重茬条件下距原栽植行不同距离对G935自根砧‘宫藤富士’幼树树体生长和果实产量的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.17.014

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The effects of five different planting distances from the original planting line on the growth of young apple trees of G935 dwarf self-heeling rootstock Miyato Fuji were investigated and studied for four consecutive years, and the resistance to repeated cropping of G935 dwarf self-heeling rootstock grafted Miyato Fuji was evaluated, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the renewal of old and inefficient apple orchards and the upgrading of cultivation models in China. 【Method】 In the spring of 2018, the 12-year-old apple tree (Miyato Fuji/SH6/seedling stock) was planted, without soil sterilization, adding organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizer and biological microbial fertilizer, and the G935 dwarf self-rooting stock Miyato Fuji seedlings (2-year root and 1-year dry) were directly planted at different distances (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 m) from the original planting line, and the fine spinning hammer tree shape was used for pruning. The differences in tree growth, leaf function, early flowering and early fruiting, and fruit yield and quality of young trees of G935 dwarf self-rooting rootstock Miyato Fuji were investigated under 5 treatments for 4 consecutive years after planting. 【Result】 Under the condition of replanting, there was no significant difference in the growth, leaf function, early flowering and early fruiting, and fruit yield and quality of G935 dwarf self-rooting rootstock Miyato Fuji at different distances from the original planting line. Within 4 years after replanting, with the growth of tree age, the height, trunk diameter and number of main branches of Fuji trees under five treatments increased year by year. In the fourth year after replanting, the average number of main branches in each treatment reached more than 30. From the second year of planting, the proportion of long branches under each treatment decreased year by year, and the proportion of short branches increased year by year. In the fourth year of continuous cropping, there was no significant difference in the growth of new shoots, chlorophyll content of leaves, net photosynthetic rate and one hundred leaves weight (fresh weight and dry weight) of Fuji trees under different treatments; the average yield per plant and fruit quality (average fruit weight, fruit shape index, titratable acid content, soluble solid content, and fruit solid-acid ratio) of Fuji fruit under all treatments were similar, without significant difference. 【Conclusion】 Under the condition of replanting in continuous cropping, there was no significant difference in the growth, leaf function, early flowering and early fruiting, fruit yield and quality of the young trees planted with G935 dwarf self-rooting rootstock Miyato Fuji at different distances from the original planting line four years before planting. The branch composition of the trees in each treatment was reasonable, the tree vigor was moderate and not weak, the flowering was early, and the fruit quality was good. G935 was suitable for replanting in continuous cropping, and the effect of resistance to repeated cropping was not affected by the distance from the original planting line.

Key words: continuous cropping cultivation, G935 rootstock, dwarfing rootstock, Miyato Fuji apple, tree growth, fruit yield

LI MinJi, LI XingLiang, ZHANG Qiang, ZHOU Jia, YANG YuZhang, ZHOU BeiBei, ZHANG JunKe, WEI QinPing. Effects of Different Distances from Original Planting Row on Tree Growth and Fruit Yield of Young Trees of G935 Dwarf Rootstock Miyato Fuji Under Continuous Cropping[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(17): 3412-3419.

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References 36

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不同处理 Different treatments	新梢长度 Length of new branches (cm)	叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll content (mg∙g^-1)	净光合速率 Net photosynthesis rate (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	百叶重鲜重 Fresh weight of one hundred leaves (g)	百叶重干重 Dry weight of one hundred leaves (g)
0 m	61.5a	65.21a	12.39a	103.28a	36.99a
0.5 m	58.9a	66.14a	12.24a	104.57a	37.08a
1 m	59.4a	65.21a	12.07a	106.47a	37.24a
1.5 m	61.1a	65.48a	12.17a	102.89a	36.92a
2 m	60.7a	66.39a	12.19a	103.66a	37.11a

不同处理 Different treatments	成花株率 The rate of flowering plant (%)
不同处理 Different treatments	2020年	2021年
0 m	24.6a	100a
0.5 m	21.9a	100a
1 m	20.8a	100a
1.5 m	21.6a	100a
2 m	20.7a	100a

不同处理 Different treatments	平均单株产量 The average yield of single plant (kg)	平均单果重 Mean fruit mass (g)	果形指数 Fruit figure index	可溶性固形物含量 Soluble solids (%)	可滴定酸含量 Titratable acidity (%)	固酸比 TSS/TA
0 m	10.98±1.63a	211.47a	0.86a	16.4a	0.30a	54.33a
0.5 m	11.08±1.74a	218.18a	0.85a	16.4a	0.29a	56.21a
1 m	10.69±2.02a	223.50a	0.85a	15.9a	0.29a	54.83a
1.5 m	11.32±1.39a	224.93a	0.84a	16.0a	0.28a	57.14a
2 m	10.88±2.41a	216.87 a	0.86a	16.2a	0.30a	54.00a

Effects of Different Distances from Original Planting Row on Tree Growth and Fruit Yield of Young Trees of G935 Dwarf Rootstock Miyato Fuji Under Continuous Cropping

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