纳米硅生物矿化沉积赋予水稻根边缘细胞及根尖耐铝性的生理机制

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.24.004

中国农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (24): 4871-4883.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.24.004

• 耕作栽培·生理生化·农业信息技术 • 上一篇下一篇

纳米硅生物矿化沉积赋予水稻根边缘细胞及根尖耐铝性的生理机制

冯英明¹^,²(), 农伟¹^,³, 陈醒韵¹^,⁴, 韩宏祥¹, 郑雨欣¹, 田晓¹, 唐娇¹, 郭依唯¹, 黄朝政¹, 李学文¹, 石磊², 喻敏¹()

¹ 佛山大学园艺系/国际膜生物学与环境研究中心，中国广东佛山 528000
² 华中农业大学资源与环境学院，中国武汉 430070
³ 广东工商职业技术大学，中国广东肇庆 526040
⁴ 澳大利亚西澳大学生物科学学院，澳大利亚珀斯 6009

收稿日期:2024-06-05 接受日期:2024-09-02 出版日期:2024-12-16 发布日期:2024-12-23
通信作者:
喻敏，E-mail：yumin@fosu.edu.cn
联系方式: 冯英明，E-mail：fyingming@fosu.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(42077150); 国家自然科学基金(31672228)

Physiological Mechanism of Aluminum Tolerance of Rice Root Border Cells and Root Tips Induced by Nano Silica Biomineralization Deposition

FENG YingMing¹^,²(), NONG Wei¹^,³, CHEN XingYun¹^,⁴, HAN HongXiang¹, ZHENG YuXin¹, TIAN Xiao¹, TANG Jiao¹, GUO YiWei¹, HUANG ChaoZheng¹, LI XueWen¹, SHI Lei², YU Min¹()

¹ Department of Horticulture, Foshan University/International Membrane Biology and Environment Research Center, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, China
² College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
³ Guangdong University of Business and Technology, Zhaoqing 526040, Guangdong, China
⁴ School of Biological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia

Received:2024-06-05 Accepted:2024-09-02 Published:2024-12-16 Online:2024-12-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】探讨硅对植物铝毒害缓解的生理机制，研究在水稻根边缘细胞和根尖上构筑的纳米硅生物矿化结构对铝胁迫的影响，为南方地区酸性土壤矿化缓解植物铝毒提供理论和实践指导。【方法】以水稻品种日本晴（Oryza.Sativa L.）为试验材料，以水稻的根尖和根边缘细胞为研究对象，在100 μmol·L^-1铝胁迫处理下，以聚乙烯亚胺诱导纳米二氧化硅在根尖和根边缘细胞表面形成生物矿化结构。试验共有不加硅不加铝（-Si-Al）、不加硅加铝（-Si+Al）、加硅不加铝（+Si-Al）和加硅加铝（+Si+Al）4个处理，研究根边缘细胞在铝胁迫下的细胞存活率、活性氧水平以及活性铝定位，以及根尖在铝胁迫下的相对伸长率、活性氧水平、胼胝质含量以及活性铝定位。【结果】在铝胁迫条件下，通过比较聚乙烯亚胺诱导纳米硅在水稻根边缘细胞细胞壁上沉积与未诱导纳米硅矿化沉积，台盼蓝染色显示根边缘细胞较好的活性状态，其细胞的存活率提高21.04%，活性氧水平降低87.65%，活性铝Morin染色后相对荧光值增加77.09%，有效提高细胞存活率，降低活性氧的产生，从而保护了根边缘细胞并减缓细胞程序性死亡；通过比较聚乙烯亚胺诱导纳米硅在水稻根尖沉积与未诱导纳米硅矿化沉积，水稻根尖相对生长率提高26.95%，活性氧水平降低27.73%，胼胝质含量提高了55.29%，活性铝Morin染色后相对荧光值增加55.45%，苏木精染色也显示根尖的分生区和过渡区沉积更多的铝，这表明铝胁迫下在水稻根尖诱导纳米硅矿化沉积后，能吸附更多铝离子沉积在根尖的表面，阻止铝离子进入根尖内保护植物根尖，进而缓解铝对根尖的毒害作用。【结论】聚乙烯亚胺诱导纳米硅在细胞壁上的沉积赋予水稻根边缘细胞和根尖耐铝性，并减少水稻铝积累，进而保障了食品安全和人类健康。

关键词: 水稻, 聚乙烯亚胺, 纳米硅, 铝毒, 根尖, 根边缘细胞

Abstract:

【Objective】This study aimed to explore the physiological mechanism of silicon alleviating aluminum toxicity in plants, to study the effect of biomineralization structure constructed on rice root border cells and root tips on aluminum stress, so as to provide the theoretical and practical guidance for acid soil mineralization to alleviate aluminum toxicity of plants in southern China. 【Method】Employing rice (Oryza.Sativa L.) as the experimental materials, using root tips and root border cells as the research object, under 100 μmol·L^-1 aluminum stress treatment, polyethylenimine induced nano silica to form biomineralization structure on the surface of root tips and root border cells. Four treatments are administered: bare cells without aluminum stress (-Si-Al), bare cells with aluminum stress (-Si+Al), silica-coated cells without aluminum stress (+Si-Al), and silica-coated cells with aluminum stress (+Si+Al). The study examined the cell viability, levels of active oxygen species, and localization of active aluminum in root border cells, as well as the relative elongation of the root tips, levels of active oxygen species, callose content and localization of active aluminum in the root tips. 【Result】Under aluminum stress, compared with non biomineralization, polyethylenimine induced nano silica deposition on the cell wall of root border cells, so the survival rate of root border cells increased by 21.04%, the level of reactive oxygen species decreased by 87.65%, and the relative fluorescence value increased by 77.09% after Morin staining, and then effectively improved cell survival rate, reduced ROS production, and slowed down the programmed cell death; after polyethylenimine induced nano silica deposition in root tip, the relative growth rate of root tip increased by 26.95%, the level of reactive oxygen species decreased by 27.73%, the content of callose increased by 55.29%, and the relative fluorescence value increased by 55.45% after Morin staining, hematoxylin staining also showed that more Al³⁺ was deposited in the meristematic and transitional zones of root tip, and this indicated that the biomineralization deposition could adsorb more Al³⁺on the surface of root tip, prevent Al³⁺from entering the root tip to protect, and then alleviate the toxic effect of aluminum on root tip. 【Conclusion】Polyethylenimine induced nano silica deposition on the cell wall endows rice root border cells and root tips with aluminum tolerance, and reduced aluminum accumulation in rice, thus ensuring food safety and human health.

Key words: rice, polyethyleneimine, nano silica, aluminum toxicity, apical, root border cells

冯英明, 农伟, 陈醒韵, 韩宏祥, 郑雨欣, 田晓, 唐娇, 郭依唯, 黄朝政, 李学文, 石磊, 喻敏. 纳米硅生物矿化沉积赋予水稻根边缘细胞及根尖耐铝性的生理机制[J]. 中国农业科学, 2024, 57(24): 4871-4883.

FENG YingMing, NONG Wei, CHEN XingYun, HAN HongXiang, ZHENG YuXin, TIAN Xiao, TANG Jiao, GUO YiWei, HUANG ChaoZheng, LI XueWen, SHI Lei, YU Min. Physiological Mechanism of Aluminum Tolerance of Rice Root Border Cells and Root Tips Induced by Nano Silica Biomineralization Deposition[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(24): 4871-4883.

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纳米硅生物矿化沉积赋予水稻根边缘细胞及根尖耐铝性的生理机制

Physiological Mechanism of Aluminum Tolerance of Rice Root Border Cells and Root Tips Induced by Nano Silica Biomineralization Deposition

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