|
|
|
|
|
| Nitrogen Deficiency Limited the Improvement of Photosynthesis in Maize by Elevated CO2 Under Drought |
| ZONG Yu-zheng, SHANGGUAN Zhou-ping |
1.National Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100, P.R.China
2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R.China |
|
|
|
摘要 Global environmental change affects plant physiological and ecosystem processes. The interaction of elevated CO2, drought and nitrogen (N) deficiency result in complex responses of C4 species photosynthetic process that challenge our current understanding. An experiment of maize (Zea mays L.) involving CO2 concentrations (380 or 750 μmol mol-1, climate chamber), osmotic stresses (10% PEG-6000, -0.32 MPa) and nitrogen constraints (N deficiency treated since the 144th drought hour) was carried out to investigate its photosynthesis capacity and leaf nitrogen use efficiency. Elevated CO2 could alleviate drought-induced photosynthetic limitation through increasing capacity of PEPC carboxylation (Vpmax) and decreasing stomatal limitations (SL). The N deficiency exacerbated drought-induced photosynthesis limitations in ambient CO2. Elevated CO2 partially alleviated the limitation induced by drought and N deficiency through improving the capacity of Rubisco carboxylation (Vmax) and decreasing SL. Plants with N deficiency transported more N to their leaves at elevated CO2, leading to a high photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency but low whole-plant nitrogen-use efficiency. The stress mitigation by elevated CO2 under N deficiency conditions was not enough to improving plant N use efficiency and biomass accumulation. The study demonstrated that elevated CO2 could alleviate drought-induced photosynthesis limitation, but the alleviation varied with N supplies.
Abstract Global environmental change affects plant physiological and ecosystem processes. The interaction of elevated CO2, drought and nitrogen (N) deficiency result in complex responses of C4 species photosynthetic process that challenge our current understanding. An experiment of maize (Zea mays L.) involving CO2 concentrations (380 or 750 μmol mol-1, climate chamber), osmotic stresses (10% PEG-6000, -0.32 MPa) and nitrogen constraints (N deficiency treated since the 144th drought hour) was carried out to investigate its photosynthesis capacity and leaf nitrogen use efficiency. Elevated CO2 could alleviate drought-induced photosynthetic limitation through increasing capacity of PEPC carboxylation (Vpmax) and decreasing stomatal limitations (SL). The N deficiency exacerbated drought-induced photosynthesis limitations in ambient CO2. Elevated CO2 partially alleviated the limitation induced by drought and N deficiency through improving the capacity of Rubisco carboxylation (Vmax) and decreasing SL. Plants with N deficiency transported more N to their leaves at elevated CO2, leading to a high photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency but low whole-plant nitrogen-use efficiency. The stress mitigation by elevated CO2 under N deficiency conditions was not enough to improving plant N use efficiency and biomass accumulation. The study demonstrated that elevated CO2 could alleviate drought-induced photosynthesis limitation, but the alleviation varied with N supplies.
|
|
Received: 11 November 2012
Accepted:
|
| Fund: The study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31370425, 61273329) and the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education, China (20130204110024). |
|
Corresponding Authors:
SHANGGUAN Zhou-ping, Tel: +86-29-87019107, Fax: +86-29-87012210, E-mail: shangguan@ms.iswc.ac.cn
E-mail: shangguan@ms.iswc.ac.cn
|
| About author: SHANGGUAN Zhou-ping, Tel: +86-29-87019107, Fax: +86-29-87012210, E-mail: shangguan@ms.iswc.ac.cn |
Cite this article:
ZONG Yu-zheng, SHANGGUAN Zhou-ping.
2014.
Nitrogen Deficiency Limited the Improvement of Photosynthesis in Maize by Elevated CO2 Under Drought. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 13(1): 73-81.
|
| Albert K R, Mikkelsen T N, Michelsen A, Ro-Poulsen H, van der Linden L. 2011. Interactive effects of drought, elevated CO2 and warming on photosynthetic capacity and photosystem performance in temperate heath plants. Journal of Plant Physiology, 168, 1550-1561 Allen L H, Kakani V G, Vu J C V, Boote K J 2011. Elevated CO2 increases water use efficiency by sustaining photosynthesis of water-limited maize and sorghum. Journal of Plant Physiology, 168, 1909-1918 Cabrera-Bosquet L, Albrizio R, Araus J L, Nogués S. 2009. Photosynthetic capacity of field-grown durum wheat under different N availabilities: a comparative study from leaf to canopy. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 67, 145-152 von Caemmerer S, Furbank R. 1999. Modeling C4 photosynthesis. In: Sage R F, Monson R K, eds., C4 Plant Biology. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA. pp. 173-211 Cerling T E, Harris J M, MacFadden B J, Leakey M G, Quade J, Eisenmann V, Ehleringer J R. 1997. Global vegetation change through the Miocene/Pliocene boundary. Nature, 389, 153-158 Chaves M M, Flexas J, Pinheiro C. 2008. Photosynthesis under drought and salt stress: regulation mechanisms from whole plant to cell. Annals of Botany, 103, 551- 560. Crous K Y, Walters M B, Ellsworth D S. 2008. Elevated CO2 concentration affects leaf photosynthesis-nitrogen relationships in Pinus taeda over nine years in FACE. Tree Physiology, 28, 607-614 Dodd M B, Mackay A D 2011. Effects of contrasting soil fertility on root mass, root growth, root decomposition and soil carbon under a New Zealand perennial ryegrass/ white clover pasture. Plant and Soil, 349, 291-302 Driscoll S P, Prins A, Olmos E, Kunert K J, Foyer C H. 2006. Specification of adaxial and abaxial stomata, epidermal structure and photosynthesis to CO2 enrichment in maize leaves. Journal of Experimental Botany, 57, 381-390 Edwards E J, McCaffery S, Evans J R. 2006. Phosphorus availability and elevated CO2 affect biological nitrogen fixation and nutrient fluxes in a clover-dominated sward. New Phytologist, 169, 157-167 Ellsworth D S, Reich P B, Naumburg E S, Koch G W, Kubiske M E, Smith S D. 2004. Photosynthesis, carboxylation and leaf nitrogen responses of 16 species to elevated pCO2 across four free-air CO2 enrichment experiments in forest, grassland and desert. Global Change Biology, 10, 2121-2138 Farooq M, Wahid A, Kobayashi N, Fujita D, Basra S M A. 2009. Plant drought stress: effects, mechanisms and management. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 29, 185-212 Farquhar G D, Sharkey T D. 1982. Stomatal conductance and photosynthesis. Annual Review of Plant Physiology, 33, 317-345 Galloway J N, Townsend A R, Erisman J W, Bekunda M, Cai Z C, Freney J R, Martinelli L A, Seitzinger S P, Sutton M A. 2008. Transformation of the nitrogen cycle: Recent trends, questions, and potential solutions. Science, 320, 889-892 Ghannoum O. 2009. C4 photosynthesis and water stress. Annals of Botany, 103, 635-644 Ghannoum O, von Caemmerer S, Barlow E W R, Conroy J P. 1997. The effect of CO2 enrichment and irradiance on the growth, morphology and gas exchange of a C3 (Panicum laxum) and a C4 (Panicum antidotale) grass. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology, 24, 227-237 Ghannoum O, von Caemmerer S, Ziska L H, Conroy J P. 2000. The growth response of C4 plants to rising atmospheric CO2 partial pressure: a reassessment. Plant Cell and Environment, 23, 931-942 Ghannoum O, Conroy J P. 1998. Nitrogen deficiency precludes a growth response to CO2 enrichment in C3 and C4 Panicum grasses. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology, 25, 627-636 Ghannoum O, Evans J R, Caemmerer S. 2011. Chapter 8 nitrogen and water use efficiency of C4 plants. In: C4 Photosynthesis and Related CO2 Concentrating Mechanisms. Germany Springer Science+Business Media, Germany. pp. 129-146 Ghannoum O, Evans J R, Chow W S, Andrews T J, Conroy J P, von Caemmerer S. 2005. Faster rubisco is the key to superior nitrogen-use efficiency in NADP-malic enzyme relative to NAD-malic enzyme C4 grasses. Plant Physiology, 137, 638-650 Gifford R M. 2004. The CO2 fertilising effect - does it occur in the real world? The international free air CO2 enrichment (FACE) workshop: short- and long- term effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 on managed ecosystems, Ascona, Switzerland, March 2004. New Phytologist, 163, 221-225 Leakey A D B. 2009. Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration and the future of C4 crops for food and fuel. Proceedings of the Royal Society (B-Biological Sciences), 276, 2333-2343 Leakey A D B, Uribelarrea M, Ainsworth E A, Naidu S L, Rogers A, Ort D R, Long S P. 2006. Photosynthesis, productivity, and yield of maize are not affected by open-air elevation of CO2 concentration in the absence of drought. Plant Physiology, 140, 779-790 Long S P, Ainsworth E A, Rogers A, Ort D R. 2004. Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide: plants face the future. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 55, 591-628 Long S P, Bernacchi C J. 2003. Gas exchange measurements, what can they tell us about the underlying limitations to photosynthesis? Procedures and sources of error. Journal of Experimental Botany, 54, 2393-2401 Luo Y, Su B, Currie W S, Dukes J S, Finzi A C, Hartwig U, Hungate B, McMurtrie R E, Oren R, Parton W J, et al. 2004. Progressive nitrogen limitation of ecosystem responses to rising atmospheric carbon dioxide. Bioscience, 54, 731-739 Markelz R J C, Strellner R S, Leakey A D B. 2011. Impairment of C4 photosynthesis by drought is exacerbated by limiting nitrogen and ameliorated by elevated CO2 in maize. Journal of Experimental Botany, 62, 3235-3246 Millard P, Grelet G. 2010. Nitrogen storage and remobilization by trees: ecophysiological relevance in a changing world. Tree Physiology, 30, 1083-1095 Mu Q Z, Zhao M S, Heinsch F A, Liu M L, Tian H Q, Running S W. 2007. Evaluating water stress controls on primary production in biogeochemical and remote sensing based models. Journal of Geophysical Research-Biogeosciences, 112, G01012. doi: 10.1029/2006JG000179 Prieto J A, Louarn G, Perez PeÑA J, Ojeda H, Simonneau T, Lebon E. 2012. A leaf gas exchange model that accounts for intra-canopy variability by considering leaf nitrogen content and local acclimation to radiation in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). Plant, Cell & Environment, 35, 1313- 1328. Reich P B, Hungate B A, Luo Y Q. 2006. Carbon-nitrogen interactions in terrestrial ecosystems in response to rising atmospheric carbon dioxide. Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, 37, 611-636 Robredo A, Perez-Lopez U, Lacuesta M, Mena-Petite A, Munoz-Rueda A. 2010. Influence of water stress on photosynthetic characteristics in barley plants under ambient and elevated CO2 concentrations. Biologia Plantarum, 54, 285-292 Sage R F, Kubien D S. 2003. Quo vadis C4? An ecophysiological perspective on global change and the future of C4 plants. Photosynthesis Research, 77, 209- 225. Schneider M K, Luscher A, Richter M, Aeschlimann U, Hartwig U A, Blum H, Frossard E, Nosberger J. 2004. Ten years of free-air CO2 enrichment altered the mobilization of N from soil in Lolium perenne L. swards. Global Change Biology, 10, 1377-1388 Seneweera S, Makino A, Hirotsu N, Norton R, Suzuki Y. 2011. New insight into photosynthetic acclimation to elevated CO2: the role of leaf nitrogen and ribulose- 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase content in rice leaves. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 71, 128-136 Taiz L, Zeiger E. 2006. Plant Physiology. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland. Tobita H, Uemura A, Kitao M, Kitaoka S, Maruyama Y, Utsugi H. 2011. Effects of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide, soil nutrients and water conditions on photosynthetic and growth responses of Alnus hirsuta. Functional Plant Biology, 38, 702-710 Vu J C V, Allen L H 2009. Growth at elevated CO2 delays the adverse effects of drought stress on leaf photosynthesis of the C4 sugarcane. Journal of Plant Physiology, 166, 107-116 Wand S J E, Midgley G F, Jones M H, Curtis P S 1999. Responses of wild C4 and C3 grass (Poaceae) species to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration: a meta-analytic test of current theories and perceptions. Global Change Biology, 5, 723-741 Yang L X, Wang Y L, Kobayashi K, Zhu J G, Huang J Y, Yang H J, Wang Y X, Dong G C, Liu G, Han Y, et al. 2008. Seasonal changes in the effects of free- air CO2 enrichment (FACE) on growth, morphology and physiology of rice root at three levels of nitrogen fertilization. Global Change Biology, 14, 1844-1853 Yin X Y, Sun Z P, Struik P C, van der Putten P E L, van Ieperen W, Harbinson J. 2011. Using a biochemical C4 photosynthesis model and combined gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence measurements to estimate bundle-sheath conductance of maize leaves differing in age and nitrogen content. Plant Cell and Environment, 34, 2183-2199 Zanetti S, Hartwig U A, Luscher A, Hebeisen T, Frehner M, Fischer B U, Hendrey G R, Blum H, Nosberger J. 1996. Stimulation of symbiotic N2 fixation in Trifolium repens L. under elevated atmospheric pCO2 in a grassland ecosystem. Plant Physiology, 112, 575-583 Zhou Z C, Gan Z T, Shangguan Z P, Dong Z B. 2009. China’s grain for green program has reduced soil erosion in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the middle reaches of the Yellow River. International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology, 16, 234- 239. |
| No Suggested Reading articles found! |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
| |
Shared |
|
|
|
|
| |
Discussed |
|
|
|
|
