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Journal of Integrative Agriculture  2021, Vol. 20 Issue (12): 3289-3298    DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63570-5
Special Issue: 农业生态环境-土壤微生物合辑Agro-ecosystem & Environment—Soil microbe
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Characteristics of maize residue decomposition and succession in the bacterial community during decomposition in Northeast China
ZHAO Shi-cheng1, Ignacio A. CIAMPITTI2, QIU Shao-jun1, XU Xin-peng1, HE Ping1
1 Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P.R.China
2 Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
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摘要  

微生物是秸秆的分解者,气候条件和秸秆化学组成影响微生物的生长及其群落组成,并终影响秸秆分解。然而,对我国东北地区秸秆分解过程中的细菌演化特征并不清楚。为了阐明东北地区秸秆分解过程中细菌群体演化特征及其影响因子,我们于2014年10月份将玉米秸秆包埋入田间土壤,在随后的2年中不定期取样并分析秸秆生物量及其中细菌群落组成变化。秸秆埋入土壤5、12和24月后,其生物量积累损失率分别为起始量的18、69和77%;秸秆氮磷养分释放表现出与生物量相似的变化,而秸秆钾素1个月后释放了总量的79%。秸秆细菌丰度和群落组成多样性在埋入土壤后迅速增加,于9或20月后达到最高值。秸秆前期分解主要受环境温度和秸秆化学组成调控,后期主要受秸秆化学组成影响。细菌Actinobacteria、Bacteroidetes和Firmicutes门主导秸秆分解前期的群落组成,而Chloroflexi、Acidobacteria和Saccharibacteria门的丰度在分解后期逐步增加。总之,我国东北地区秸秆还田后的分解速率主要受环境温度和秸秆化学组成调控,秸秆分解过程中细菌群落从前期的富营养型群落主导向后期的贫营养型群落主导演化。




Abstract  
Microbes are decomposers of crop residues, and climatic factors and residue composition are known to influence microbial growth and community composition, which in turn regulate residue decomposition.  However, the succession of the bacterial community during residue decomposition in Northeast China is not well understood.  To clarify the property of bacterial community succession and the corresponding factors regulating this succession, bags containing maize residue were buried in soil in Northeast China in October, and then at different intervals over the next 2 years, samples were analyzed for residue mass and bacterial community composition.  After residue burial in the soil, the cumulative residue mass loss rates were 18, 69, and 77% after 5, 12, and 24 months, respectively.  The release of residue nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon followed a similar pattern as mass loss, but 79% of residue potassium was released after only 1 month.  The abundance, richness, and community diversity of bacteria in the residue increased rapidly and peaked after 9 or 20 months.  Residue decomposition was mainly influenced by temperature and chemical composition in the early stage, and was influenced by chemical composition in the later stage.  Phyla Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes dominated the bacterial community composition in residue in the early stage, and the abundances of phyla Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, and Saccharibacteria gradually increased in the later stage of decomposition.  In conclusion, maize residue decomposition in soil was greatly influenced by temperature and residue composition in Northeast China, and the bacterial community shifted from dominance of copiotrophic populations in the early stage to an increase in oligotrophic populations in the later stage. 
 
Keywords:  crop residue decomposition        bacteria        microbial community succession        nutrient release        climate condition  
Received: 03 July 2020   Accepted:
Fund: This project was supported by the National Key Research & Development Program of China (2016YFD0200102 and 2018YFD0201001).
Corresponding Authors:  Correspondence HE Ping, Tel: +86-10-82105638, E-mail: heping02@caas.cn   

Cite this article: 

ZHAO Shi-cheng, Ignacio A. CIAMPITTI, QIU Shao-jun, XU Xin-peng, HE Ping. 2021. Characteristics of maize residue decomposition and succession in the bacterial community during decomposition in Northeast China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 20(12): 3289-3298.


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