肉羊精料可代谢蛋白质预测模型的建立

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.03.014

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The aim of this study was to establish a predictive model of metabolizable protein (MP) of concentrates, which is commonly used in feedstuffs of sheep by nutrient or nutrient digestibility. 【Method】 Six 14-month-old Dorper (♂) × thin-tailed Han sheep (♀) sheep with an average body weight of (49.27±3.12) kg fitted with a permanent rumen fistula were selected and used in testing effective degradation rate, rumen undegraded dietary protein (UDP) and intestinal digestibility of UDP by nylon bag method and three-step modified in vitro method. Ten healthy Dorper × thin-tailed Han ram with an average body weight of（47.43±4.41）kg were selected and used in 11 treatment groups including one basic diet group and 10 experimental groups（The Chinese wildrye hay, corn and soybean meal of basic diet were replaced by sorghum, corn, barley, wheat, oat, rapeseed peanut, cottonseed, soybean and DDGS.), respectively. Each period lasted for 20 d (15 d for adaptation and 5 d for trial period). The experimental sheep were prefixed with ear numbers, dewormed with ivermectin, and feed a single column. Due to the differences in the nutrient composition of each group of feeding foods, the amount of feeding in the lowest group was observed and determined during the adaptation as the limit of feeding, fed twice a day, at 8:00 and 16:30, respectively. Feed 600 g, free drinking water. Each ram is a replicate and all rams were used to determine the apparent digestibility of nutrients and microbial synthetic protein (MCP) using the urinary purine derivative method. The MP predictive model was established using proximal analysis of nutrient contents or nutrient digestibility. Using NLIN program in SAS 9.1 to calculate a, b, c values and linear regression and multivariate regression program analysis, MP estimation model was established, and the single factor variance analysis(one-way ANOVA, LSD) was significantly tested. 【Result】 The results showed that the rumen digestibility and digestion rate of CP in different concentrates were different, and CP degradability and intestinal digestibility of UDP of high protein diet were higher. The effective degradation rate of CP rumen in 10 kinds of feed ranged from 43.71% to 60.87%, and intestinal digestibility of UDP ranged from 80.10% to 92.86%. The effective degradation rate of rumen in oat feed was significantly higher than that of other feeds (P＜0.001), while intestinal digestibility of UDP was significantly lower than that of other feeds (P＜0.001). The diets had different composition and apparent digestibility of different nutrients. The digestion and absorption sites of dietary protein did not affect the apparent digestibility of nutrients. The ratio of MP to DP of 10 feeds in this study ranged from 50.96% to 62.33%, The digestible protein (DP, %) prediction model established by dietary CP (%) content was：DP=0.895×CP-2.663 (R ²=0.994, n=10, P＜0.001); The MP (g·kg ^-1 DM) prediction model established by nutrient contents (%) and apparent nutrient digestibility (%) were: MP=5.323×CP-14.374 (R ²=0.994, n=10, P＜0.001) and MP=5.899×DP+2.077 (R ²=0.984, n=10, P＜0.001).【Conclusion】Digestible protein had a strong relationship with crude protein in diet. The nutrient content and nutrient digestibility in diets were correlated with the presence of MP, and the MP values of concentrate feed could be estimated more accurately by the nutrient and nutrient digestibility in diets.

Key words: mutton sheep, concentrate, microbial synthetic protein, small intestinal digestibility, metabolizable protein, prediction model

FU LiXia,MA Tao,DIAO QiYu,CHENG ShuRu,SONG YaZhe,SUN ZhuoLin. Establishment of a Prediction Model of Metabolizable Protein of Concentrate for Mutton Sheep[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(3): 539-549.

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References 33

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项目 Items	含量 Content
原料 Ingredients
羊草 Chinese wildrye hay	55.00
玉米 Corn	29.40
豆粕 Soybean meal	14.00
磷酸氢钙 CaHPO₄	0.86
食盐 NaCl	0.50
预混料Premix¹⁾	0.24
合计 Total	100
营养水平 Nutrient levels²⁾
干物质 Dry matter, DM	95.55
有机物 Organic matter, OM	93.68
总能 Gross energy, GE（MJ·kg^-1）	16.34
粗蛋白质 Crude protein, CP	11.90
中性洗涤纤维 Neutral detergent fiber, NDF	59.12
酸性洗涤纤维 Acid detergent fibre, ADF	25.22
粗脂肪 Ether digestible organic matter extract, EE	2.21
钙 Ca	0.93
磷 P	0.41

项目 Items	组成 Ingredient
项目 Items	基础饲粮 Basal diet	高粱饲粮 Sorghum diet	玉米饲粮 Corn diet	大麦饲粮Barley diet	小麦饲粮Wheat diet	燕麦饲粮 Oat diet	菜籽粕饲粮Rapeseed diet	花生粕饲粮 Peanut meal diet	棉籽粕饲粮Cottonseed meal diet	豆粕饲粮Soybean meal diet	玉米酒糟饲粮 DDGS diet
不同精料替换比例 Different concentrate replacement ratio		30.0	30.0	30.0	30.0	30.0	30.0	30.0	30.0	30.0	30.0
玉米corn	19.0	13.2	13.2	13.2	13.2	13.2	13.2	13.2	13.2	13.2	13.2
豆粕Soybean mean	12.2	8.46	8.46	8.46	8.46	8.46	8.46	8.46	8.46	8.46	8.46
羊草Chinese wildrye hay	66.5	46.0	46.0	46.0	46.0	46.0	46.0	46.0	46.0	46.0	46.0
磷酸氢钙CaHPO₄	1.41	1.41	1.41	1.41	1.41	1.41	1.41	1.41	1.41	1.41	1.41
石粉Limestone	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.15
食盐NaCl	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50
预混料Premix^1）	0.24	0.24	0.24	0.24	0.24	0.24	0.24	0.24	0.24	0.24	0.24
合计Total	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
营养水平Nutrient levels^2）
干物质DM	92.13	90.92	90.79	91.62	91.51	91.58	91.87	91.55	93.96	93.89	91.32
有机物OM	90.15	93.10	93.45	93.77	93.51	94.74	89.06	89.38	92.34	92.07	90.30
总能 GE (MJ·kg^-1)	17.92	17.78	17.81	17.75	17.63	17.93	18.25	18.40	18.43	18.21	18.81
粗蛋白质CP	12.03	11.06	10.56	11.50	11.96	12.68	22.12	26.89	20.36	22.55	17.06
中性洗涤纤维NDF	33.20	33.56	33.33	37.84	37.15	33.29	40.13	36.19	41.33	33.55	40.74
酸性洗涤纤维ADF	18.05	17.71	16.82	19.66	19.03	17.43	22.35	19.44	23.67	19.67	19.42
粗脂肪EE	2.70	2.16	2.19	2.01	2.24	2.77	2.04	1.13	1.40	1.65	3.89
灰分 Ash	9.85	6.90	6.55	6.23	6.49	5.26	10.94	10.62	7.66	7.93	9.70
钙 Ca	0.94	1.05	0.94	0.82	0.96	0.96	1.45	1.06	1.03	0.99	0.82
总磷 TP	0.35	0.24	0.29	0.25	0.26	0.29	0.36	0.27	0.32	0.31	0.39

项目 Items	高粱Sorghum	玉米 Corn	大麦 Barley	小麦 Wheat	燕麦 Oat	菜籽粕 Rapeseed meal	花生粕 Peanut meal	棉籽粕 Cottonseed meal	豆粕Soybean meal	玉米酒糟DDGS
干物质 DM	89.59	89.94	90.60	89.64	90.31	91.60	91.97	92.28	91.74	91.65
有机物 OM	98.27	98.79	95.75	98.33	98.22	93.04	94.39	92.66	92.50	95.19
粗蛋白 CP	10.48	8.88	10.35	13.57	15.15	40.50	58.36	44.99	47.92	30.45
中性洗涤纤维 NDF	14.97	16.98	18.58	14.87	10.25	17.45	12.24	20.17	12.93	23.97
酸性洗涤纤维 ADF	3.01	4.06	8.69	4.66	3.30	13.19	6.65	14.60	7.05	8.66

项目 Items	高粱Sorghum	玉米Corn	大麦 Barley	小麦 Wheat	燕麦 Oat	菜籽粕 Rapeseed meal	花生粕 Peanut meal	棉籽粕 Cottonseed meal	豆粕Soybean meal	玉米酒糟DDGS	SEM	P值 P value
蛋白质瘤胃降解率 Ruminal degradability of crude protein
6 h	16.64d	24.25bcd	22.73cd	30.30b	44.30a	27.42bc	24.33bcd	29.19b	16.87d	15.77d	1.697	＜0.01
12 h	20.10d	27.54cd	31.66cd	49.83b	63.53a	35.55c	28.63cd	31.53cd	20.28d	19.73d	2.649	＜0.01
24 h	24.82c	32.77bc	39.66b	63.25a	72.64a	41.34b	40.82b	42.52b	34.15bc	22.15c	2.948	＜0.01
36 h	36.18cd	37.66cd	48.51bc	70.28a	80.64a	47.56bc	48.55bc	54.55b	41.45bcd	35.03d	3.302	＜0.01
48 h	38.77d	47.25cd	59.36bc	74.27a	84.19a	58.01bc	59.51bc	62.18b	54.02bc	38.88d	2.668	＜0.01
有效降解率Effective degradation rate	45.08e	43.71e	44.38e	49.32de	60.87a	52.04bcd	57.26ab	54.62bcd	56.02abc	51.08cd	1.143	＜0.01
瘤胃非降解蛋白质小肠消化率 Small intestine digestibility of undegraded dietary protein	84.69d	86.23cd	84.23d	84.10d	80.10e	89.25b	92.86a	92.31a	89.26b	87.31bc	0.731	＜0.01

项目 Items	高粱 Sorghum	玉米 Corn	大麦 Barley	小麦 Wheat	燕麦 Oat	菜籽粕 Rapeseed meal	花生粕 Peanut meal	棉籽粕 Cottonseed meal	豆粕Soybean meal	玉米酒糟DDGS
瘤胃降解蛋白质 RDP (g·kg^-1 DM)	15.59	12.82	15.15	22.16	30.35	68.84	115.23	79.43	85.76	51.16
瘤胃非降解蛋白质 UDP (g·kg^-1 DM)	18.98	16.52	18.74	22.31	19.30	63.44	85.85	64.22	67.34	48.89
微生物合成蛋白质 MCP (g·kg^-1 DM)	54.50	46.92	50.97	50.64	59.83	73.80	84.74	66.27	81.11	60.87
可代谢蛋白质 MP (g·kg^-1 DM)	48.04	41.81	45.46	48.28	50.30	99.47	129.08	96.89	106.18	78.23
可代谢蛋白质占可消化蛋白的比例 The percentage of MP to DP (%)	61.66	55.63	50.96	55.08	53.73	53.33	54.86	62.33	55.14	56.78

Establishment of a Prediction Model of Metabolizable Protein of Concentrate for Mutton Sheep

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项目 Items	高粱饲粮 Sorghum diet	玉米饲粮Corn diet	大麦饲粮Barley diet	小麦饲粮 Wheat diet	燕麦饲粮 Oat diet	菜籽粕饲粮Rapeseed diet	花生粕饲粮Peanut meal diet	棉籽粕饲粮Cottonseed meal diet	豆粕饲粮Soybean meal diet	玉米酒糟饲粮 DDGS diet	SEM	P值 P value
干物质消化率 Digestible dry matter (DMD)	65.29abc	67.40a	64.69bc	65.48abc	63.40c	57.32e	64.20c	59.68d	66.79ab	58.78de	0.41	＜0.01
有机物消化率 Digestible organic matter (DOM)	68.65ab	70.44a	68.49ab	68.68ab	66.91b	64.15c	69.97a	61.45d	69.30a	64.47c	0.37	＜0.01
粗蛋白质消化率 Digestible crude protein (DCP)	64.03e	64.60de	71.05b	67.09cd	67.63c	77.47a	79.73a	71.75b	80.16a	73.76b	0.65	＜0.01
中性洗涤纤维消化率 Digestible neutral detergent fiber (DNDF)	42.96bc	42.56bcd	47.59ab	48.79a	38.86cde	37.09de	43.71abc	36.01e	42.66bcd	41.67cd	0.67	＜0.01
酸性洗涤纤维消化率 Digestible acid detergent fiber (DADF)	42.91ab	37.38c	45.10a	45.85a	38.46bc	34.35dc	46.96a	30.91d	47.40a	35.91c	0.76	＜0.01

递推回归模型Recursive regression equation	决定系数 R²	P值 P value
MP=5.323CP-14.374	0.994	＜0.001
MP=5.268CP+0.532DM-62.319	0.995	＜0.001
MP=5.290CP+0.669DM-0.173ADF-71.664	0.995	＜0.001
MP=5.318CP+1.262DM-0.877ADF+0.376NDF-126.679	0.995	＜0.001
MP=5.373CP+1.481DM-0.827ADF+0.404NDF+0.254OM-174.198	0.995	＜0.001
MP=5.899DP+2.077	0.984	＜0.001
MP=5.710DP-0.530DOM-37.165	0.986	＜0.001
MP=5.500DP-1.741DOM+1.371DDM+38.005	0.989	＜0.001
MP=5.678DP-1.550DOM+1.344DDM-1.129DNDF+32.093	0.990	＜0.001
MP=5.791DP-1.587DOM+1.552DDM-1.871DNDF+0.443DADF+19.832	0.990	＜0.001
DP=0.895CP-2.663	0.994	＜0.001

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