基于优异等位基因的棉花抗黄萎病性状的分子鉴定

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.02.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】发掘棉花抗黄萎病相关的优异等位基因，利用优异等位基因对棉花抗黄萎病性状进行分子检测，实现对抗病性的快速鉴定和对抗病基因型的直接选择，有效解决当前抗病性鉴定周期长、抗病性选择效率低的技术难题。【方法】选用125份陆地棉优异种质，分别采用田间黄萎病病圃鉴定和温室接种鉴定对材料进行抗黄萎病鉴定，分析材料的抗病性变异；通过筛选前期获得的与棉花抗黄萎病表型显著关联的优异等位基因位点并计算其效应值，分析不同材料中含有的优异等位基因数目及其优异等位基因效应值之和，研究利用优异等位基因位点进行棉花抗黄萎病预测的可行性，并比较基于优异等位基因位点的抗病性分子鉴定与传统抗病性表型鉴定的相关性。【结果】陆地棉在黄萎病抗性方面表现出广泛的变异，125份种质材料在田间病圃鉴定条件下和温室鉴定条件下的抗黄萎病相对病指变化范围分别为10.10—76.6和17.01—72.63；基于前期的研究结果共筛选到40个抗黄萎病优异等位基因，效应值的变化范围为-8.20—-0.39，每份材料含有的优异等位基因数目为1—24个，每份材料中的优异等位基因效应值之和的变化范围为-92.37—-0.86；相关性分析结果表明，每份材料中含有的优异等位基因效应值之和与材料的抗黄萎病相对病指极显著正相关，病圃鉴定与温室鉴定条件下两者的相关系数分别为0.616和0.566；材料的优异等位基因数目与材料的抗黄萎病相对病指极显著负相关，病圃鉴定与温室鉴定条件下两者的相关系数分别为-0.618和-0.535。【结论】棉花种质材料中含有的优异等位基因数目、优异等位基因效应值之和与材料的抗黄萎病相对病指间存在显著相关性，表明抗黄萎病优异等位基因的累加具有明显提高抗病性的作用，材料所含有的优异等位基因数目和优异等位基因效应值之和在一定程度上可以反映材料抗病性的强弱，从而实现对抗病性的分子鉴定。

关键词: 棉花, 黄萎病, 优异等位基因, 分子鉴定

Abstract: 【Objective】Detecting Verticillium wilt resistance in cotton by using molecular markers of elite alleles of Verticillium wilt resistance contributes to fast identification of disease resistance and direct selection of disease resistance genotypes, thus resolving the problems of time-consuming and poor efficiency in selection of disease resistance. 【Method】In this study, Verticillium wilt resistance of 125 elite cotton lines was estimated by using a disease nursery and greenhouse screening method, respectively. Elite alleles related to Verticillium wilt resistance were obtained from the earlier publication of the authors and the phenotypic effect of each elite allele was calculated. The number and the sum of effective value of elite alleles in each cotton line were used to study the possibility of elite alleles-based molecular detection for Verticillium wilt resistance. 【Result】Results of the study showed that widespread variation of Verticillium wilt resistance was observed in upland cotton. The range of relative disease index of Verticillium wilt resistance identified in field disease nursery and in greenhouse was 10.10-76.6 and 17.01-72.63, respectively. A total of 40 elite alleles were obtained and the effective values of each allele was in the range of -8.20--0.39. The number of elite alleles in each lines was in the range of 1-24. The sum of effective values of elite alleles in each line were in the range of -92.37--0.86. Correlation analysis showed that the sum of effective values of elite alleles had a significant positive correlation with relative disease index of Verticillium wilt resistance, and the correlation coefficient in field disease nursery and in greenhouse was 0.616 and 0.566, the number of elite alleles in each line had a significant negative correlation with relative disease index of Verticillium wilt resistance, and the correlation coefficient in field disease nursery and in greenhouse was -0.618 and -0.535, respectively. 【Conclusion】It was concluded that there is a significant correlation between the number of elite alleles, the sum of effective value of elite alleles and relative disease index of Verticillium wilt resistance, implying the accumulation of different elite alleles in one line can improve the disease resistance. The sum of effective value of elite alleles and the number of elite alleles in a cotton line can reflect the disease resistance, thus realizing the molecular identification of disease resistance in cotton.

Key words: cotton, Verticillium wilt, elite allele, molecular identification

赵云雷，王红梅，陈伟，龚海燕，桑晓慧，崔艳利，赵佩. 基于优异等位基因的棉花抗黄萎病性状的分子鉴定[J]. 中国农业科学, 2017, 50(2): 216-227.

ZHAO YunLei, WANG HongMei, CHEN Wei, GONG HaiYan, SANG XiaoHui, CUI YanLi, ZHAO Pei. Elite Alleles-Based Molecular Detection for Verticillium Wilt Resistance in Cotton[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2017, 50(2): 216-227.

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