有机肥不同替代比例对土壤多功能性的影响及微生物驱动机制

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.08.009

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of varying substitution proportions of organic fertilizers replacing chemical fertilizers on dryland wheat productivity, agronomic efficiency of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizers, soil multifunctionality, and microbial community structure. It focused on elucidating the microbial mechanisms underlying soil multifunctionality-driven crop growth, to provide a scientific basis for optimizing fertilization practices, promoting soil health, and advancing sustainable agricultural development in the Loess Plateau.【Method】The dryland wheat fertilization experiment was conducted from 2019 to 2022, with six treatments, including no fertilizer (CK), chemical fertilizer alone (CF), and substitution of chemical fertilizer N with 80%, 60%, 40%, and 20% organic fertilizer N (MN: M₂₀N₈₀, M₄₀N₆₀, M₆₀N₄₀, M₈₀N₂₀). Macrogenome sequencing technology was used to obtain 62 functional genes related to carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur cycling, and to analyze the differences in community composition and diversity, exploring how microbial communities in dryland farmland ecosystems affect wheat growth through soil multifunctionality.【Result】The yield, N and P fertilizer agronomic efficiency, and soil multifunctionality under MN were significantly higher than those under CK and CF, with M₄₀N₆₀ showing the best performance. Compared with CK, M₄₀N₆₀ had the greatest improvement in average yield and soil multifunctionality, reaching 60.1% and 191.6%. The results of microbial community analysis showed that fertilization significantly changed the composition and diversity of bacterial and fungal communities. The dominant bacterial phyla in the bacterial community were Actinobacteria (32.4%), Proteobacteria (31.1%), and Acidobacteria (13.5%). The dominant fungal phyla in the fungal community were Ascomycota (0.6%), Mucoromycota (0.2%), and Basidiomycota (0.1%). The distribution patterns of species richness and the Shannon index were different. The Shannon index showed CK<CF<MN, and it increased and then decreased with the decrease of organic fertilizer substitution proportion; the species richness was CK>CF>MN. The results of modified stochasticity ratio indicated that community assembly of bacterial and fungal communities was dominated by deterministic and stochastic processes, respectively. The correlation results indicated that soil multifunctionality was significantly positively correlated with yield and bacterial Shannon index but had no significant relationship with species richness. After incorporating multiple soil variables into the structural equation, the bacterial Shannon index remained positively correlated with soil multifunctionality, and soil multifunctionality exerts a positive effect on wheat yield. Random forest analysis indicated that the predictive effect of rare bacterial taxa on soil multifunctionality was stronger than that of rich bacterial taxa.【Conclusion】Substitution of chemical fertilizer N with 40% organic fertilizer N (M₄₀N₆₀) could achieve a synergistic improvement in crop productivity and soil health. It was recommended to include it in the recommended fertilization program for dryland agriculture on the Loess Plateau.

Key words: dryland, winter wheat, soil microbiome, soil multifunctionality, organic fertilizer substitution of chemical fertilizer

WANG CaiYu, LIU XiaoLi, LI WenGuang, YANG WenPing, YANG ZhenPing, GAO ZhiQiang. Effects of Different Substitution Rates of Organic Fertilizers on Soil Multifunctionality and Its Microbial Driving Mechanisms[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(8): 1712-1726.

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

References 53

[1]	马登科, 殷俐娜, 刘溢健, 杨文稼, 邓西平, 王仕稳. 施氮量对黄土高原旱地冬小麦产量和水分利用效率影响的整合分析. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(3): 486-499. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.03.003.
	MA D K, YIN L N, LIU Y J, YANG W J, DENG X P, WANG S W. A meta-analysis of the effects of nitrogen application rates on yield and water use efficiency of winter wheat in dryland of Loess Plateau. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(3): 486-499. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.03.003. (in Chinese)
[2]	张振, 石玉, 于振文, 张永丽. 不同产量水平麦田植株氮素转运和籽粒氮素积累的差异. 中国农业科学, 2024, 57(13): 2539-2548. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.13.004.
	ZHANG Z, SHI Y, YU Z W, ZHANG Y L. The differences of plant nitrogen transport and grain nitrogen accumulation in different yield levels of wheat field. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(13): 2539-2548. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.13.004. (in Chinese)
[3]	GAO Z Z, ZHAO J C, WANG C, WANG Y X, SHANG M F, ZHANG Z P, CHEN F, CHU Q Q. A six-year record of greenhouse gas emissions in different growth stages of summer maize influenced by irrigation and nitrogen management. Field Crops Research, 2023, 290: 108744. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2022.108744
[4]	LI W G, SHI F, YI S S, FENG T Y, WANG C Y, LI Z Y, ZHENG W, ZHAI B N. Soil multifunctionality predicted by bacterial network complexity explains differences in wheat productivity induced by fertilization management. European Journal of Agronomy, 2024, 153: 127058. doi: 10.1016/j.eja.2023.127058
[5]	李鑫, 张文菊, 邬磊, 任意, 张骏达, 徐明岗. 土壤质量评价指标体系的构建及评价方法. 中国农业科学, 2021, 54(14): 3043-3056. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.14.010.
	LI X, ZHANG W J, WU L, REN Y, ZHANG J D, XU M G. Advance in indicator screening and methodologies of soil quality evaluation. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(14): 3043-3056. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.14.010. (in Chinese)
[6]	李奕赞, 张江周, 贾吉玉, 樊帆, 张福锁, 张俊伶. 农田土壤生态系统多功能性研究进展. 土壤学报, 2022, 59(5): 1177-1189.
	LI Y Z, ZHANG J Z, JIA J Y, FAN F, ZHANG F S, ZHANG J L. Research progresses on farmland soil ecosystem multifunctionality. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2022, 59(5): 1177-1189. (in Chinese)
[7]	宣泽鹏, 冯慧瑶, 陈美淇, 徐基胜, 刘梦璇, 赵炳梓, 张佳宝. 秸秆还田配施化肥对土壤生态系统多功能性的影响. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(14): 2821-2837. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.14.009.
	XUAN Z P, FENG H Y, CHEN M Q, XU J S, LIU M X, ZHAO B Z, ZHANG J B. Effects of straw returning combined with chemical fertilizer on soil ecosystem multifunctionality. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(14): 2821-2837. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.14.009. (in Chinese)
[8]	ZHENG W, ZHAO Z Y, GONG Q L, ZHAI B N, LI Z Y. Effects of cover crop in an apple orchard on microbial community composition, networks, and potential genes involved with degradation of crop residues in soil. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2018, 54(6): 743-759. doi: 10.1007/s00374-018-1298-1
[9]	LUO G W, RENSING C, CHEN H, LIU M Q, WANG M, GUO S W, LING N, SHEN Q R. Deciphering the associations between soil microbial diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality driven by long-term fertilization management. Functional Ecology, 2018, 32(4): 1103-1116. doi: 10.1111/fec.2018.32.issue-4
[10]	马静, 华子宜, 尤云楠, 朱燕峰, 张琦, 陈浮. 东部平原矿区复垦土壤微生物多样性驱动土壤多功能性变化. 土壤学报, 2025, 62(2): 528-542.
	MA J, HUA Z Y, YOU Y N, ZHU Y F, ZHANG Q, CHEN F. The microbial diversity of reclaimed soil drives its multifunctional variation in the eastern plain mining area. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2025, 62(2): 528-542. (in Chinese)
[11]	井新, 贺金生. 生物多样性与生态系统多功能性和多服务性的关系: 回顾与展望. 植物生态学报, 2021, 45(10): 1094-1111. doi: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0154
	JING X, HE J S. Relationship between biodiversity, ecosystem multifunctionality and multiserviceability: Liter-ature overview and research advances. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2021, 45(10): 1094-1111. (in Chinese) doi: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0154
[12]	DELGADO-BAQUERIZO M, MAESTRE F T, REICH P B, JEFFRIES T C, GAITAN J J, ENCINAR D, BERDUGO M, CAMPBELL C D, SINGH B K. Microbial diversity drives multifunctionality in terrestrial ecosystems. Nature Communications, 2016, 7: 10541. doi: 10.1038/ncomms10541
[13]	LOUCA S, POLZ M F, MAZEL F, ALBRIGHT M B N, HUBER J A, O’CONNOR M I, ACKERMANN M, HAHN A S, SRIVASTAVA D S, CROWE S A, DOEBELI M, PARFREY L W. Function and functional redundancy in microbial systems. Nature Ecology and Evolution, 2018, 2: 936-943. doi: 10.1038/s41559-018-0519-1
[14]	PAN J X, LI Y, ZHANG R Y, TIAN D S, WANG P Y, SONG L, QUAN Q, CHEN C, NIU S L, ZHANG X Y, WANG J S. Soil microbial gene abundance rather than diversity and network complexity predominantly determines soil multifunctionality in Tibetan Alpine grasslands along a precipitation gradient. Functional Ecology, 2024, 38(5): 1210-1221. doi: 10.1111/fec.v38.5
[15]	CHEN Q L, DING J, ZHU D, HU H W, DELGADO-BAQUERIZO M, MA Y B, HE J Z, ZHU Y G. Rare microbial taxa as the major drivers of ecosystem multifunctionality in long-term fertilized soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2020, 141: 107686. doi: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2019.107686
[16]	刘小丽. 有机肥替代化肥促进旱地麦田培肥增产的微生物作用机理[D]. 太谷: 山西农业大学, 2023.
	LIU X L. Microbial mechanism of organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer to promote fertilization and yield increase in dryland wheat field[D]. Taigu: Shanxi Agricultural University, 2023. (in Chinese)
[17]	周浩露, 申朝阳, 罗新宇, 黄英惠, 王可心, 王云浩, 高小丽. 氮肥对垄沟集雨种植谷子氮素利用效率及产量的影响. 中国农业科学, 2024, 57(5): 885-899. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.05.005.
	ZHOU H L, SHEN C Y, LUO X Y, HUANG Y H, WANG K X, WANG Y H, GAO X L. The effect of nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen use efficiency and yield of foxtail millet in ridge-furrow rainwater harvesting planting model. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(5): 885-899. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.05.005. (in Chinese)
[18]	鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析. 3版. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2000.
	BAO S D. Soil and Agricultural Chemistry Analysis. 3rd ed. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2000. (in Chinese)
[19]	LI W G, MA L, SHI F, WANG S T, ZHAO J R, ZHENG W, LI Z J, LI Z Y, ZHAI B N. Regulation of soil water and nitrate by optimizing nitrogen fertilization and the addition of manure based on precipitation: an 8-year field record. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2023, 354: 108586. doi: 10.1016/j.agee.2023.108586
[20]	易树生. 长期有机无机肥配施对西北旱地麦田土壤物理性质的影响[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2024.
	YI S S. Effects of long-term combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil physics in dry wheat fields in northwest China[D]. Yangling: Northwest A&F University, 2024. (in Chinese)
[21]	关松荫. 土壤酶及其研究法. 北京: 农业出版社, 1986.
	GUAN S Y. Soil Enzyme and Its Research Method. Beijing: Agriculture Press, 1986. (in Chinese)
[22]	MARTIN M. Cutadapt removes adapter sequences from high- throughput sequencing reads. EMBnet Journal, 2011, 17(1): 10.
[23]	CHEN S F, ZHOU Y Q, CHEN Y R, GU J. Fastp: An ultra-fast all-in-one FASTQ preprocessor. Bioinformatics, 2018, 34(17): i884-i890.
[24]	WOOD D E, LU J, LANGMEAD B. Improved metagenomic analysis with Kraken 2. Genome Biology, 2019, 20(1): 257. doi: 10.1186/s13059-019-1891-0
[25]	LI D H, LIU C M, LUO R B, SADAKANE K, LAM T W. MEGAHIT: An ultra-fast single-node solution for large and complex metagenomics assembly via succinct de Bruijn graph. Bioinformatics, 2015, 31(10): 1674-1676. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btv033
[26]	STEINEGGER M, SÖDING J. MMseqs 2 enables sensitive protein sequence searching for the analysis of massive data sets. Nature Biotechnology, 2017, 35(11): 1026-1028. doi: 10.1038/nbt.3988
[27]	ZHU W H, LOMSADZE A, BORODOVSKY M. Abinitio gene identification in metagenomic sequences. Nucleic Acids Research, 2010, 38(12): e132. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkq275
[28]	PATRO R, DUGGAL G, LOVE M I, IRIZARRY R A, KINGSFORD C. Salmon provides fast and bias-aware quantification of transcript expression. Nature Methods, 2017, 14(4): 417-419. doi: 10.1038/nmeth.4197 pmid: 28263959
[29]	徐炜, 井新, 马志远, 贺金生. 生态系统多功能性的测度方法. 生物多样性, 2016, 24(1): 72-84. doi: 10.17520/biods.2015170
	XU W, JING X, MA Z Y, HE J S. A review on the measurement of ecosystem multifunctionality. Biodiversity Science, 2016, 24(1): 72-84. (in Chinese) doi: 10.17520/biods.2015170
[30]	李文广. 旱地麦田有机无机肥配施的减氮增效潜力及机理研究[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2024.
	LI W G. Study on the potential and mechanism of nitrogen reduction and synergistic effect of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers in dryland wheat fields[D]. Yangling: Northwest A & F University, 2024. (in Chinese)
[31]	LIU L, YAN R, ZHU L, YANG Y, GAO Z Y, YANG W J, LIU J S. Balanced phosphorus fertilization enhances soil bacterial network complexity to maintain multifunctionality and plant production in dryland agricultural systems. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2023, 356: 108647. doi: 10.1016/j.agee.2023.108647
[32]	史帆, 李文广, 易树生, 杨娜, 陈玉萌, 郑伟, 张雪辰, 李紫燕, 翟丙年. 有机无机肥配施下旱地麦田土壤有机碳组分含量的变化特征. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(4): 719-732. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.04.008.
	SHI F, LI W G, YI S S, YANG N, CHEN Y M, ZHENG W, ZHANG X C, LI Z Y, ZHAI B N. The variation characteristics of soil organic carbon fractions under the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(4): 719-732. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.04.008. (in Chinese)
[33]	李永华, 武雪萍, 何刚, 王朝辉. 我国麦田有机肥替代化学氮肥的产量及经济环境效应. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(23): 4879-4890. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.23.013.
	LI Y H, WU X P, HE G, WANG Z H. Benefits of yield, environment and economy from substituting fertilizer by manure for wheat production of China. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(23): 4879-4890. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.23.013. (in Chinese)
[34]	REGELINK I C, STOOF C R, ROUSSEVA S, WENG L P, LAIR G J, KRAM P, NIKOLAIDIS N P, KERCHEVA M, BANWART S, COMANS R N J. Linkages between aggregate formation, porosity and soil chemical properties. Geoderma, 2015, 247: 24-37.
[35]	谭文峰, 许运, 史志华, 蔡鹏, 黄巧云. 胶结物质驱动的土壤团聚体形成过程与稳定机制. 土壤学报, 2023, 60(5): 1297-1308.
	TAN W F, XU Y, SHI Z H, CAI P, HUANG Q Y. The formation process and stabilization mechanism of soil aggregates driven by binding materials. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2023, 60(5): 1297-1308. (in Chinese)
[36]	QASWAR M, HUANG J, AHMED W, LI D C, LIU S J, ZHANG L, CAI A D, LIU L S, XU Y M, GAO J S, ZHANG H M. Yield sustainability, soil organic carbon sequestration and nutrients balance under long-term combined application of manure and inorganic fertilizers in acidic paddy soil. Soil and Tillage Research, 2020, 198: 104569. doi: 10.1016/j.still.2019.104569
[37]	WU S W, SUN X C, TAN Q L, HU C X. Molybdenum improves water uptake via extensive root morphology, aquaporin expressions and increased ionic concentrations in wheat under drought stress. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2019, 157: 241-249. doi: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2018.10.013
[38]	LI W G, ZHAO J R, FENG T Y, ZHANG X C, LI Z Y, ZHENG W, ZHAI B N. Bacterial-fungal interKingdom interactions mediate effects of biodiversity on soil carbon dynamics in wheat fields under long-term fertilization. Applied Soil Ecology, 2025, 211: 106167. doi: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106167
[39]	朱雪峰, 孔维栋, 黄懿梅, 肖可青, 罗煜, 安韶山, 梁超. 土壤微生物碳泵概念体系2.0. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(1): 102-110. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202401.018
	ZHU X F, KONG W D, HUANG Y M, XIAO K Q, LUO Y, AN S S, LIANG C. Soil microbial carbon pump conceptual framework 2.0. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2024, 35(1): 102-110. (in Chinese) doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202401.018
[40]	LI K L, ZHANG H Y, LI X L, WANG C, ZHANG J L, JIANG R F, FENG G, LIU X J, ZUO Y M, YUAN H M, ZHANG C C, GAI J P, TIAN J. Field management practices drive ecosystem multifunctionality in a smallholder-dominated agricultural system. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2021, 313: 107389. doi: 10.1016/j.agee.2021.107389
[41]	HAN S, TAN S, WANG A C, CHEN W L, HUANG Q Y. Bacterial rather than fungal diversity and community assembly drive soil multifunctionality in a subtropical forest ecosystem. Environmental Microbiology Reports, 2022, 14(1): 85-95. doi: 10.1111/emi4.v14.1
[42]	JIAO S, YANG Y F, XU Y Q, ZHANG J, LU Y H. Balance between community assembly processes mediates species coexistence in agricultural soil microbiomes across Eastern China. The ISME Journal, 2020, 14(1): 202-216. doi: 10.1038/s41396-019-0522-9
[43]	ZHANG Q, WANG X, ZHANG Z J, LIU H Y, LIU Y Y, FENG Y Z, YANG G H, REN C J, HAN X H. Linking soil bacterial community assembly with the composition of organic carbon during forest succession. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2022, 173: 108790. doi: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2022.108790
[44]	BAO Y Y, FENG Y Z, STEGEN J C, WU M, CHEN R R, LIU W J, ZHANG J W, LI Z P, LIN X G. Straw chemistry links the assembly of bacterial communities to decomposition in paddy soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2020, 148: 107866. doi: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2020.107866
[45]	LUO J P, LIAO G C, BANERJEE S, GU S H, LIANG J B, GUO X Y, ZHAO H P, LIANG Y C, LI T Q. Long-term organic fertilization promotes the resilience of soil multifunctionality driven by bacterial communities. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2023, 177: 108922. doi: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2022.108922
[46]	ZHENG Q, HU Y T, ZHANG S S, NOLL L, BÖCKLE T, DIETRICH M, HERBOLD C W, EICHORST S A, WOEBKEN D, RICHTER A, WANEK W. Soil multifunctionality is affected by the soil environment and by microbial community composition and diversity. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2019, 136: 107521. doi: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2019.107521
[47]	王庆峰, 褚长彬, 赵峥, 吴淑杭, 周德平. 草莓连作对土壤微生物及碳氮磷功能基因丰度的影响. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(17): 3488-3502. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.17.010.
	WANG Q F, CHU C B, ZHAO Z, WU S H, ZHOU D P. Effects of strawberry continuous cropping on soil microbial community composition and carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism gene abundance. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(17): 3488-3502. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.17.010. (in Chinese)
[48]	SHANNON C E. A mathematical theory of communication. The Bell System Technical Journal, 1948, 27(3): 379-423. doi: 10.1002/bltj.1948.27.issue-3
[49]	郭晗玥, 王东升, 阮杨, 乔亦铸, 张芸滔, 李玲, 黄启为, 郭世伟, 凌宁, 沈其荣. 西瓜连作根际土壤微生物群落演替特征. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(21): 4245-4258. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.21.009.
	GUO H Y, WANG D S, RUAN Y, QIAO Y Z, ZHANG Y T, LI L, HUANG Q W, GUO S W, LING N, SHEN Q R. Characteristics and succession of rhizosphere soil microbial communities in continuous cropping watermelon. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(21): 4245-4258. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.21.009. (in Chinese)
[50]	方临川, 胡紫莹, 崔庆亮, 杨阳, 梁玉婷, 蔡鹏, 渠晨晨, 高春辉, 焦硕, 刘玉荣, 黄巧云, 谭文峰. 合成菌群构建与应用: 提升土壤健康新策略. 土壤学报, 2025, 62(5): 1233-1245.
	FANG L C, HU Z Y, CUI Q L, YANG Y, LIANG Y T, CAI P, QU C C, GAO C H, JIAO S, LIU Y R, HUANG Q Y, TAN W F. Construction and application of synthetic communities: A new strategy to improve soil health. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2025, 62(5): 1233-1245. (in Chinese)
[51]	LIU X P, WANG H T, WU Y J, BI Q F, DING K, LIN X Y. Manure application effects on subsoils: Abundant taxa initiate the diversity reduction of rare bacteria and community functional alterations. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2022, 174: 108816. doi: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2022.108816
[52]	FIERER N. Embracing the unknown: disentangling the complexities of the soil microbiome. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2017, 15(10): 579-590. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro.2017.87 pmid: 28824177
[53]	LYNCH M D J, NEUFELD J D. Ecology and exploration of the rare biosphere. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2015, 13(4): 217-229. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro3400 pmid: 25730701

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

Comments

Recommended 0

No Suggested Reading articles found!

处理 Treatment	有机肥 Organic fertilization	化肥 Chemical fertilization			养分输入总量 Total nutrient input
处理 Treatment	有机肥 Organic fertilization	N	P₂O₅	K₂O	N	P₂O₅	K₂O
CK	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
CF	0	150	90	60	150	90	60
M₂₀N₈₀	1293.2	120	72.0	48.3	150	90	60
M₄₀N₆₀	2586.4	90	54.0	36.7	150	90	60
M₆₀N₄₀	3879.6	60	36.1	25.1	150	90	60
M₈₀N₂₀	5172.8	30	18.1	13.4	150	90	60

Effects of Different Substitution Rates of Organic Fertilizers on Soil Multifunctionality and Its Microbial Driving Mechanisms

RichHTML

PDF

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 8

References 53

Related Articles 15

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 0

[1]	ZHU Qi, JIA ZhenPeng, Tahir SHAH, XU ChenSheng, LI ZhiQi, LÜ HuiShuai, ZHU PengChao, WEI XiaoMin, HUANG DongLin, SUN YanNi, CAO WeiDong, GAO YaJun, WANG ZhaoHui, ZHANG DaBin. Green Manure Crops Combined with Enhanced-Efficiency Products Reduced Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Carbon Footprints in Dryland Wheat Fields [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(7): 1507-1522.
[2]	QIAN Jin, LI YingXue, WU Fang, ZOU XiaoChen. Improved Leaf Phosphorus Content Estimation of Winter Wheat Using Ensemble Hyperspectral Dimensionality Reduction Method [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(4): 781-792.
[3]	KONG Yuan, CUI ShaSha, LI Mei, LI Jian, YANG SiYu, FANG Feng, LIU ShuaiShuai, LIU MingPing, ZENG Yan, GAO XingXiang, BAI LianYang. Spatiotemporal Distribution Dynamics of Five Grass Weed Species Including Lolium multiflorum in Winter Wheat Fields of the Huang- Huai-Hai Region [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(4): 807-823.
[4]	XIAN QingLin, XIAO JianKe, GAO AQing, GAO LiChuang, LIU Yang. Effects of Planting Patterns Combined with Soil Moisture Measurement and Supplementary Irrigation on the Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(3): 589-601.
[5]	LÜ XuDong, SUN ShiYuan, LI YaNan, LIU YuLong, WANG YanQun, FU Xin, ZHANG JiaYing, NING Peng, PENG ZhengPing. Effects of Intelligent Mechanized Layered Fertilization on Root-Soil Nutrient Distribution and Yield in Wheat Fields [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(1): 129-146.
[6]	PU LiXia, ZHANG JiaRui, YE JianPing, HUANG XiuLan, FAN GaoQiong, YANG HongKun. The Combined Effects of 16, 17-Dihydro Gibberellin A₅ and Straw Mulching on Tillering and Grain Yield of Dryland Wheat [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(9): 1735-1748.
[7]	ZHANG HaoXin, YU ShengYue, LEI QiuLiang, DU XinZhong, ZHANG Jizong, AN MiaoYing, FAN BingQian, LUO JiaFa, LIU HongBin. Simulating Soil Organic Carbon Dynamic Changes in Dryland and Paddy Field of Northeast China Using RothC Model [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(8): 1564-1578.
[8]	SHI Fan, LI WenGuang, YI ShuSheng, YANG Na, CHEN YuMeng, ZHENG Wei, ZHANG XueChen, LI ZiYan, ZHAI BingNian. The Variation Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon Fractions Under the Combined Application of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(4): 719-732.
[9]	MU ShuJia, DONG LiXia, LI Guang, YAN ZhenGang, LU YuLan. Optimization of N₂O Emission Parameters in Dryland Spring Wheat Farmland Soil Based on Whale Optimization Algorithm [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(3): 537-547.
[10]	FANG KangRui, DING ShiJie, CHEN YuShan, YANG BingGeng, GUO TengFei, XU XinPeng, ZHAO ShiCheng, WANG XiuBin, HUANG ShaoMin, QIU ShaoJun, HE Ping, ZHOU Wei. In-Season Release Rate of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Manure Fertilizers During the Wheat Season in Typical Fluvo-Aquic Soil Under the Combined Application of Chemical and Manure Fertilizers [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(24): 5234-5246.
[11]	ZHANG Feng, XU JunFeng, GAO ZhiYuan, DANG HaiYan, GUO RongBo, SHE WenTing, LI WenHu, LIU JinShan, WANG ZhaoHui. Optimizing Wheat Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates Based on Apparent Nitrogen and Phosphorus Balance in a Long-Term Location Fixed Field Experiment [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(22): 4688-4702.
[12]	ZHANG HaiRui, JIA AngYuan, GAO QiQi, HAN ZheQun, NAN ShanShan, DUAN BiHua, WU XuePing. The Effects of Biochar Combined with Fulvic Acid on the Physical and Chemical Properties, Enzyme Activities and Multifunctionality of Soil in Coastal Saline-Alkali Land [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(20): 4178-4188.
[13]	SHE YingJun, ZHOU ZiZhe, WU Ming, GUO Wei, SHI ChangJian, HU Chao, LI Ping. Effects of Groundwater Depth and Nitrogen Application on the Distribution of Soil Water and Salt and the Nutrient Absorption and Utilization of Winter Wheat [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(20): 4285-4304.
[14]	WANG RongRong, XU NingLu, HUANG XiuLi, ZHAO KaiNan, HUANG Ming, WANG HeZheng, FU GuoZhan, WU JinZhi, LI YouJun. Effects of One-Off Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilizer Management on Grain Yield and Quality in Dryland Wheat [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(1): 43-57.
[15]	GAO XingXiang, KONG Yuan, ZHANG YaoZhong, LI Mei, LI Jian, JIN Yan, ZHANG GuoFu, LIU ShuaiShuai, LIU MingPing, ZENG Yan, BAI LianYang. Analysis on Distribution and Change of Weed Community in Winter Wheat Field in Henan Province [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(1): 91-100.