γ-聚谷氨酸对西瓜穴盘苗基质性状及幼苗生长发育的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.S.005

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】Plants grown in cells of plug tray often show limited growth due to low levels of water holding capacity and fertilizer conservation in the medium. Steady supply of water and fertilizer is critical to produce strong seedlings. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of γ-poly glutamic acid on nutrient availability of substrate and plant growth and development of watermelon seedlings. 【Method】 Watermelon seedlings were growth in the 50 cell-plug trays, with the substrates containing peat moss, vermiculite and perlite as the growth medium. Different amount of γ-poly glutamic acid (0, 1, 3, 5, 10 kg·m^-3) were mixed with the substrates before sowing. Physicochemical and biological properties of substrates and growth parameters of watermelon plug seedlings were measured.【Result】By adding γ-poly glutamic acid, the watermelon seedling substrate showed increased water filled porosity, water holding capacity, EC value and decreased pH value. During watermelon plug seedlings development, available N, P, K, Mg in the substrates was enhanced. Of these nutrient elements N content in the substrate enhanced by γ-poly glutamic acid application was the most. The NH₄⁺-N and NO₃--N in the substrate was increased by 1.2 and 2.6 times respectively compared with the control when the seedling production was done. Microbial activity, neutral phosphatase activity and catalase activity were also increased significantly. The effects of γ-poly glutamic acid were better at the late growth stage than the early growth stage which depended on the amount of γ-poly glutamic acid. At the early growth stage adding γ-poly glutamic acid significantly increased the leaf chlorophyll content and had no significant effect on the root activity. High amount addition of γ-poly glutamic acid suppressed the growth and development of watermelon plug seedlings especially of the root growth. At the late growth stage adding γ-poly glutamic acid significantly increased the leaf chlorophyll content and the root activity. The optimum amount addition of γ-poly glutamic acid enhanced the growth and development of watermelon plug seedlings. The shoot biomass and leaf area got the biggest value under 3 kg·m^-3 γ-poly glutamic acid treatment which were increased by 22.6% and 55.7% respectively compared with that in the control. At this treatment seedling index got the higher value which was increased by 11.8% compared with that in the control.【Conclusion】The results indicated that γ-poly glutamic acid application can effectively improve the physicochemical and biological properties of substrates and enhance the growth and development of the watermelon seedlings. The water and fertilizer retention capacity of substrates was enhanced by γ-poly glutamic acid. The optimum amount of γ-poly glutamic acid was 3 kg·m^-3 based on the physical and chemical properties of substrates and the growth and development of watermelon seedlings.

Key words: watermelon, plug seedlings, γ-poly glutamic acid

CHU Qun, DONG Chun-juan, SHANG Qing-mao. Effects of γ-Poly Glutamic Acid on Mineral Nutrient Supply in Substrate and Growth and Development of Watermelon Plug Seedlings[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(S): 40-48.

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