中国稻田土壤基础地力的时空演变特征

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.08.008

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】The objective of this paper is to study the differences of basic soil productivity and spatial and temporal characteristics of national paddy soil in the main grain production regions of China from the Ministry of Agriculture since 1988, provide a scientific basis of fertilization for the improvement of soil fertility and rice high yield. 【Method】Combined with the actual situation of soil, and the reference model of productivity, soil quality and other correction coefficient model derived soil productivity index model (PI) and was calculated based soil fertility index model (BPI) and verification. At the same time, the national paddy soil monitoring data was used as basis, each fertility index and weight statistics resulting weighting factor were normalized by numerical normalization. PI and BPI indexes were used for comprehensive analysis, and further verified with the yield and contribution proportion of basic soil productivity phase, thereby the differences and spatial and temporal characteristics of the basic soil productivity were quantitatively analyzed. 【Result】From 1988 to 2012, both the BPI values (P＜0.05) and PI values (P＜0.01) showed significant increasing trends in the districts of Yangtze River, Northeast China, Southwest China, and South China. There were significant positive correlations (P＜0.05) between BPI values and fertilization yields. The BPI values in the Yangtze River region increased from 0.031 to 0.108 with the largest increasing percentage of 248.4%, followed by the BPI value in the Southern China increased from 0.127 to 0.289 with an increase of 128.0%, and that in the Northeast China and Southwest China with increase of 71.7% and 65.8%, respectively, during the past 25 years. Rice yield with fertilization of each area with the enhancement of basic soil productivity of paddy showed an increasing trend. The basic soil productivity levels (BSPI value) in Yangtze River region were significantly higher than that in the other three areas. The BSPI value in the Southwest China was the lowest, while there was no significant difference between the Northeast China and the Southern China. As for regions, the trends of BSPI values coincided with the yields under the basic fertility of soil. 【Conclusion】During the past 25 years, the basic soil productivity showed an overall upward trend in the main rice production regions of China. Soil productivity could be improved with the enhancing of basic soil productivity. In addition, on the level of current farming management (from 2003 to 2012), the order of basic soil productivity among the regions were Yangtze River region＞Northeast China≥Southern China＞Southwest China. In the national scale, the higher the BSPI, the higher the rice yield without fertilization, the higher the contribution proportion of basic soil productivity. On the contrary, the lower the basic soil productivity, rice output is also lower, contribution proportion of basic soil productivity is also lower.

Key words: basic soil productivity, main grain production regions of China, spatial and temporal characteristics, index model

LI Jian-jun, XU Ming-gang, XIN Jing-shu, DUAN Jian-jun, REN Yi, LI Dong-chu, HUANG Jing, SHEN Hua-ping, ZHANG Hui-min. Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Basic Soil Productivity in China[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2016, 49(8): 1510-1519.

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