Involvement of brassinosteroids in mediating phosphorus acquisition and utilization of rice

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2026.01.015

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Shiyan Peng^1,², Jiangyao Fu^1,², Kuanyu Zhu^1,², Weiyang Zhang^1,², Zhiqin Wang¹, Junfei Gu^1,², Jianhua Zhang^3,⁴, Jianchang Yang^{1, 2#}

¹Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology /Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China

²Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China

³Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China

⁴The State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China

Highlights

l Brassinosteroids (BRs) enhance the activities of enzymes involved in phosphorus (P) acquisition and utilization.

l BRs up-regulate the expression of genes related to P uptake and transport.

l BRs promote P remobilization from vegetative tissues to the grain during maturity.

Abstract
References

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摘要

油菜素甾醇（BRs）是一类新型植物激素，在调节植物生长发育及应答生物与非生物胁迫中具有重要作用。然而，关于BRs是否以及如何调控水稻对磷（P）的吸收与利用？知之甚少。于2019-2024年，本研究以水稻强耐低磷品种（SVs）和弱耐低磷品种（WVs）为材料，通过水培与大田试验，对此问题进行了探究。结果显示，在低磷条件下，各生育期SVs根系与叶片中BRs含量包括24-表油菜素内酯(24-EBL)和28-高油菜素内酯(28-HBL )含量均显著高于WVs。24-EBL和28-HBL含量与反映水稻磷吸收利用的关键指标，如磷含量、酸性磷酸酶和质子泵ATP酶活性、磷转运率呈极显著正相关；较高的24-EBL和28-HBL含量促使SVs获得较高的磷积累量、磷收获指数、磷籽粒生产效率和产量。相比之下，其他内源植物激素，如细胞分裂素(玉米素+玉米素核苷)、吲哚-3-乙酸、赤霉素(GA₁+GA₄)、脱落酸、茉莉酸和乙烯水平在SVs与WVs之间无显著差异，且在低磷条件下与水稻磷吸收利用指标无显著相关。外源施用24-EBL能显著提升水稻植株BRs水平，改善水稻磷吸收利用相关参数，上调磷吸收与转运基因表达，并提高磷转运率、磷籽粒生产效率和产量；施用BRs合成抑制剂芸苔素唑的结果则相反。这些发现揭示了BRs调控水稻磷吸收利用的作用机制，为通过提升水稻内源BRs水平协同提高产量与磷利用效率的育种和栽培提供了新策略。

Abstract

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a novel class of plant hormones that play important roles in regulating plant growth and development, as well as in responding to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, little is known whether and how BRs mediate phosphorus (P) acquisition and utilization in rice. This study investigated the question. Both hydroponics and field experiments were conducted in 2019-2024 by using rice varieties either with strong tolerance to low P (SVs) or with weak tolerance to low P (WVs). The results showed that the SVs had higher levels of BRs including 24-epibrassinolide (24-EBL) and 28-homobrassinolide (28-HBL) in both roots and leaves than WVs at each growth stage and under a low P (LP) condition. Levels of 24-EBL and 28-HBL were very significantly and positively correlated with the parameters reflecting P acquisition and utilization, such as P content, activities of acid phosphatase and proton-pumping adenosine triphosphatase, and P remobilization, leading to more P accumulation and higher P harvest index, internal P use efficiency, and grain yield for SVs. In contrast, levels of other phytohormones including cytokinins (zeatin+zeatin riboside), indole-3-acetic acid, gibberellic acids (GA₁+GA₄), abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene were neither markedly different between SVs and WVs nor significantly correlated with the parameters reflecting P acquisition and utilization under LP. Applying 24-EBL prominently increased BRs levels in plants, improved the parameters reflecting P acquisition and utilization, up-regulated expression of the genes involved in P uptake and transport, and increased P remobilization, internal P use efficiency, and grain yield, whereas applying brassinazole, an inhibitor of BRs synthesis, exhibited opposite effects. These findings shed light on the role and mechanism of BRs in mediating P acquisition and utilization, and provide a strategy for synergistically improving grain yield and P use efficiency through increasing BRs levels in the plants in rice breeding and crop management.

Keywords: rice brassinosteroids grain yield phosphorus acquisition and utilization strong tolerance to low phosphorus weak tolerance to low phosphorus

Online: 14 January 2026

Fund:

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32272198, 32071943), the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, China (PAPD-2020-01), and by the Government Funding to the Chinese University of Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology via Innovation and Technology Commission (2022/23-2023/24).

About author: Shiyan Peng, Tel/Fax: +86-514-87979317, E-mail: mz120241483@stu.yzu.edu.cn; #Correspondence Jianchang Yang, Tel/Fax: +86-514-87324276, E-mail: jcyang@yzu.edu.cn

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Shiyan Peng, Jiangyao Fu, Kuanyu Zhu, Weiyang Zhang, Zhiqin Wang, Junfei Gu, Jianhua Zhang, Jianchang Yang. 2026. Involvement of brassinosteroids in mediating phosphorus acquisition and utilization of rice. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, Doi:10.1016/j.jia.2026.01.015

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