基于TVDI的内蒙古草地干旱变化特征分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.13.020

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the spatio-temporal characteristics of temperature vegetation drought index (TVDI) in the grassland area of Inner Mongolia in the past 18 years and to explore the relationship between TVDI and meteorological factors, so as to provide theoretical reference for ecological warning and ecological restoration of the study area. 【Method】 Based on MODIS enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and land surface temperature (LST) products to build Ts-EVI characteristic space, according to the characteristic space to calculate TVDI, for normal value of accumulated year of TVDI using unary the Theil-Sen Median trend analysis and Mann-Kendall examination to study the spatial distribution, time-varying characteristics and spatiotemporal evolution trend of drought in the study area during 18 years. 【Result】 On the whole, the average drought degree of grassland in Inner Mongolia is high in southwest and low in northeast, and the average annual TVDI of all grassland types is in order of temperate desert type>temperate steppe-desert type>temperate desert-steppe type>marsh type>temperate steppe type>temperate meadow-steppe type>lowland meadow type>montane meadow type. Among them, the desert grasslands (temperate desert type, temperate steppe-desert type and temperate desert-steppe type) are mainly in the state of severe and mild drought, while non-desert grasslands (temperate steppe type, temperate meadow steppe type, lowland meadow type, mountain meadow type and marsh type) are mainly in the state of mild drought, normal state and mild wetness. Over the past 18 years, the desert grassland has been gradually drying out. In contrast, the non-desert grassland is basically getting wet slowly except for temperate steppe type. In terms of spatial distribution, the total area ratios of the three types of desert grasslands with stable drought degree and drying tendency (slight drying, drying and significant drying) are respectively 44.93% and 55.01%. The total area ratios of the five types of non-desert grassland with stable drought degree and wetting trend (slightly wetting, wetting and significantly wetting) were 72.19% and 24.27%, respectively. 【Conclusion】 Therefore, in the past 18 years, the drought situation of desert grassland is mainly stable and continuous drying, and there are more areas that keep drying, so the ecological environment of grassland continues to deteriorate. The drought situation of non-desert grassland is mainly stable, a small part of the area has a tendency of becoming wet, so the ecological environment of grassland is improving steadily. In addition, the lack of precipitation has a significant effect on the drought degree of non-desert grassland, but not on the desert grassland. The increase of temperature only has a significant effect on the drought degree of the temperate steppe type and the temperate steppe-desert type.

Key words: temperature vegetation drought index, remote sensing, spatial and temporal characteristics, Inner Mongolia, grassland type

CHENG Wei, XIN XiaoPing. Analysis of Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of Drought Variation in Grassland Area of Inner Mongolia Based on TVDI[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(13): 2728-2742.

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日序Day of year	干边Dry edge	湿边 Wet edge
2007001	Tsmax = -82.87x+11.56 (R²=0.83)	Tsmin= 40.12x-34.74 (R²=0.70)
2007017	Tsmax = -90.54x+15.04 (R²=0.80)	Tsmin= 20.20x-26.08 (R²=0.44)
2007033	Tsmax = -97.38x+15.04 (R²=0.81)	Tsmin= 33.15x-25.03 (R²=0.74)
2007049	Tsmax = -145.5x+34.04 (R²=0.85)	Tsmin= 49.65x-26.43 (R²=0.77)
2007065	Tsmax = -172.65x+37.75 (R²=0.87)	Tsmin= 61.21x-24.82 (R²=0.51)
2007081	Tsmax = -203.46x+49.17 (R²=0.85)	Tsmin= 31.51x-11.72 (R²=0.43)
2007097	Tsmax = -148.72x+48.57 (R²=0.90)	Tsmin= 64.58x-11.61 (R²=0.71)
2007113	Tsmax = -140.01x+56.65 (R²=0.73)	Tsmin= -13.78x+9.54 (R²=0.16)
2007129	Tsmax = -32.86x+43.75 (R²=0.83)	Tsmin= 41.38x+0.76 (R²=0.78)
2007145	Tsmax = -42.46x+52.65 (R²=0.92)	Tsmin= -2.33x+20.41 (R²=0.03)
2007161	Tsmax = -41.11x+56.77 (R²=0.95)	Tsmin=-7.85x+23.16 (R²=0.29)
2007177	Tsmax = -39.30x+58.04 (R²=0.96)	Tsmin= -5.74x+24.22 (R²=0.13)
2007193	Tsmax = -36.77x+55.14 (R²=0.95)	Tsmin= -2.93x+20.76 (R²=0.03)
2007209	Tsmax = -39.59x+58.42 (R²=0.94)	Tsmin= -4.29x+22.52 (R²=0.16)
2007225	Tsmax = -33.28x+50.68 (R²=0.93)	Tsmin= -11.03x+25.73 (R²=0.45)
2007241	Tsmax = -39.86x+50.00 (R²=0.93)	Tsmin= 4.31x+16.25 (R²=0.05)
2007257	Tsmax = -46.32x+44.40 (R²=0.90)	Tsmin= 7.98x+7.82 (R²=0.21)
2007273	Tsmax = -41.59x+35.04 (R²=0.93)	Tsmin= 52.85x-3.67 (R²=0.69)
2007289	Tsmax = -110.85x+37.67 (R²=0.90)	Tsmin= 27.34x-9.22 (R²=0.34)
2007305	Tsmax = -77.21x+23.40 (R²=0.84)	Tsmin= 32.70x-14.35 (R²=0.53)
2007321	Tsmax = -96.06x+17.73 (R²=0.84)	Tsmin= 36.85x-30.38 (R²=0.71)
2007337	Tsmax = -78.62x+11.81 (R²=0.85)	Tsmin= 29.30x-30.69 (R²=0.63)
2007353	Tsmax = -84.95x+14.68 (R²=0.88)	Tsmin= 29.17x-31.44 (R²=0.56)

干旱等级Drought grades	TVDI值TVDI value
重度湿润Severe wetness	0<TVDI≤0.2
轻度湿润Mild wetness	0.2<TVDI≤0.4
正常Normal state	0.4<TVDI≤0.6
轻度干旱Mild drought	0.6<TVDI≤0.8
重度干旱Severe drought	0.8<TVDI≤1.0

草地类型 Grassland type	回归方程 Regression equation	R²	显著性 Significance	TVDI趋势 Trend of TVDI	干旱趋势 Trend of drought
TMS	y = -0.0036x + 0.5725	0.4428	P<0.01	减小 Decrease	变湿 Wet
TDS	y = 0.0026x + 0.6297	0.279	P<0.05	增加 Increase	变干 Dry
TSD	y = 0.003x + 0.6846	0.4666	P<0.01	增加 Increase	变干 Dry
TD	y = 0.0025x + 0.7812	0.4091	P<0.01	增加 Increase	变干 Dry
LM	y = -0.0018x + 0.526	0.3518	P<0.01	减小 Decrease	变湿 Wet
MM	y = -0.0036x + 0.4641	0.4956	P<0.01	减小 Decrease	变湿 Wet
M	y = -0.0015x + 0.6542	0.307	P<0.05	减小 Decrease	变湿 Wet

β	\|Zc\|
β	\|Zc\|≤1.960	1.960<\|Zc\|≤2.576	2.576<\|Zc\|≤3.291	\|Zc\|>3.291
β≤-0.001	稳定不变Stable	轻微变湿Wet slightly	变湿Wet	显著变湿Wet significantly
-0.001<β≤0.001	稳定不变Stable	稳定不变Stable	稳定不变Stable	稳定不变Stable
β>0.001	稳定不变Stable	轻微变干Dry slightly	变干Dry	显著变干Dry significantly

变化类型Change type	TMS	TS	TDS	TSD	TD	LM	MM	M
显著变湿Wet significantly	2.83	0.33	0	0	0	2.23	3.54	1.12
变湿Wet	18.67	2.42	0.02	0	0.02	10.23	17.30	7.44
轻微变湿Wet slightly	28.44	9.39	0.04	0.02	0.04	18.58	31.77	16.93
稳定不变Stable	49.98	84.02	63.43	33.93	37.98	63.68	47.37	63.02
轻微变干Dry slightly	0.07	2.91	22.17	32.38	34.13	3.61	0.02	9.91
变干Dry	0.01	0.84	12.32	26.50	23.50	1.30	0	1.47
显著变干Dry significantly	0	0.10	2.02	7.16	4.33	0.36	0	0.10

Analysis of Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of Drought Variation in Grassland Area of Inner Mongolia Based on TVDI

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显著性Significanct	TMS	TS	TDS	TSD	TD	LM	MM	M
显著正相关Positive correlation & P<0.05	0	0	0	0	0.01	0.09	0.01	0.06
正相关不显著Positive correlation & P>0.05	0.55	0.53	0.26	1.10	12.27	9.26	0.85	4.25
显著负相关Negative correlation & P<0.05	89.66	61.67	37.00	12.07	5.68	49.15	80.47	35.06
负相关不显著Negative correlation & P>0.05	9.79	37.80	62.74	86.83	82.04	41.50	18.67	60.63

显著性Significanct	TMS	TS	TDS	TSD	TD	LM	MM	M
显著正相关Positive correlation & P<0.05	25.00	64.47	44.60	52.48	37.37	29.95	19.69	19.87
正相关不显著Positive correlation & P>0.05	73.49	35.29	53.44	45.88	61.87	65.31	77.72	78.72
显著负相关Negative correlation & P<0.05	0	0	0	0.01	0.02	0.01	0	0
负相关不显著Negative correlation & P>0.05	1.51	0.24	1.96	1.63	0.74	4.73	2.59	1.41

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