野生‘龙门香橙’的植物学特征观察及起源研究

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2014.02.013

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 Wild citrus plants are growing in the Nankun mountain, Longmen county, Guangdong Province, which is named ‘Longmeng Xiangcheng’ by the locals. This study aimed to reveal the genetic differences between ‘Longmeng Xiangcheng’ and other citrus species by using morphological and molecular analysis. 【Method】The habitat environment of ‘Longmen xiangcheng’ was investigated, and the morphology of leaf, flower and fruit was described. Fruit were analyzed for content of total soluble solid, sugar, titratable acid and ascorbic acid. Pollens were observed under scanning electronic microscope. The phylogenetic relationship between ‘Longmen xiangcheng’ and other citrus species was investigated using AFLP and SNP markers. The two alleles of β-carotene hydroxylase gene (CHX) were cloned, sequenced and compared with those of other citrus. 【Result】 The natural habitant environment of ‘Longmeng Xiangcheng’ indicates that it is truly a wild citrus. ‘Longmeng Xiangcheng’ resembles to pummelo in fruit and seed morphology and is also mono-embryonic. But it is smaller than pummelo in size, extremely low content of juice and edible portion, and bitter taste of the fruit indicates that it is more primitive. Its lanceolate leaves, linear leaf wings and united filaments show clearly similarities to those of mandarins. However, its young leaves, young flowers, and filaments are tinged with purple, indicating its primitiveness. The phylogenetic tree based on AFLP profiles show that it is not clustered with any of the other 23 analyzed citrus, though it is placed in between pummelos and mandarins. The genotyping results showed that its genotypes at 3, 1, 4 of the 8 SNP loci are mandarin homozygotes, mandarin-pummelo heterozygote, and pummelo homozygotes, respectively, and no other analyzed citrus accessions contained such a unique combination of genotypes. The CHX gene sequence data revealed that ‘Longmen Xiangcheng’ possesses two very similar alleles carring some very unique SNPs not found in any known citrus CHX gene sequences. Phylogenetic analyses based on CHX gene sequences showed that ‘Longmeng Xiangcheng’ is distant from other citrus, and ‘Longmen Xiangcheng’ can be placed as an independent clade in trees.【Conclusion】‘Longmen Xiangcheng’ is truly a wild citrus. Its morphology is characterized by possessing with both primitive and advanced traits. It is quite unique and different from any known citrus as reveled by molecular DNA data.

Key words: wild citrus , Longmen Xiangcheng , amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) , single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) , phylogenetic analysis

ZENG Ji-Wu, JIANG Bo, WU Bo, ZHONG Yun, CHENG Chun-Zhen, MU Hong-Na, GAN Lian-Sheng, PENG Cheng-Ji, ZHONG Guang-Yan, YI Gan-Jun. Morphological and Molecular Studies on a Wild Citrus ‘Longmen Xiangcheng’[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2014, 47(2): 334-343.

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Morphological and Molecular Studies on a Wild Citrus ‘Longmen Xiangcheng’

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