.37	44.20
单株产量 Single-plant yield (g)	1727.90	826.50	1184.60	苏椒616号 Sujiao No. 616	中椒229 Zhongjiao 229	231.50	19.50

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Normalized values of organs of 30 pepper varieties"

编号 Number	叶 Leaf	果 Fruit	根 Root	茎 Stem	单果质量 Single fruit weight	单株结果数 Number of fruits per plant	单株重量 Single-plant yield
1	0.003725	0.005863	0.011988	0.017821	0.008285	0.015701	0.038178
2	0.008211	0.012377	0.008869	0.007860	0.067933	0.042403	0.064367
3	0.007517	0.011994	0.003426	0.009364	0.066662	0.045626	0.038033
4	0.009912	0.013105	0.007274	0.013762	0.070992	0.040561	0.083781
5	0.009106	0.007070	0.009276	0.010173	0.028427	0.030893	0.051172
6	0.005791	0.006749	0.010518	0.011266	0.052944	0.042863	0.037773
7	0.005816	0.004309	0.006229	0.009227	0.035109	0.033656	0.054931
8	0.007050	0.005944	0.009734	0.012906	0.031227	0.030893	0.058355
9	0.000481	0.009380	0.003115	0.003587	0.037886	0.042403	0.016937
10	0.003001	0.007839	0.010449	0.006907	0.012944	0.031354	0.010103
11	0.003893	0.005975	0.007667	0.008842	0.000074	0.013859	0.009811
12	0.002284	0.007310	0.004440	0.006532	0.007932	0.022606	0.019445
13	0.002431	0.003564	0.011722	0.014362	0.001438	0.010176	0.022517
14	0.003555	0.003579	0.006460	0.014505	0.002968	0.000047	0.050320
15	0.008752	0.009176	0.010352	0.012412	0.037015	0.041022	0.022479
16	0.006029	0.005094	0.007573	0.007891	0.020191	0.034116	0.018556
17	0.004670	0.008437	0.007265	0.008260	0.036262	0.044244	0.005271
18	0.012236	0.012124	0.011456	0.016156	0.059533	0.038259	0.079855
19	0.011504	0.011462	0.006362	0.016249	0.040709	0.041022	0.028748
20	0.007025	0.009225	0.005306	0.014833	0.045650	0.047467	0.000084
21	0.005104	0.008718	0.004634	0.008181	0.042027	0.042863	0.020970
22	0.007082	0.007009	0.009450	0.008689	0.041533	0.042863	0.020210
23	0.009745	0.014766	0.008375	0.014077	0.073603	0.047467	0.032074
24	0.007839	0.011331	0.015133	0.012030	0.043391	0.037339	0.053758
25	0.009690	0.006591	0.008958	0.011424	0.045415	0.041943	0.031459
26	0.001972	0.004759	0.002148	0.008414	0.007462	0.014319	0.038411
27	0.002224	0.007551	0.011808	0.007718	0.009415	0.027671	0.010920
28	0.003657	0.008932	0.006539	0.007912	0.003768	0.022146	0.006797
29	0.005927	0.007924	0.005458	0.011863	0.033956	0.040101	0.021659
30	0.007821	0.007516	0.010949	0.014126	0.035250	0.034116	0.053024

Table 4

Table 5

Fig. 1

Table 6

Table 7

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

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性状 Trait	信息熵值 Information entropy value	权重 Weight coefficient (%)	性状 Trait	信息熵值 Information entropy value	权重 Weight coefficient (%)
叶长Leaf length	0.963736	5.3555	根幅Root spread	0.976960	3.4026
叶宽Leaf width	0.939121	8.9906	根横径root transverse diameter	0.963701	5.3607
叶柄长Petiole length	0.972516	4.0588	根数量Root quantity	0.971262	4.2441
果纵径Fruit longitudinal diameter	0.952870	6.9603	主茎粗Main stem diameter	0.975225	3.6588
果横径Fruit transverse diameter	0.954173	6.7678	主茎长Main stem length	0.971713	4.1775
果梗长Fruit stem length	0.957359	6.2974	一次分枝粗The first branch diameter	0.956515	6.4219
果肉厚Pulp thickness	0.969247	4.5416	一次分枝长The first branch length	0.956015	6.4958
根长Root length	0.923579	11.2860	株高Plant height	0.918875	11.9806

因子 Factor	直接系数 Direct coefficient	间接系数 Indirect coefficient
因子 Factor	直接系数 Direct coefficient	叶 Leaf	果 Fruit	根 Root	茎 Stem	单果质量 Single fruit weight	单株结果数 Number of fruits per plant
叶Leaf	0.405		0.2337	0.1061	0.2179	0.2932	0.2272
果Fruit	0.243	0.1402		0.0022	0.0279	0.1866	0.1616
根Root	0.172	0.0451	0.0015		0.0683	-0.0009	-0.0088
茎Stem	0.224	0.1205	0.0258	0.0889		0.0399	-0.0186
单果质量Single fruit weight	1.484	1.0744	1.1397	-0.0074	0.2642		1.2480
单株结果数Number of fruits per plant	1.304	0.7315	0.8672	-0.0665	-0.1082	1.0967

性状 Trait	主成分Principal component
性状 Trait	1	2	3	4	5	6
叶长Leaf length	0.398	0.436	0.605	0.220	0.309	-0.049
叶宽Leaf width	0.627	0.315	0.523	0.328	0.204	0.040
叶柄长Petiole length	0.178	0.390	0.676	0.372	0.089	-0.084
果纵径Fruit longitudinal diameter	-0.588	0.287	0.185	0.372	-0.496	-0.055
果横径Fruit transverse diameter	0.911	0.036	0.062	-0.150	0.182	0.062
果梗长Fruit stem length	0.257	0.672	0.098	0.468	0.149	0.001
果肉厚Pulp thickness	0.291	0.159	0.306	0.089	0.751	0.063
根长Root length	-0.160	0.022	0.072	0.148	0.258	0.697
根幅Root spread	-0.551	-0.290	-0.298	0.267	0.431	-0.067
根横径Root transverse diameter	0.024	0.343	0.069	0.133	-0.395	0.723
根数量Root quantity	-0.109	0.598	0.598	-0.115	0.009	0.081
主茎粗Main stem diameter	0.006	0.171	0.315	0.719	-0.048	0.431
主茎长Main stem length	0.090	0.898	0.108	-0.059	0.069	0.144
一次分枝粗The first branch diameter	-0.021	0.124	0.035	0.924	0.061	0.099
一次分枝长The first branch length	0.182	0.829	-0.076	0.256	-0.094	-0.028
株高Plant height	-0.003	0.719	0.347	0.168	-0.075	0.284
单果质量Single fruit weight	0.860	0.115	0.346	0.156	0.076	-0.112
单株结果数Number of fruits per plant	-0.890	-0.145	0.011	-0.127	-0.001	0.206
单株产量Single-plant yield	0.159	-0.100	0.860	0.045	0.028	0.205
特征值Eigenvalue	6.741	3.446	1.744	1.426	1.123	1.030
贡献率Contribution rate (%)	35.478	18.137	9.180	7.506	5.911	5.419
累计贡献率Cumulative contribution rate (%)	35.478	53.615	62.795	70.301	76.212	81.631

品种名 Variety name	隶属函数值 Membership function value	排名 Rank	品种名 Variety name	隶属函数值 Membership function value	排名 Rank
中椒506 Zhongjiao 506	0.776	1	中椒329 Zhongjiao 329	0.513	16
中椒Y213 Zhongjiao Y213	0.706	2	皱辣3号Zhoula No. 3	0.491	17
中椒Y216 Zhongjiao Y216	0.691	3	皱辣2号Zhoula No. 2	0.483	18
中椒509 Zhongjiao 509	0.659	4	曲美2号Qumei No. 2	0.476	19
苏椒616号Sujiao No. 616	0.644	5	苏椒5号Sujiao No. 5	0.419	20
苏椒9号Sujiao No. 9	0.623	6	湘十五号Xiang No.15	0.414	21
苏椒618号Sujiao No.618	0.616	7	湘五号Xiang No.5	0.411	22
中椒129 Zhongjiao 129	0.597	8	皱辣4号Zhou la No. 4	0.397	23
美螺28 Meiluo No. 28	0.578	9	中椒139 Zhongjiao 139	0.394	24
中椒209 Zhongjiao 209	0.570	10	兴蔬208 Xingshu 208	0.369	25
中椒229 Zhongjiao 229	0.560	11	兴蔬211 Xingshu 211	0.347	26
中椒1209 Zhongjiao 1209	0.557	12	中椒L13 Zhongjiao L13	0.334	27
高原之星Highland Star	0.529	13	皱皮辣Zhoupila	0.301	28
中椒409 Zhongjiao 409	0.528	14	中椒L14 Zhongjiao L14	0.271	29
青香2号Qingxiang No. 2	0.521	15	早辣王Zaolawang	0.225	30

Character Analysis and Evaluation of Different Pepper Varieties in Plateau Solar Greenhouses

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编号 Number	品种 Variety	编号 Number	品种 Variety
1	苏椒5号 Sujiao No. 5	16	中椒139 Zhongjiao 139
2	苏椒618号Sujiao No.618	17	中椒209 Zhongjiao 209
3	苏椒9号Sujiao No. 9	18	中椒Y213 Zhongjiao Y213
4	苏椒616号Sujiao No. 616	19	中椒Y216 Zhongjiao Y216
5	皱辣2号Zhoula No. 2	20	中椒229 Zhongjiao 229
6	青香2号Qingxiang No. 2	21	中椒329 Zhongjiao 329
7	皱辣4号Zhoula No. 4	22	中椒409 Zhongjiao 409
8	皱辣3号Zhoula No. 3	23	中椒506 Zhongjiao 506
9	曲美2号Qumei No. 2	24	中椒509 Zhongjiao 509
10	兴蔬208 Xingshu 208	25	中椒1209 Zhongjiao 1209
11	皱皮辣Zhoupila	26	早辣王Zaolawang
12	兴蔬211 Xingshu 211	27	湘十五号Xiang No.15
13	中椒L13 Zhongjiao L13	28	湘五号Xiang No.5
14	中椒L14 Zhongjiao L14	29	美螺28 Meiluo No. 28
15	中椒129 Zhongjiao 129	30	高原之星Highland Star

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