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| Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction Process of Polysaccharides from American Ginseng and Evaluation of Its Immunostimulating Activity |
| YANG Xiu-shi, WANG Li-jun, DONG Chuan, Edmund Man King Lui , REN Gui-xing |
1、Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P.R.China
2、Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P.R.China
3、Food and Nutritional Sciences Programme, School of Life Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong 999077,
P.R.China
4、Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario,
N6A 5C1, Canada |
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摘要 Ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) of American ginseng polysaccharides (AGP) was investigated using response surface methodology. Three-factor-three-level Box-Behnken design was employed to optimize the ultrasonic power, extraction time and ratio of water to raw material to obtain a high AGP yield. The analysis of variance and response surface plots indicated that ultrasonic power was the most important factor affecting the extraction yield. The optimal conditions were ultrasonic power 400 W, extraction time 71 min, and ratio of water to raw material 33 mL g-1. Under these conditions, the yield of AGP was 8.09%, which was agreed closely to the predicted value. Gas chromatography (GC) analysis showed that AGP was composed of arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, glucose, and galacturonic acid. Fourier transform infrared spectra revealed the general characteristic absorption peaks of AGP. In addition, AGP exhibited good immunostimulating activities by up-regulating the production of nitric oxide and cytokines. Compared with hot water extraction, UAE required shorter extraction time and gave a higher extraction yield, without changing the structure and immunostimulating activity of AGP. The results indicated that UAE could be an effective and advisable technique for the large scale production of plant polysaccharides.
Abstract Ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) of American ginseng polysaccharides (AGP) was investigated using response surface methodology. Three-factor-three-level Box-Behnken design was employed to optimize the ultrasonic power, extraction time and ratio of water to raw material to obtain a high AGP yield. The analysis of variance and response surface plots indicated that ultrasonic power was the most important factor affecting the extraction yield. The optimal conditions were ultrasonic power 400 W, extraction time 71 min, and ratio of water to raw material 33 mL g-1. Under these conditions, the yield of AGP was 8.09%, which was agreed closely to the predicted value. Gas chromatography (GC) analysis showed that AGP was composed of arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, glucose, and galacturonic acid. Fourier transform infrared spectra revealed the general characteristic absorption peaks of AGP. In addition, AGP exhibited good immunostimulating activities by up-regulating the production of nitric oxide and cytokines. Compared with hot water extraction, UAE required shorter extraction time and gave a higher extraction yield, without changing the structure and immunostimulating activity of AGP. The results indicated that UAE could be an effective and advisable technique for the large scale production of plant polysaccharides.
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Received: 25 November 2013
Accepted:
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| Fund: This study was financially supported by the International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China (2011DFG32500) and the Sci & Tech Innovation Program of CAAS. |
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Corresponding Authors:
RENGui-xing, Tel: +86-10-62115596, Fax: +86-10-62156596, E-mail: renguixing@caas.cn; DONG Chuan, Tel: +86-351-7011011, E-mail: dc@sxu.edu.cn
E-mail: renguixing@caas.cn; dc@sxu.edu.cn
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| About author: YANG Xiu-shi, Tel: +86-10-62131376, E-mail: yangxiushi@sina.com; WANG Li-jun, Tel: +86-10-62115595, E-mail: wanglijun688@163.com;* These authors contributed equally to this study. |
Cite this article:
YANG Xiu-shi, WANG Li-jun, DONG Chuan, Edmund Man King Lui , REN Gui-xing.
2014.
Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction Process of Polysaccharides from American Ginseng and Evaluation of Its Immunostimulating Activity. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 13(12): 2807-2815.
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