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Special Issue:
麦类耕作栽培合辑Triticeae Crops Physiology · Biochemistry · Cultivation · Tillage
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| Wheat growth, photosynthesis and physiological characteristics under different soil Zn levels |
LI Si-ping1, ZENG Lu-sheng1, SU Zhong-liang2 |
1 College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P.R.China
2 College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266031, P.R.China |
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摘要
该研究解析了低水平的Zn处理能有效促进小麦叶绿素的合成、提高光合能力，进而促进增产，而高水平的Zn处理则对小麦光系统有明显的胁迫作用，活性氧代谢系统的损伤，光合能力下降，进而导致减产。在ZnL4处理下，小麦叶片细胞器开始分解，液泡增大，细胞质减少，细胞壁增厚，叶绿体基粒片层混乱，线粒体膜出现解体。适宜小麦生长的最佳Zn水平为250 mg·kg-1左右，当土壤中的Zn水平超过500 mg·kg-1时小麦会受到胁迫。试验结果为土壤重金属Zn污染研究在农业生产中的诊断防治应用提供了理论依据。
Abstract In recent years, heavy metal hazards in the soil have seriously affected agricultural production. This study aims to examine the effects of different levels of heavy metal Zn on the growth, photosynthesis and physiological characteristics of wheat, and provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and control of heavy metal pollution in agricultural production. The field test method was used to explore the changes of wheat agronomic traits, photosynthetic capacity, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, spectral characteristic curve, active oxygen metabolism system, cell ultrastructure, and yield, under different Zn levels (0, 250, 500, 750, and 1 000 mg kg–1). The results show that, low-level Zn treatments can effectively promote the synthesis of wheat chlorophyll, improve photosynthetic capacity, and increase yield. The yield of ZnL1 (250 mg kg–1) was the highest in the two-year test, which increased by 20.4% in 2018 and 13.9% in 2019 compared with CK (0 mg kg–1). However, a high Zn level had a significant stress effect on the photosystem of wheat. PIabs (reaction center performance index) and Fv/Fm (maximum photochemical efficiency) were significantly reduced, the active oxygen metabolism system was damaged, and the photosynthetic capacity was reduced, which in turn led to reduced yield. Among them, the yield of ZnL4 (1 000 mg kg–1) was the lowest in the two-year test, which was 28.1 and 16.4% lower than CK in 2018 and 2019, respectively. The green peak position of ZnL3 and ZnL4 had “red shift” to the long wave direction, while the red valley position of ZnL4 had “blue shift” to the short wave direction. Under ZnL4, some wheat leaf organelles began to decompose, vacuoles increased, cytoplasm decreased, cell walls thickened, chloroplast basal lamellae were disordered, and mitochondrial membranes disintegrated. Stepwise regression and Path analysis showed that Pn (net photosynthetic rate) played a leading role in the formation of yield. Redundancy (RDA) analysis showed that the optimal Zn level for wheat growth was about 250 mg kg–1, and wheat would be stressed when the soil Zn level exceeded 500 mg kg–1 in the test condition of this study. Findings of this study provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and prevention of heavy metal (Zn) pollution in the soil.
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Received: 31 August 2020
Accepted: 04 February 2021
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| Fund: This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41471279) and the Key Research and Development Program in Shandong Province, China (2016CYJS05A1-7 and 2017CXGC0303). |
| About author: Correspondence ZENG Lu-sheng, Tel/Fax: +86-532-58957461, E-mail: zenglsh@163.com |
Cite this article:
LI Si-ping, ZENG Lu-sheng, SU Zhong-liang.
2022.
Wheat growth, photosynthesis and physiological characteristics under different soil Zn levels. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 21(7): 1927-1940.
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