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Journal of Integrative Agriculture  2026, Vol. 25 Issue (10): 4192-4207    DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2026.02.028
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VvGA2ox5 positively improves drought tolerance in grapevine by activating the hormone signal transduction pathway

Shixiong Lu2, Juanbo Yang1,Guangling Shi1, Huimin Gou1, Shuaiting Wang1, Baozhen Zeng1, Ning Wang1, Juan Mao1#

1 College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China

2 Center for Laboratory and Base Development, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China

 Highlights  
• VvGA2ox5 positively regulates drought stress tolerance in grapevine.
• VvGA2ox5 interacts with VvDEH to cooperatively enhance drought stress tolerance in grapevine.
• VvGA2ox5 enhances drought stress tolerance in grapevine by activating the GA and ABA hormone signaling pathways.
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Abstract  Gibberellin 2-oxidases (GA2ox) play an important role in regulating the balance of bioactive gibberellins in plants, while their role in the drought response mechanism of grapes remains unclear. In this study, the subcellular localization analysis revealed that the VvGA2ox5 protein was predominantly localized to the cytoplasm and nucleus. Transient transformation experiments on ‘Pinot noir’ grape leaves showed that overexpression of VvGA2ox5 reduced relative electrical conductivity (REC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and increased proline content, antioxidant enzyme activity, and expression of drought-responsive genes. In contrast, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) silenced leaves showed the opposite results. Additionally, the overexpression of VvGA2ox5 in ‘Pinot noir’ grape calli and Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) further validated its positive function. In CRISPR-Cas9-edited grape calli, the results were opposite to those of overexpression lines. Meanwhile, yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) screening identified a drought-responsive protein, dehydration-induced 19 homolog 3 (VvDEH). RNA-seq analyses showed that overexpression of VvGA2ox5 significantly participates in the hormone signaling pathway. Accordingly, VvGA2ox5 is a crucial regulatory gene in enhancing drought tolerance in grapes and serves as a potential candidate gene for improving drought tolerance in plants. This finding offers significant theoretical support for drought tolerance breeding in grapes.
Keywords:  grape       VvGA2ox5        drought stress        yeast two-hybrid  
Received: 05 June 2025   Accepted: 17 February 2026 Online: 17 February 2026  
Fund: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32460725) and the Fuxi Foundation of Gansu Agricultural University, China (Gaufx-03J02).
About author:  #Correspondence Juan Mao, E-mail: maojuan@gsau.edu.cn

Cite this article: 

Shixiong Lu, Juanbo Yang, Guangling Shi, Huimin Gou, Shuaiting Wang, Baozhen Zeng, Ning Wang, Juan Mao. 2026. VvGA2ox5 positively improves drought tolerance in grapevine by activating the hormone signal transduction pathway. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 25(10): 4192-4207.

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