A comparative study on the role of conventional, chemical, and nanopriming for better salt tolerance during seed germination of direct seeding rice

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2023.12.013

Journal of Integrative Agriculture

2024, Vol. 23

Issue (12): 3998-4017 DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.12.013

Special Issue: 水稻耕作栽培Rice Physiology · Biochemistry · Cultivation · Tillage

Crop Science

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A comparative study on the role of conventional, chemical, and nanopriming for better salt tolerance during seed germination of direct seeding rice

Yixue Mu^{1, 2}, Yusheng Li^{1, 2}, Yicheng Zhang^{1, 2}, Xiayu Guo^{3, 4}, Shaokun Song^{1, 2}, Zheng Huang^{1, 3}, Lin Li^{1, 2}, Qilin Ma^{1, 2#}, Mohammad Nauman Khan^{1, 2#}, Lixiao Nie^{1, 2#}

¹School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication) of Hainan University, Hainan University, Sanya 572000, China

²College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China

³National Innovation Center of Saline–Alkali Tolerant Rice in Sanya, Sanya 572000, China

⁴Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China

Abstract
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摘要

盐胁迫是作物生产和粮食安全面临的重大风险之一，严重阻碍了直播水稻的种子萌发和幼苗生长。据报道，纳米颗粒在非生物胁迫下更有效地参与了种子萌发的的生理生化过程。然而，目前还没有报道过关于传统、化学和纳米种子引发技术提高直播水稻种子耐盐发芽的比较研究。本研究在不同盐度（0、1.5和3‰）下，利用两个杂交水稻品种（CY1000和LLY506）以及不同的种子引发技术—水引发、化学引发（抗坏血酸、水杨酸和γ-氨基丁酸）和纳米引发（纳米氧化锌颗粒）进行了生长箱和大田试验。结果表明，盐胁迫抑制了直播水稻种子发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数和幼苗的生长。主要表现为盐胁迫增加了水稻幼苗内活性氧（H₂O₂和O₂^•−）、丙二醛（MDA）含量的积累及水稻幼苗地上部钠离子含量，降低了水稻幼苗地上部钾离子含量。而种子引发技术均不同程度提高了直播水稻的耐盐发芽能力，其中，纳米氧化锌引发的出苗效果最佳。进一步研究发现，纳米氧化锌引发处理显著提高了水稻种子萌发过程中的α-淀粉酶活、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量和抗氧化酶活性。此外，纳米氧化锌引发诱导水稻种子耐盐发芽的另一机制与种子萌发过程中水稻体内较高的K⁺离子含量有关。因此，纳米氧化锌引发处理可被用作一种盐胁迫条件下促进直播水稻萌发出苗的种子处理技术。

Abstract

Salinity is one of the most significant risks to crop production and food security as it harms plant physiology and biochemistry. The salt stress during the rice emergence stages severely hampers the seed germination and seedling growth of direct-seeded rice. Recently, nanoparticles (NPs) have been reported to be effectively involved in many plant physiological processes, particularly under abiotic stresses. To our knowledge, no comparative studies have been performed to study the efficiency of conventional, chemical, and seed nanopriming for better plant stress tolerance. Therefore, we conducted growth chamber and field experiments with different salinity levels (0, 1.5, and 3‰), two rice varieties (CY1000 and LLY506), and different priming techniques such as hydropriming, chemical priming (ascorbic acid, salicylic acid, and γ-aminobutyric acid), and nanopriming (zinc oxide nanoparticles). Salt stress inhibited rice seed germination, germination index, vigor index, and seedling growth. Also, salt stress increased the over accumulation of reactive oxygen species (H₂O₂ and O₂^-·) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents. Furthermore, salt-stressed seedlings accumulated higher sodium (Na⁺) ions and significantly lower potassium (K⁺) ions. Moreover, the findings of our study demonstrated that, among the different priming techniques, seed nanopriming with zinc oxide nanoparticles (NanoZnO) significantly contributed to rice salt tolerance. ZnO nanopriming improved rice seed germination and seedling growth in the pot and field experiments under salt stress. The possible mechanism behind ZnO nanopriming improved rice salt tolerance included higher contents of α-amylase, soluble sugar, and soluble protein and higher activities of antioxidant enzymes to sustain better seed germination and seedling growth. Moreover, another mechanism of ZnO nanopriming induced rice salt tolerance was associated with better maintenance of K⁺ ions content. Our research concluded that NanoZnO could promote plant salt tolerance and be adopted as a practical nanopriming technique, promoting global crop production in salt-affected agricultural lands.

Keywords: rice salinity ROS scavenging seed nanopriming germination mechanism

Received: 10 July 2023 Accepted: 07 November 2023

Fund:

This work is supported by the Foundation of Major Projects in Hainan Province, China (ZDKJ202001) and the Research Initiation Fund of Hainan University, China (KYQD (ZR) 19104).

About author: Yixue Mu, E-mail: 740731198@qq.com; #Correspondence Qilin Ma, E-mail: hbhnqlm@163.com; Mohammad Nauman Khan, E-mail: 184268@hainanu.edu.cn; Lixiao Nie, E-mail: lxnie@hainanu.edu.cn *These authors contributed equally to this study.

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Cite this article:

Yixue Mu, Yusheng Li, Yicheng Zhang, Xiayu Guo, Shaokun Song, Zheng Huang, Lin Li, Qilin Ma, Mohammad Nauman Khan, Lixiao Nie. 2024. A comparative study on the role of conventional, chemical, and nanopriming for better salt tolerance during seed germination of direct seeding rice. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 23(12): 3998-4017.

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