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| Effect of Beak Trimming Stress on the Apoptosis and Its Related Protein Expression of Chicken Spleen |
| SUN Gui-rong, LI Yan, KANG Xiang-tao, TIAN Ya-dong, ZHANG Hu , LI Kui |
1.College of Livestock Husbandry and Veterinary Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, P.R.China
2.Henan Research Center of Breeding Resources for Poultry, Zhengzhou 450002, P.R.China |
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摘要 Beak trimming was a part of routine husbandry for poultry industry, which was the most efficient and economic way to reduce the incidence of cannibalism. However, the controversy about young chicken trimming still exits and it was drawing more concern recently along with the popular of animal behavior and welfare theory. To evaluate the influence of beak trimming on young chicken spleen development and find the key regulators of the spleen development, in this study, the electron microscope technique, flow cytometry and immunohistochemical techniques were used to investigate the effects of beak trimming stress on the spleen development. The result of electronic microscope showed that significant stress response could be found in chicken spleen cells after beak trimming. Cell volume became larger, chromatin of cell nuclear agglutinated conglobation, cytoplasm formed more vacuole, and mitochondria emerged vacuolization phenomenon in splenic lymphocyte after beak trimming. From the flow cytometry, the lymphocyte of spleen in the control group and experimental group were mainly in G1 phase, and the remaining small amount was in S and M phases. Of interest, the number of the lymphocyte which are in G1 phase within immune organ in the experimental group were more than that in the control group, but the number of cells in S and M phases were less than that in the control group. And beak trimming decreased the lymphocytes proliferation index of spleen. Inmmuohistochemical result showed that the beak trimming stress did not affect the expression sites of two apoptosis-related genes, Bcl-2 and Bax, in the spleen. But the expression level of Bcl-2 decreased while Bax increased in chicken immune organs after beak trimming. Furthermore, the beak trimming increased spleen cell apoptosis with a time-dependant style. Our findings may make a contribution to the active precaution of stress response.
Abstract Beak trimming was a part of routine husbandry for poultry industry, which was the most efficient and economic way to reduce the incidence of cannibalism. However, the controversy about young chicken trimming still exits and it was drawing more concern recently along with the popular of animal behavior and welfare theory. To evaluate the influence of beak trimming on young chicken spleen development and find the key regulators of the spleen development, in this study, the electron microscope technique, flow cytometry and immunohistochemical techniques were used to investigate the effects of beak trimming stress on the spleen development. The result of electronic microscope showed that significant stress response could be found in chicken spleen cells after beak trimming. Cell volume became larger, chromatin of cell nuclear agglutinated conglobation, cytoplasm formed more vacuole, and mitochondria emerged vacuolization phenomenon in splenic lymphocyte after beak trimming. From the flow cytometry, the lymphocyte of spleen in the control group and experimental group were mainly in G1 phase, and the remaining small amount was in S and M phases. Of interest, the number of the lymphocyte which are in G1 phase within immune organ in the experimental group were more than that in the control group, but the number of cells in S and M phases were less than that in the control group. And beak trimming decreased the lymphocytes proliferation index of spleen. Inmmuohistochemical result showed that the beak trimming stress did not affect the expression sites of two apoptosis-related genes, Bcl-2 and Bax, in the spleen. But the expression level of Bcl-2 decreased while Bax increased in chicken immune organs after beak trimming. Furthermore, the beak trimming increased spleen cell apoptosis with a time-dependant style. Our findings may make a contribution to the active precaution of stress response.
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Received: 10 January 2011
Accepted:
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| Fund: The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31072023) and the National Agricultural Science and Technology Achievements Transformation Foundation of China (2009GB2D000218), as well as the Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-Industry Technology Research System, China (CARS-41-K04). |
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Corresponding Authors:
Correspondence KANG Xiang-tao, Tel: +86-371-63558656, Fax: +86-371-63558180, E-mail:xtkang2001@263.net
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| About author: SUN Gui-rong, Tel: +86-371-63558656, E-mail: grsun2000@126.com |
Cite this article:
SUN Gui-rong, LI Yan, KANG Xiang-tao, TIAN Ya-dong, ZHANG Hu , LI Kui.
2012.
Effect of Beak Trimming Stress on the Apoptosis and Its Related Protein Expression of Chicken Spleen. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 12(4): 639-645.
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