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Journal of Integrative Agriculture  2023, Vol. 22 Issue (6): 1631-1644    DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.08.035
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Raised bed planting promotes grain number per spike in wheat grown after rice by improving spike differentiation and enhancing photosynthetic capacity
DU Xiang-bei1, XI Min2, WEI Zhi1, CHEN Xiao-fei1, WU Wen-ge2#, KONG Ling-cong1#

1 Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, P.R.China

2 Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, P.R.China

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摘要  

我国长江流域的小麦-水稻两熟种植模式下,稻茬小麦的产量显著受到逐渐增加的渍害不利影响。我们前期研究发现,高畦种植模式(RBP)可减轻稻茬小麦渍害影响,提高穗粒数最终产量提高。然而,有关RBP模式下穗粒数增加的生理机制尚不清楚。于2018/20192019/2020两个生长季节进行大田试验,研究不同种植模式(RBP 和常规平作种植(FP))对小麦小花分化、籽粒形成特征以及叶片光合源特征的影响。研究结果表明,RBP改善了小麦小花发育过程中的土壤-植物氮(N)素供应,促进了小花的平衡发育,导致每穗可育小花数量增加了9.5%。此外,RBP延缓了小麦叶片的衰老,光合源强提高了13.9%,生产了更多的同化物用于籽粒灌浆。叶片衰老延迟主要由于较高叶片N含量和增强的抗氧化代谢。最终,RBP穗粒数增加了7.6-8.6%,籽粒产量提高了10.4-12.7%。因此,RBP模式下小麦穗粒数增加的主要原因是穗分化过程的改善和叶片光合源能力的增强。同时,这项技术还有待于进一步研究改进。



Abstract  The yield of wheat in wheat–rice rotation cropping systems in the Yangtze River Plain, China, is adversely impacted by waterlogging. A raised bed planting (RBP) pattern may reduce waterlogging and increase the wheat yield after rice cultivation by improving the grain number per spike. However, the physiological basis for grain formation under RBP conditions remains poorly understood. The present study was performed over two growing seasons (2018/2019 and 2019/2020) to examine the effects of the planting pattern (i.e., RBP and flat planting (FP)) on the floret and grain formation features and leaf photosynthetic source characteristics of wheat. The results indicated that implementation of the RBP pattern improved the soil–plant nitrogen (N) supply during floret development, which facilitated balanced floret development, resulting in a 9.5% increase in the number of fertile florets per spike. Moreover, the RBP pattern delayed wheat leaf senescence and increased the photosynthetic source capacity by 13.9%, which produced more assimilates for grain filling. Delayed leaf senescence was attributed to the resultant high leaf N content and enhanced antioxidant metabolism. Correspondingly, under RBP conditions, 7.6–8.6% more grains per spike were recorded, and the grain yield was ultimately enhanced by 10.4–12.7%. These results demonstrate that the improvement of the spike differentiation process and the enhancement of the leaf photosynthetic capacity were the main reasons for the increased grain number per spike of wheat under the RBP pattern, and additional improvements in this technique should be achievable through further investigation.
Keywords:  grain number       floret development       photosynthetic capacity       wheat grown after rice  
Received: 15 January 2003   Online: 16 May 2022   Accepted: 24 April 2022
Fund: 

This work was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFD0301306, 2018YFD0300906).

About author:  DU Xiang-bei, E-mail: duxiangbei@126.com; #Correspondence WU Wen-ge, Tel: +86-551-63370369, E-mail: wuwenge@vip. sina.com; KONG Ling-cong, Tel: +86-551-65146602, E-mail: konglingcong@126.com

Cite this article: 

DU Xiang-bei, XI Min, WEI Zhi, CHEN Xiao-fei, WU Wen-ge, KONG Ling-cong. 2023. Raised bed planting promotes grain number per spike in wheat grown after rice by improving spike differentiation and enhancing photosynthetic capacity. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 22(6): 1631-1644.

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