Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2020, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (19): 4045-4056.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.19.017

• HORTICULTURE • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Screening and Inheritance of Fruit Storage-Related Traits Based on Reciprocal Cross of Southern×Northern High Bush Blueberry (Vaccinium Linn)

LIU YouChun1,2(),LIU WeiSheng1,WANG XingDong1,YANG YanMin1,WEI Xin1,SUN Bin1,ZHANG Duo1,YANG YuChun1,LIU Cheng1(),LI TianZhong2()   

  1. 1Liaoning Institute of Pomology, Yingkou 115009, Liaoning
    2College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193
  • Received:2020-02-24 Accepted:2020-04-21 Online:2020-10-01 Published:2020-10-19
  • Contact: Cheng LIU,TianZhong LI E-mail:liuyouchun911@126.com;stevecliu@hotmail.com;litianzhong1535@163.com

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study was aimed to screen the diagnostic phenotypic traits for the storability of blueberry fruit and analyze their inheritance to assist the storage improvement breeding. 【Method】 Seven phenotypic traits were investigated, including stem scar, berry firmness, soluble solids content, acid content, fruit weight, fruit index and storability, among which the storability related traits was screened through correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA), and the inheritance was analyzed with reciprocal cross progenies.【Result】 The correlation analysis and PCA showed that stem scar was negatively correlated with fruit storability (P<0.001), but berry firmness was positively correlated with fruit storability (P<0.01). Both stem scar and berry firmness played major roles in the development of the storability of blueberry fruit. The storage test of fruit with and without stalk revealed that stem scar had a great influence on the storability of blueberry. The size of stem scar and berry firmness presented normal distributions in reciprocal populations with the coefficient of variation of more than 15%, suggesting that stem scar and berry firmness were quantitatively controlled by polygenes. The mean of stem scar in the reciprocal populations was similar to the mid-parental values, and its broad sense heritability (H2) in reciprocal populations were 0.887 and 0.867, respectively, indicating that the variations of stem scar mainly resulted from inheritance, and were mainly affected by additive effects. The mean of berry firmness in both reciprocal populations was prone to low value parent, and its broad sense heritability was 0.585 and 0.514, respectively in reciprocal populations, indicating that berry firmness was affected to a great extent by environmental effects. 【Conclusion】 The stem scar and berry firmness were the major traits for blueberry fruit storability. The inheritance of stem scar inclined to the mid-parental value, and its variation was mainly controlled with genetic effects, while berry firmness value tended to the low-value parent with large environmental effects.

Key words: blueberry, storability, stem scar, berry firmness, reciprocal population, genetic heritability

Table 1

Test materials"

栽培/杂交组合类型组合
Cultivation/Hybrid cross type
品种份数
Accessions of variety
品种名称
Name of variety
北高丛越橘
V. corymbosum northern highbush (NHB)
12 斯巴坦 Spartan,蓝丰 Bluecrop,伯克利 Berkeley,泽西Jersey,布里吉塔 Brigitta,杜克 Duke,埃利奥特 Elliott,晚蓝 Lateblue,达柔 Darrow,喜来 Sierra,日出 Sunrise,早蓝 Earliblue
南高丛越橘
V. corymbosum southern highbush (SHB)
7 奥尼尔 O'Neal,密斯梯 Misty,佐治亚宝石 Georgiagem,莱格西 Legacy,比洛克西Biloxi,N6,N5
半高丛越橘 V. corymbosum half-highbush 4 北陆 Northland,北村 Northcountry,齐佩瓦 Chippewa,北蓝 Northblue
矮丛越橘 V. augustifolium 1 美登Blomidon
兔眼越橘 V.virgatum 2 园蓝 Gardenblue,梯扶蓝 Tifblue
北高丛×北高丛
NHB×NHB
33 斯巴坦 Spartan×蓝丰 Bluecrop,泽西Jersey×斯巴坦 Spartan,康维尔Coville×斯巴坦 Spartan
北高丛×南高丛 NHB×SHB 29 斯巴坦 Spartan×N6,斯巴坦 Spartan×奥尼尔 O'Neal,伯克利 Berkeley×N6
南高丛×北高丛 SHB×NHB 17 N5×伯克利 Berkeley,N6×斯巴坦 Spartan
南高丛×南高丛 SHB×SHB 19 奥尼尔 O'Neal×密斯梯 Misty

Fig. 1

A range of seven traits of blueberry fruit tested The height in a box is equal to the interquartile distance,indicating the distribution for 50% of the data, the horizontal lines in the interior of each box are the median values. Approximately 99% of the data falls inside the whiskers (the dotted lines extending from the top and bottom of the box). The data outside these whiskers are indicated by asterisk (*)"

Table 2

Correlation analysis among tested traits of blueberry fruit"

指标
Index
单果重
Fruit weight
果蒂痕
Stem scar
果型指数
Index
果实硬度
Berry firmness
可溶性固形物含量
Soluble solids content
酸含量
Acid content
贮藏性
Storability
单果重 Fruit weight 1
果蒂痕 Stem scar 0.1 1
果型指数 Index -0.724*** -0.136 1
果实硬度 Berry firmness 0.147 -0.146 -0.105 1
可溶性固形物含量 Soluble solids content -0.227* 0.113 0.142 -0.034 1
酸含量 Acid content -0.201 -0.167 0.245* 0.077 0.105 1
贮藏性 Storability -0.053 -0.527*** -0.03 0.315** 0.145 0.118 1

Fig. 2

Effect of stem scar size on blueberry storability(4℃ storage for 20 days) A-D represent stem scar size. A: ≤1.0 mm, B:1.1—2.0 mm, C:2.1—3.0, D: >3.0 mm. Left: storage with fruit stalks, Right: storage without fruit stalks"

Table 3

Firmness change of blueberry fruit during 4℃ storage"

处理
Treatment
贮藏前果实硬度
Berry firmness before storage (kg?cm-2)
带柄贮藏 Storage with fruit stalks 脱柄贮藏 Storage without fruit stalks
20 d后果实硬度
Berry firmness of after 20 days (kg?cm-2)
降低幅度
Reduced extent of berry firmness (%)
新鲜/皱缩/发霉
Fresh/shrunk/
moldy
20 d后果实硬度
Berry firmness of after 20 days (kg?cm-2)
降低幅度
Reduced extent of berry firmness (%)
新鲜/皱缩/发霉
Fresh/shrunk/
moldy
A 0.227 0.206 9.25 新鲜 Fresh 0.097 57.27 皱缩 Shrunk
B 0.256 0.222 13.28 新鲜 Fresh 0.103 59.77 皱缩 Shrunk
C 0.232 0.200 13.79 新鲜 Fresh 0.079 65.95 皱缩 Shrunk
D 0.206 0.184 14.81 新鲜 Fresh 0.061 71.76 皱缩+发霉 Shrunk+Moldy

Table 4

PCs scores of blueberry tested traits"

主成分
Principal component
特征值
Eigenvalue
方差贡献率
Variance contribution rate (%)
累计方差贡献率
Cumulative variance contribution rate (%)
1 2.001 28.583 28.583
2 1.691 24.159 52.742
3 1.023 14.610 67.352
4 0.873 12.476 79.828

Fig. 3

Plots of blueberry tested trait for the first two PCs The percentage in brackets represents the variance contribution rate of each principal component"

Table 5

Broad-sense heritability and transgressive inheritance of stem scar size and berry firmness in progeny populations"

性状
Trait
亲本 Parent 正交群体 N6×Berkeley 反交群体 Berkeley×N6
N6 Berkeley ?P ?x±S 范围Range CV
(%)
H2 HM (%) HH (%) LL
(%)
?x±S 范围 Range CV (%) H2 HM (%) HH (%) LL
(%)
果蒂痕大小
Stem scar size
(mm)
1.964 3.501 2.732 2.847±0.534 1.412–
4.29
18.750 0.887 48.538 5.848 9.357 2.683±0.579 0.750–4.018 21.590 0.867 61.667 10.000 6.667
果实硬度
Berry firmness (kg?cm-2)
0.189 0.278 0.234 0.185±0.035 0.080–
0.27
18.900 0.535 10.526 1.754 53.801 0.186±0.038 0.086–
0.282
20.240 0.514 9.167 0.000 56.667

Fig. 4

Histogram of frequency distribution and probability density curve of stem scar size and berry firmness in blueberry reciprocal populations A and B represent population of Berkeley×N6, C and D represent population of N6×Berkeley, dotted line represent mean value of population"

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