协同提升黄淮海平原作物生产力与农田水分利用效率途径

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.06.007

中国农业科学 ›› 2013, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6): 1149-1157.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.06.007

• 耕作栽培·生理生化·农业信息技术 • 上一篇下一篇

协同提升黄淮海平原作物生产力与农田水分利用效率途径

梅旭荣, 康绍忠, 于强, 黄元仿, 钟秀丽, 龚道枝, 霍再林, 刘恩科

1.中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所/国家作物高效用水与抗灾减损工程实验室/农业部旱作节水农业重点开放实验室，北京 100081
2.中国农业大学中国农业水问题研究中心/农业部土壤和水重点实验室，北京 100083
3.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所，北京 100101

收稿日期:2012-10-08 出版日期:2013-03-15 发布日期:2013-12-21
通讯作者: 梅旭荣，Tel：010-82109333；E-mail：meixr@ieda.org.cn
作者简介:梅旭荣，Tel：010-82109333；E-mail：meixr@ieda.org.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（30871447）、国家“863”计划课题（2011AA100501）

Pathways to Synchronously Improving Crop Productivity and Field Water Use Efficiency in the North China Plain

MEI Xu-Rong, KANG Shao-Zhong, YU Qiang, HUANG Yuan-Fang, ZHONG Xiu-Li, GONG Dao-Zhi, HUO Zai-Lin, LIU 恩Ke

1.Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Engineering Laboratory of Efficient Water Use and Disaster Mitigation for Crops/Key Laboratory for Dryland Agriculture of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081
2.Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University/ Key Laboratory for Soil and Water of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083
3.Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100101

Received:2012-10-08 Online:2013-03-15 Published:2013-12-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 黄淮海平原是中国重要的粮食生产基地，也是水资源严重短缺地区。提高农田水分利用效率，在维持高产的前提下大幅度减少农业用水量，对缓解地区水资源危机、保障国家粮食安全具有重要意义。本文针对黄淮海平原现状，结合相关领域的国内外研究进展，分析提出了实现地区农田节水增产增效的对策及当前需要重点突破的理论与技术难点，主要包括4个方面：控制作物群体奢侈蒸腾耗水量的理论基础与方法；降低农田非生产性耗水的理论与途径；缓解地区淡水资源危机的非常规水安全持续利用机理与途径；基于区域水资源供需平衡的水分生产力均衡提升的机理与途径。最后提出黄淮海平原农田高效用水基础研究的主要挑战并展望了未来可能取得重大突破的领域。

关键词: 黄淮海平原 , 水资源 , 作物产量 , 水分利用效率 , 水分生产力

Abstract: The North China Plain(NCP), one of the most important agricultural regions in China, is facing a major water-resource crisis. Improving cultivar water use efficiency(WUE), to reduce water use while maintaining high production level, is of great significance for national food and water security. In this review, strategies for crop yield enhancing and water saving in the NCP, and the theoretical and technological problems need to be currently resolved were proposed, referring to the advances in the relevant studies achieved all over the world. The main points include theories and the specific methods for controlling luxurious transpiration of crop population; theories and pathways for reducing field non-productive water consumption; the mechanism and pathways for sustainable utilization of unconventional water that may mitigate regional water crisis; the mechanism and pathways for gaining a balanced improvement of regional water productivity based on the balance between water resources supply and requirement. Finally, the main challenges in basic studies on efficient field water use in the NCP were proposed, and the fields in which important breakthrough may be achieved in the future were also prospected.

Key words: North China Plain , water resource , crop yield , water use efficiency , water productivity

梅旭荣, 康绍忠, 于强, 黄元仿, 钟秀丽, 龚道枝, 霍再林, 刘恩科. 协同提升黄淮海平原作物生产力与农田水分利用效率途径[J]. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46(6): 1149-1157.

MEI Xu-Rong, KANG Shao-Zhong, YU Qiang, HUANG Yuan-Fang, ZHONG Xiu-Li, GONG Dao-Zhi, HUO Zai-Lin, LIU 恩Ke. Pathways to Synchronously Improving Crop Productivity and Field Water Use Efficiency in the North China Plain[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013, 46(6): 1149-1157.

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协同提升黄淮海平原作物生产力与农田水分利用效率途径

Pathways to Synchronously Improving Crop Productivity and Field Water Use Efficiency in the North China Plain

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