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Special Issue:
水稻耕作栽培合辑Rice Physiology · Biochemistry · Cultivation · Tillage
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| Deciphering the morpho–physiological traits for high yield potential in nitrogen efficient varieties (NEVs): A japonica rice case study |
| ZHU Kuan-yu1, YAN Jia-qian1, SHEN Yong1, ZHANG Wei-yang1, XU Yun-ji2, WANG Zhi-qin1, YANG Jian-chang1 |
1 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P.R.China
2 Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P.R.China |
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摘要
选用氮高效水稻品种可减少氮肥的投入而不降低产量，但有关氮高效水稻品种的形态生理特征不清楚。本研究以3个氮高效粳稻品种和3个氮低效粳稻品种为材料并种植于大田，设置不施氮(0 kg N ha-1)和常规施氮量(180或200 kg N ha-1)2种处理。结果表明，与氮低效品种相比，氮高效品种在2种施氮量情况下均具有较高的总颖花量、结实率、产量和氮肥利用率。氮高效品种在穗分化期具有较高的根系氧化力、根干重、根长和根直径，灌浆期具有较高的粒叶比和茎蘖成穗率，抽穗后具有较高的氮转运量、干物质积累、良好的叶片性状包括较高的剑叶厚度、比叶重、光合速率，较高的核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶、叶绿素、氮和可溶性糖含量，以及较优的冠层结构（较高的氮消减系数与消光系数之比）。上述形态生理性状与产量及氮肥利用率呈显著或极显著正相关。这些性状可作为培育和筛选氮高效水稻品种的指标。
Abstract The use of nitrogen (N)-efficient rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties could reduce excessive N input without sacrificing yields. However, the plant traits associated with N-efficient rice varieties have not been fully defined or comprehensively explored. Here, three japonica N-efficient varieties (NEVs) and three japonica N-inefficient varieties (NIVs) of rice were grown in a paddy field under N omission (0 N, 0 kg N ha–1) and normal N (NN, 180 or 200 kg N ha−1) treatments. Results showed that NEVs exhibited higher grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) than NIVs under both treatments, due to improved sink size and filled-grains percentage in the former which had higher root oxidation activity and greater root dry weight, root length and root diameter at panicle initiation (PI), as well as higher spikelet–leaf ratio and more productive tillers during the grain-filling stage. Compared with NIVs, NEVs also exhibited enhanced N translocation and dry matter accumulation after heading and improved flag leaf morpho–physiological traits, including greater leaf thickness and specific leaf weight and higher contents of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, chlorophyll, nitrogen, and soluble sugars, leading to better photosynthetic performance. Additionally, NEVs had a better canopy structure, as reflected by a higher ratio of the extinction coefficient for effective leaf N to the light extinction coefficient, leading to enhanced canopy photosynthesis and dry matter accumulation. These improved agronomic and physiological traits were positively and significantly correlated with grain yield and internal NUE, which could be used to select and breed N-efficient rice varieties.
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Received: 18 September 2020
Accepted: 09 January 2020
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Fund: This work was supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32071843, 31901444 and 31901445), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0300206-4 and 2018YFD0300800), the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, China (PAPD), the Top Talent Supporting Program of Yangzhou University, China (2015-01), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (BK20190880), and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, China (19KJB210019).
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| About author: ZHU Kuan-yu, Tel/Fax: +86-514-87979317, E-mail: 1659855942@qq.com; Correspondence YANG Jian-chang, Tel/Fax: +86-514-87979317, E-mail: jcyang@yzu.edu.cn |
Cite this article:
ZHU Kuan-yu, YAN Jia-qian, SHEN Yong, ZHANG Wei-yang, XU Yun-ji, WANG Zhi-qin, YANG Jian-chang.
2022.
Deciphering the morpho–physiological traits for high yield potential in nitrogen efficient varieties (NEVs): A japonica rice case study. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 21(4): 947-963.
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