Please wait a minute...
Journal of Integrative Agriculture  2018, Vol. 17 Issue (2): 428-435    DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61747-7
Animal Science · Veterinary Medicine Advanced Online Publication | Current Issue | Archive | Adv Search |
Understanding the metabolism of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri in vitro by a transcriptomic analysis
WANG Xiao-hui1*, WANG Yan-fang1, 2*, HUANG Hai-bi1, BAI Fan1, SHI Xiao-na1, MA Chang-jiao1, GAO Yuan1, ZHANG Jian-hua1, ZHANG Wen-guang3, HAO Yong-qing1
1 Key Laboratory of Microbiology & Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, P.R.China
2 Foundation Medicine College, Baotou Medical School, Baotou 014040, P.R.China
3 Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Genomics, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, P.R.China
Download:  PDF in ScienceDirect  
Export:  BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)      
Abstract  It is generally known that the culture for mycoplasma is time-consuming and a variety of nutrients are needed in the culture medium.  This brings a lot of difficulties to mycoplasma research and application, including Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (Mmc).  Furthermore, little research on the characteristics of Mmc metabolism has been reported.  In this study, Mmc PG3 strain cultures were investigated for dynamic gene expression.  Culture samples were harvested during logarithmic phase (PG3-1), stationary phase (PG3-2), decline phase (PG3-3) and late decline phase (PG3-4).  Twelve RNA samples (three replicates for each of the four growth stages considered) from these cultures were collected and sequenced.  Paired comparison between consecutive growth phases in the four growth stages showed 45 significant differentially expressed genes (P<0.01) were linked to PG3 metabolism.  The enzymes these genes coded were mainly involved in ATP synthase, pyrimidine metabolism, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism.  Among these, cytidylate kinase, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate aldolases Class II, nicotinate-nucleotide adenylyltransferase and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase play a key role in Mmc metabolism.  These results provide a baseline to build our understanding of the metabolic pathway of Mmc.  
Keywords:  metabolism        Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri        transcriptomic  
Received: 04 July 2017   Accepted:
Fund: 

This work was supported by the Science and Technology Project of Inner Mongolia, China (201502070).

Corresponding Authors:  Correspondence HAO Yong-qing, E-mail: haoyq1960@163.com; ZHANG Wen-guang, E-mail: atcgnmbi@aliyun.com    
About author:  WANG Xiao-hui, Mobile: +86-15034782080, E-mail: wangxiaohui_hao@126.com; WANG Yan-fang, Mobile: +86-15849279411, E-mail: wyf-nmgnd@163.com; * These authors contributed equally to this study.

Cite this article: 

WANG Xiao-hui, WANG Yan-fang, HUANG Hai-bi, BAI Fan, SHI Xiao-na, MA Chang-jiao, GAO Yuan, ZHANG Jian-hua, ZHANG Wen-guang, HAO Yong-qing . 2018. Understanding the metabolism of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri in vitro by a transcriptomic analysis. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 17(2): 428-435.

Audic S, Claverie J M. 1997. The significance of digital gene expression profiles. Genome Research, 7, 986–995.

Benjamini Y, Yekutieli D. 2001. The control of the false discovery rate in multiple testing under dependency. Annals of Statistics, 29, 1165–1188.

Corona L, Cillara G, Tola S. 2013. Proteomic approach for identification of immunogenic proteins of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri. Veterinary Microbiology, 167, 434–439.

Croucher N J, Thomson N R. 2010. Studying bacterial transcriptomes using RNA-seq. Current Opinion in Microbiology, 13, 619–624.

Huang H, Li X, Wu M. 2013. Cloning, expression and characterization of a phosphogluco-mutase/phosphomannomutase from sphingan-producing Sphingomonas sanxanigenens. Biotechnology Letters, 35, 1265–1270.

Jiang M, Chen X, Liang L. 2014. Co-expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and nicotinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase for succinate production in engineered Escherichia coli. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 56, 8–14.

Kanehisa M, Araki M, Goto S, Hattori M, Hirakawa M, Itoh M, Katayama T, Kawashima S, Okuda S, Tokimatsu T, Yamanishi Y. 2008. KEGG for linking genomes to life and the environment. Nucleic Acids Research, 36(Suppl.1), D480–D484.

Kanehisa M, Goto S, Hattori M, Aoki-Kinoshita K F, Itoh M, Kawashima S, Katayama T, Araki M, Hirakawa M. 2006. From genomics to chemical genomics: New developments in KEGG. Nucleic Acids Research, 34(Suppl.1), D354–D357.

Li G L, Zhao J G, Li X Y, Yu M, Samuel M S, Zhao S H, Prather R S, Li C. 2014. Dysregulation of genome-wide gene expression and DNA methylation in abnormal cloned piglets. BMC Gnomics, 15, 811.

Maier T, Marcos J, Wodke J A H, Paetzold B, Liebeke M, Gutierrez Gallego R, Serrano L. 2013. Large-scale metabolome analysis and quantitative integration with genomics and proteomics data in Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Molecular BioSystems, 9, 1743–1755.

Pachkova M, Dandekarc T, Korbeld J, Bork P, Schuster S. 2007. Use of pathway analysis and genome context methods for functional genomics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae nucleotide metabolism. Gene, 396, 215–225.

Pegan S D, Rukseree K, Capodagli G C, Baker E A, Krasnykh O, Franzblau S G, Mesecar A D. 2013. Active site loop dynamics of a class IIa fructose 1,6-bisphosphate aldolase from M. Tuberculosis. Biochemistry, 52, 912–925.

Razin S, Yogev D, Naot Y. 1998. Molecular biology and pathogenicity of mycoplasmas. Microbiology & Molecular Biology Reviews, 62, 1094–1156.

Sorek R, Cossart. 2010. Prokaryotic transcriptomics: A new view on regulation, physiology and pathogenicity. Nature Reviews Genetics, 11, 9–16.

Sun S, Xuan F, Ge X, Fu H, Zhu J, Zhang S. 2014. Identification of differentially expressed genes in hepatopancreas of oriental river prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense exposed to environmental hypoxia. Gene, 534, 298–306.

Wodke J A H, Puchalka J, Lluch-Senar M, Marcos J, Us E, Godinho M, Gutierrez Gallego R, Martins dos Santos V A, Serrano L, Klipp E, Maier T. 2013. Dissecting the energy metabolism in Mycoplasma pneumoniae through genome-scale metabolic modeling. Molecular Systems Biology, 9, 653.

Xu C G, Hao Y Q, Zhang L, Hao R X , Liu X L, Huang Z Y. 2014. Molecular cloning and immune response analysis of putative variable lipoproteins from Mycoplasma mycoides subsp capri. Genetics & Molecular Research, 13, 1527–1539.

Yus E, Maier T, Michalodimitrakis K, van Noort V, Yamada T, Chen W H, Wodke J A, Güell M, Martínez S, Bourgeois R, Kühner S, Raineri E, Letunic I, Kalinina O V, Rode M, Herrmann R, Gutiérrez-Gallego R, Russell R B, Gavin A C, Bork P, et al. 2009. Impact of genome reduction on bacterial metabolism and its regulation. Science, 326, 1263–1268.
[1] Shan Wang, Kailin Shi, Yufan Xiao, Wei Ma, Yiguo Hong, Daling Feng, Jianjun Zhao. The circadian clock shapes diurnal gene expression patterns linked to glucose metabolic processes in Chinese cabbage[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2025, 24(6): 2155-2170.
[2] Zimeng Liang, Xidan Cao, Rong Gao, Nian Guo, Yangyang Tang, Vinay Nangia, Yang Liu. Brassinosteroids alleviate wheat floret degeneration under low nitrogen stress by promoting the redistribution of sucrose from stems to spikes[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2025, 24(2): 497-516.
[3] Zhen Liu, Ning Xu, Jumei Hou, Tong Liu. TbNACα negatively regulates Trichoderma breve T069 synthesis of ethyl caffeate and enhances antagonism of Sclerotium rolfsii[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2025, 24(11): 4324-4341.
[4] Yuxin Liu, Chi Shen, Xiaoyu Wang, Chaogeng Xiao, Zisheng Luo, Guochang Sun, Wenjing Lu, Rungang Tian, Lijia Dong, Xueyuan Han. Mitigating ethyl carbamate production in Chinese rice wine: Role of raspberry extract[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2025, 24(1): 353-365.
[5] Gaosong Liu, Xuelian Lü, Qiufeng Tian, Wanjiang Zhang, Fei Yi, Yueling Zhang, Shenye Yu. Deletion of Salmonella pathogenicity islands SPI-1, 2 and 3 induces substantial morphological and metabolic alternation and protective immune potential[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2025, 24(1): 272-289.
[6] Qian Wang, Huimin Cao, Jingcheng Wang, Zirong Gu, Qiuyun Lin, Zeyan Zhang, Xueying Zhao, Wei Gao, Huijun Zhu, Hubin Yan, Jianjun Yan, Qingting Hao, Yaowen Zhang. Fine-mapping and primary analysis of candidate genes associated with seed coat color in mung bean (Vigna radiata L.)[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2024, 23(8): 2571-2588.
[7] Chengxian Sun, Yaoguo Qin, Julian Chen, Zhengxi Li. The biosynthesis of alarm pheromone in the wheat aphid Rhopalo-siphum padi is regulated by hormones via fatty acid metabolism[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2024, 23(7): 2346-2361.
[8] Yuting Liu, Hanjia Li, Yuan Chen, Tambel Leila. I. M., Zhenyu Liu, Shujuan Wu, Siqi Sun, Xiang Zhang, Dehua Chen.

Inhibition of protein degradation increases the Bt protein concentration in Bt cotton [J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2024, 23(6): 1897-1909.

[9] Dian Jin, Yuting Liu, Zhenyu Liu, Yuyang Dai, Jianing Du, Run He, Tianfan Wu, Yuan Chen, Dehua Chen, Xiang Zhang. Mepiquat chloride increases the Cry1Ac protein content of Bt cotton under high temperature and drought stress by regulating carbon and amino acid metabolism[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2024, 23(12): 4032-4045.
[10] Yanmei Gao, Maoya Jing, Meng Zhang, Zhen Zhang, Yuqing Liu, Zhimin Wang, Yinghua Zhang. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of changes in grain weight potential induced by water stress in wheat[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2024, 23(11): 3706-3722.
[11] Zhenyu Liu, Shu Dong, Yuting Liu, Hanjia Li, Fuqin Zhou, Junfeng Ding, Zixu Zhao, Yinglong Chen, Xiang Zhang, Yuan Chen, Dehua Chen. Optimizing the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) protein concentration in cotton: Coordinated application of exogenous amino acids and EDTA to reduce spatiotemporal variability in boll and leaf toxins[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2024, 23(10): 3419-3436.
[12] ZHANG Lin-zhen, HE Li, WANG Ning, AN Jia-hua, ZHANG Gen, CHAI Jin, WU Yu-jie, DAI Chang-jiu, LI Xiao-han, LIAN Ting, LI Ming-zhou, JIN Long. Identification of novel antisense long non-coding RNA APMAP-AS that modulates porcine adipogenic differentiation and inflammatory responses[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(8): 2483-2499.
[13] Mariama KEBBEH, DONG Jing-xian, HUAN Chen, SHEN Shu-ling, LIU Yan, ZHENG Xiao-lin. Melatonin treatment alleviates chilling injury in mango fruit 'Keitt' by modulating proline metabolism under chilling stress[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(3): 935-944.
[14] XU Hui, HOU Kuo-yang, FANG Hao, LIU Qian-qian, WU Qiu, LIN Fei-fei, DENG Rui, ZHANG Lin-jie, CHEN Xiang, LI Jin-cai. Twice-split phosphorus application alleviates low-temperature impacts on wheat by improved spikelet development and setting[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(12): 3667-3680.
[15] ZHANG Yan-mei, AO De, LEI Kai-wen, XI Lin, Jerry W SPEARS, SHI Hai-tao, HUANG Yan-ling, YANG Fa-long. Dietary copper supplementation modulates performance and lipid metabolism in meat goat kids[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(1): 214-221.
No Suggested Reading articles found!