Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2020, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (13): 2715-2727.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.13.019

• ECOLOGICAL INDUSTRY PRACTICE AND REGIONAL SCALE PROCESSES • Previous Articles     Next Articles

The Spatial-Temporal Distribution of Different Grassland Types in Hulunber Grassland Based on Remote Sensing from 1992 to 2015

ZHU XiaoYu1,2,XU DaWei1(),XIN XiaoPing1,SHEN BeiBei1,DING Lei1,WANG Xu1,CHEN BaoRui1,YAN RuiRui1   

  1. 1The Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Beijing 100081
    2Agro-Environmental Protection Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191
  • Received:2019-09-17 Accepted:2020-03-11 Online:2020-07-01 Published:2020-07-16
  • Contact: DaWei XU E-mail:xudawei@caas.cn

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Abstract:

【Background】 Hulunber grassland, as the main part of temperate steppe in China, possesses its important position in grassland animal husbandry production and plays the ecological buffer function with its unique geographical location, typical ecological climate and representative production mode. 【Objective】 Grassland, as one of the most important terrestrial ecosystems, has great significance in agricultural and animal husbandry production, ecological and environmental protection, climate change and other aspects. The spatial distribution and change of different grassland types are the basis of grassland research and management. 【Method】 In this paper, different land cover and grassland types in Hulunber grassland were taken as research objects, remote sensing images in 1992 and 2015 were treated as data sources, support vector machine and object-based image analysis classification were used to obtain the spatial distribution in the study area. The temporal and spatial change characteristics were studied by geostatistics, and the effects of climate change and human activities were analyzed by the potential distribution of zonal grassland types classified by plant-habitat classification, social statistical data and the transformation process. 【Result】 The area of cropland, forestland, sandy and alkaline land, building land increased, while the area of grassland and water decreased. Grassland is the largest coverage type in the study area, the areas were 7 601 258 hm2 and 7 148 085 hm2 in 1992 and 2015 respectively, with a 5.96% reduction. Steppe, meadow steppe and lowland meadow had large distribution areas, accounting for more than 70% of the study area, while mountain meadow and swamp had relatively small distribution area, accounting for about 2%. Except the increase of steppe area, the area of other grassland types decreased. The area of steppe increased by 283 790 hm2, with an increase rate of 7.12%. The area of meadow steppe showed the largest decrease, with a decrease of 563 439 hm2 and a decrease of 28.72%. In the study area, the grassland types with relatively humid water status were mainly converted to relatively arid ones, with the transfered area of 466 687 hm2 from 1992 to 2015, and grassland types with relatively dry water status converted to relatively humid ones with a total area of 212 330 hm2. 【Conclusion】 The spatial distribution of different grassland and land cover types in Hulunber grassland changed dramatically. The impacts of climate change are trend, long-term and hard to recover, and the impacts of human activities are fragmentary, reversible and easy to recover.

Key words: Hulunber grassland, remote sensing, grassland types, influencing factors

Fig. 1

Study area and distribution of different grassland types 审图号:GS（2020）2229号"

Fig. 2

Area and change of different land cover and grassland types in 1992 and 2015"

Fig. 3

Spatial distribution of different land cover and grassland types in 1992 and 2015 审图号:GS（2020）2229号"

Fig. 4

Conversion of dry and wet grassland types"

Fig. 5

Potential distribution change of temperate meadow steppe and temperate steppe 审图号:GS（2020）2229号"

Fig. 6

Change rate of population quantity and grassland area in the study area"

Fig. 7

Changes of population in the study area from 1986 to 2015"

Fig. 8

GDP change from 1990 to 2015"

Fig. 9

Changes in added value of primary/secondary/tertiary industries from 1990 to 2015"

Fig. 10

Change rate of cropland and temperate meadow steppe area in the study area"

Fig. 11

Cropland area from 1997 to 2015 in the study area"

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