基于高光谱指数的棉花冠层等效水厚度估算

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.24.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】建立快速、无损监测棉花冠层等效水厚度（canopy equivalent water thickness,CEWT）的估算模型,进一步提高利用高光谱遥感技术监测棉花CEWT的估算精度。【方法】通过在不同生育期设置灌溉梯度试验,于棉花蕾期和花铃期同步测定冠层光谱反射率、冠层等效水厚度等信息,综合分析棉花冠层等效水厚度与原始光谱反射率、一阶导数光谱反射率、全波段组合光谱指数、已有光谱指数的相关性,确定蕾期、花铃期及全生育期的最优光谱指数,并通过线性回归构建棉花CEWT的高光谱监测模型。【结果】冠层等效水厚度与原始光谱反射率在近红外波段（NIR）780—1 130 nm和短波红外波段（SWIR）1 450—1 830 nm、1 950—2 450 nm附近均出现连续的敏感波段,一阶导数光谱在NIR波段内对CEWT的敏感程度较原始光谱有所加强,但在SWIR波段内敏感程度弱于原始光谱;利用原始光谱反射率构建的光谱指数与CEWT的相关性强于一阶导数光谱,且比值光谱指数（RSI）较归一化差分光谱指数（NDSI）更适合CEWT的监测。在全生育期内(R₁₁₃₅-5R₁₄₉₄)/R₂₀₀₃对CEWT的反演精度最佳（R ²=0.7878,RRMSE=0.1803）;在蕾期RSI_b(1130,1996)对CEWT的估算效果最好（R ²=0.7258,RRMSE=0.1444）;在花铃期RSI_a（904,1952）是估算CEWT的最优光谱指数（R ²=0.7853,RRMSE=0.2454）。【结论】该研究在不同生育阶段内提出的新型高光谱指数均可用于棉花冠层等效水厚度的定量监测,研究结果可为高光谱技术在棉花冠层水分含量监测中的应用提供参考,为棉花精准灌溉提供技术依据。

关键词: 高光谱指数, 棉花, 冠层等效水厚度, 估算

Abstract:

【Objective】 The objective of the experiments is to develop a key method for fast and nondestructive monitoring canopy equivalent water thickness (CEWT) in cotton (Lumian 54) and to further improve the estimation accuracy of CEWT in cotton monitored by remote sensing technology. 【Method】 Through setting irrigation gradient treatment in different growth period, canopy spectral reflectance and canopy equivalent water thickness and other information were measured simultaneously. Firstly, we comprehensively analyzed the correlation between CEWT and various spectral parameters, including original spectral reflectance, first derivative spectral reflectance, all-band combined spectral index and existing spectral index. Then, we determined the optimal spectral indices of bud stage, flowering and bolls stage, and full growth period. Finally, we constructed a hyperspectral monitoring model of cotton CEWT by linear regression. 【Result】 The canopy equivalent water thickness and the original spectral reflectance show continuous sensitive bands in the near infrared band (NIR) of 780-1130 nm and the short wave infrared band (SWIR) of 1 450-1 830 nm and 1 950-2 450 nm, the sensitivity of the first derivative spectrum to CEWT was enhanced in NIR band than that of the original spectrum, but was weaker in SWIR band than that of the original spectrum. The correlation between the spectral index constructed by the original spectral reflectance and CEWT is stronger than that of the first derivative spectrum, and the ratio spectral index (RSI) is more suitable for the monitoring of CEWT than the normalized difference spectral index (NDSI). During the whole growth period, the inversion accuracy of CEWT by (R₁₁₃₅-5R₁₄₉₄)/R₂₀₀₃ was the best (R ²=0.7878, RRMSE=0.1803). In the bud stage, RSI_b(1130,1996) has the best estimation effect on CEWT (R ²=0.7258, RRMSE=0.1444). RSI_a (904,1952) was the optimal spectral index (R ²=0.7853, RRMSE=0.2454) for estimating CEWT at the flowering and bolls stage.【Conclusion】The new hyperspectral indexes proposed in this study in different growth stages can be used for quantitative monitoring of canopy equivalent water thickness in cotton. The results of this study can provide reference for the application of hyperspectral technology in monitoring water content of cotton canopy, and provide technical basis for precision irrigation of cotton.

Key words: hyperspectral index, cotton, canopy equivalent water thickness, estimation

马岩川, 刘浩, 陈智芳, 张凯, 余轩, 王景雷, 孙景生. 基于高光谱指数的棉花冠层等效水厚度估算[J]. 中国农业科学, 2019, 52(24): 4470-4483.

YanChuan MA, Hao LIU, ZhiFang CHEN, Kai ZHANG, Xuan YU, JingLei WANG, JingSheng SUN. Canopy Equivalent Water Thickness Estimation of Cotton Based on Hyperspectral Index[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(24): 4470-4483.

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	BI₁	BI₂	BI₃	BI₄	FI₁	FI₂	FI₃	FI₄
苗期 Seeding stage	90	90	90	90	90	90	90	90
蕾期 Bud stage	120	96	72	48	120	120	120	120
花铃期 Flowering and bolls stage	300	300	300	300	300	240	180	120
全生育期 Full growth	510	486	462	438	510	450	390	330

生育期 Growth stage	样本 Sample	均值 Mean value	标准误 Standard error	标准差 Standard deviation	方差 Variance	最大值 Max value	最小值 Mix value	样本数 Sample size
蕾期 Bud stage	建模Calibration	0.2950	0.0158	0.1023	0.0105	0.5212	0.1383	42
	检验Validation	0.3323	0.0332	0.1406	0.0198	0.6105	0.1480	18
	总体Full	0.3060	0.0148	0.1149	0.0132	0.6105	0.1383	60
花铃期 Flowering and bolls stage	建模Calibration	0.4946	0.0214	0.1682	0.0283	0.8723	0.2297	62
	检验Validation	0.5272	0.0285	0.1662	0.0276	0.8498	0.2216	34
	总体Full	0.5062	0.0171	0.1673	0.0280	0.8723	0.2216	96
全生育期 Full growth period	建模Calibration	0.4140	0.0172	0.1750	0.0306	0.8723	0.1383	104
	检验Validation	0.4597	0.0253	0.1823	0.0332	0.8498	0.1480	52
	总体Full	0.4292	0.0143	0.1782	0.0317	0.8723	0.1383	156

光谱指数 Spectral index	生育期 Growth stage	建模 Calibration				检验 Validation
光谱指数 Spectral index	生育期 Growth stage	回归方程 Regression equation	R²	SE	n	R²	RRMSE	n
NDWI1240(R₈₆₀,R₁₂₄₀)^[16]	全生育期Full growth period	y=-2.4144x+0.2131	0.348	0.141	104	0.234	0.346	52
WI(R₉₇₀,R₉₀₀)^[30]	全生育期Full growth period	y=-4.0076x+4.1002	0.408	0.134	104	0.272	0.338	52
SRWI(R₈₅₈,₁₂₄₀)^[42]	全生育期Full growth period	y=1.0643x-0.8479	0.365	0.139	104	0.245	0.343	52
NDII(R₈₅₀,R₁₆₅₀)^[43]	全生育期Full growth period	y=-0.4851x+0.2487	0.150	0.161	104	0.038	0.402	52
NDWI1200(R₈₆₀,R₁₂₀₀)^[44]	全生育期Full growth period	y=-2.3652x+0.1715	0.338	0.142	104	0.259	0.341	52
NDWI1640(R₈₆₀,R₁₆₄₀)^[45]	全生育期Full growth period	y=-1.3136x-0.0362	0.448	0.129	104	0.439	0.298	52
MSI(R₁₆₀₀,R₈₂₀)^[46]	全生育期Full growth period	y=-1.0884x+0.9157	0.418	0.133	104	0.406	0.307	52
RSI(1134,1533)	全生育期Full growth period	y=0.2639x-0.3392	0.700	0.095	104	0.724	0.210	52
RSI_b(1130,1996)	蕾期Bud stage	y=0.0316x-0.049	0.767	0.049	42	0.726	0.144	18
RSI_a(904,1952)	花铃期Flowering and bolls stage	y=0.0573x +0.0849	0.870	0.060	62	0.785	0.245	34
(R₁₁₃₅-5R₁₄₉₄)/R₂₀₀₃	全生育期Full growth period	y = 0.0932x+0.6188	0.788	0.080	104	0.801	0.180	52
(R₁₁₃₅-5R₁₄₉₄)/R₂₀₀₃	蕾期Bud stage	y=0.0893x+0.5864	0.688	0.060	42	0.761	0.229	18
(R₁₁₃₅-5R₁₄₉₄)/R₂₀₀₃	花铃期Flowering and bolls stage	y=0.0853x+0.6204	0.712	0.091	62	0.740	0.162	34