|
|
|
Response Surface Optimization of Nigella glandulifera Freyn Seed Oil Yield by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction |
ZHANG Jun-ping, HOU Xi-lin, YU Tian, LI Ying, DONG Hai-yan |
1.State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing 210095, P.R.China
2.Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, P.R.China |
|
|
摘要 Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction was employed to extract oil from Nigella glandulifera Freyn seed in this study. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to evaluate the effects of the process parameters (pressure, temperature, and CO2 flow rate) on oil yield of N. glandulifera seed. A Box-Behnken design was used to optimize the extraction parameters. The analysis of variance indicated that the linear coefficients of pressure and CO2 flow rate, the quadratic term coefficients of pressure and temperature and the interactions between pressure and temperature, as well as temperature and CO2 flow rate, had significant effects on the oil yield (P<0.05). The optimal conditions to obtain the maximum oil yield from N. glandulifera seed were pressure 30.84 MPa, temperature 40.57°C, and CO2 flow rate 22.00 L h-1. Under these optimal conditions, the yield of oil was predicted to be 38.19%. The validation experiment results agreed with the predicted values. The fatty acid composition of N. glandulifera seed oil extracted using SC-CO2 was compared with that of oil obtained by Soxhlet method. The results showed that the fatty acid compositions of oil extracted by the two methods were similar. Identification of oil compounds with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed that the contents of unsaturated fatty acids linoleic acid (48.30%), oleic acid (22.28%) and saturated fatty acids palmitic acid (16.65%), stearic acid (4.17%) were the most abundant fatty acids in seed oil from N. glandulifera.
Abstract Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction was employed to extract oil from Nigella glandulifera Freyn seed in this study. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to evaluate the effects of the process parameters (pressure, temperature, and CO2 flow rate) on oil yield of N. glandulifera seed. A Box-Behnken design was used to optimize the extraction parameters. The analysis of variance indicated that the linear coefficients of pressure and CO2 flow rate, the quadratic term coefficients of pressure and temperature and the interactions between pressure and temperature, as well as temperature and CO2 flow rate, had significant effects on the oil yield (P<0.05). The optimal conditions to obtain the maximum oil yield from N. glandulifera seed were pressure 30.84 MPa, temperature 40.57°C, and CO2 flow rate 22.00 L h-1. Under these optimal conditions, the yield of oil was predicted to be 38.19%. The validation experiment results agreed with the predicted values. The fatty acid composition of N. glandulifera seed oil extracted using SC-CO2 was compared with that of oil obtained by Soxhlet method. The results showed that the fatty acid compositions of oil extracted by the two methods were similar. Identification of oil compounds with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed that the contents of unsaturated fatty acids linoleic acid (48.30%), oleic acid (22.28%) and saturated fatty acids palmitic acid (16.65%), stearic acid (4.17%) were the most abundant fatty acids in seed oil from N. glandulifera.
|
Received: 28 October 2010
Accepted:
|
Fund: This work was supported by the Public Welfare Industry (Agriculture) Research Program, China (200903018). |
Corresponding Authors:
Correspondence HOU Xi-lin, Tel: +86-25-84395917, E-mail: hxl@njau.edu.cn
E-mail: hxl@njau.edu.cn
|
About author: ZHANG Jun-ping, E-mail: xj2005zhangjp@126.com |
Cite this article:
ZHANG Jun-ping, HOU Xi-lin, YU Tian, LI Ying, DONG Hai-yan.
2012.
Response Surface Optimization of Nigella glandulifera Freyn Seed Oil Yield by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 12(1): 151-158.
|
[1]Bhattacharjee P, Singhal R S, Tiwari S R. 2007. Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of cottonseed oil. Journal of Food Engineering, 79, 892-898. [2]Brunner G. 1994. Gas extraction: An Introduction to Fundamentals of Supercritical Fluids and the Application to Separation Processes. Springer Publishing, New York. Chang C J, Chiu K L, Chen Y L, Chang C Y. 2000. Separation of catechins from green tea using carbon dioxide extraction. Food Chemistry, 68, 109-113. [3]Chow E T S, Wei L S, de Vor R E, Steinberg M P. 1998. Performance of ingredients in a soybean whipped topping. Journal of Food Science, 52, 1761-1765. [4]Chu B S, Quek S Y, Baharin B S. 2003. Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis for concentration of vitamin E in palm fatty acid distillate. Food Chemistry, 80, 295-302. [5]Clifford T. 1999. Fundamentals of Supercritical Fluids. Oxford Science Publications, New York, USA. Friedrich J P, List G R, Heakin A J. 1982. Petroleum-free extraction of oil from soybean with supercritical CO2. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 59, 282-292. [6]Hierro M T G, Santa-Maria G. 1992. Supercritical fluid extraction of vegetable and animal fats with CO2 - a mini review. Food Chemistry, 45, 189-192. [7]Huang W, Li Z, Niu H, Li D, Zhang J. 2008. Optimization of operating parameters for supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of lycopene by response surface methodology. Journal of Food Engineering, 89, 298- 302. [8]Kuk M S, Hron R J. 1994. Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of cottonseed with co-solvents. Journal of American Oil Chemists Society, 71, 1353-1356. [9]Lee J, Ye L, Landen W O, Eitenmiller R R. 2000. Optimization of an extraction procedure for the quantification of vitamin E in tomato and broccoli using response surface methodology. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 13, 45-57. [10]Lee W Y, Cho Y J, Oh S L, Park J H, Cha W S, Jung J Y. 2000. Extraction of grape seed oil by supercritical CO2 and ethanol modifier. Food Science and Biotechnology, 9, 174-178. [11]List G R, Friedrich J P, Christianson D D. 1984. Properties and processing of corn oils obtained by extraction with supercritical carbon dioxide. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 61, 1849-1851. [12]Liu S C, Yang F, Zhang C H, Ji H W, Hong P Z, Deng C J. 2009. Optimization of process parameters for supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of Passiflora seed oil by response surface methodology. Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 48, 9-14. [13]Pourmortazavi S M, Hajimirsadeghi S S. 2007. Supercritical fluid extraction in plant essential and volatile oil analysis. Journal of Chromatography (A), 1162, 2-24. [14]Reverchon E. 1997. Supercritical fluid extraction and fractionation of essential oils and related products. Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 10, l-37. Saldaña M D, Mohamed R S, Mazzafera P. 2002. Extraction of cocoa butter from Brazilian cocoa beansusing supercritical CO2 and ethane. Fluid Phase Equilibria, 194, 885-894. [15]Wang H C, Chen C R, Chang C J. 2001. Carbon dioxide extraction of ginseng root hair oil and ginsenosides. Food Chemistry, 72, 505-509. [16]Xiao P G, Li D P, Yang S L. 2002. Modern Chinese Materia Medica. Chemical Industry Press, Beijing. pp. 606-607. (in Chinese) [17]Xu X, Gao Y X, Liu G M, Wang Q, Zhao J. 2008. Optimization of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of sea buckthorn (Hippophae thamnoides L.) oil using response surface methodology. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 41, 1223-1231. [18]Yin J Z, Wang A Q, Wei W, Liu Y, Shi W H. 2005. Analysis of the operation conditions for supercritical fluid extraction of seed oil. Separation and Purification Technology, 43, 163-167. [19]Yue Z B, Yu H Q, Hu Z H, Harada H, Li Y Y. 2008. Surfactantenhanced anaerobic acidogenesis of Canna indica L. by rumen cultures. Bioresource Technology, 99, 3418- 3423. [20]Zaidul I S M, Norulaini N A N, Omar A K M, Smith R L. 2006. Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extractionand fractionation of palm kernel oil from palm kernel as cocoa butter replacers blend. Journal of Food Engineering, 73, 210-216. |
No Suggested Reading articles found! |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
|
Shared |
|
|
|
|
|
Discussed |
|
|
|
|