西北绿洲灌区麦后复种绿肥对减量施氮春小麦生长及产量的补偿效应

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.03.004

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】Aiming at the problems of large amount of nitrogen fertilizer input, low utilization rate and single fertilizer source in traditional spring wheat planting in the oasis irrigation area of Northwest China, the effects of multiple cropping green manure after spring wheat on photosynthetic source, growth characteristics and yield of spring wheat under the condition of reduced nitrogen application were studied, with a view to provide the technical support for the construction of a nitrogen-saving and high-yield green planting model of spring wheat in the experimental area. 【Method】The split plot experiment was carried out in the oasis irrigation area of Hexi Corridor from 2021 to 2023. The main area was set up with two planting modes: post-wheat fallow (W) and post-wheat multiple cropping of hairy leaf (W-G), and the split plot was the traditional full nitrogen application of 100% (N1, 180 kg·hm^-2), reduced nitrogen application of 15% (N2, 153 kg·hm^-2) and reduced nitrogen application of 30% (N3, 126 kg·hm^-2). The photosynthetic source, stay-green of leaves, growth characteristics and yield performance related indicators of spring wheat under different treatments were measured and calculated. The Logistic equation of dry matter accumulation, the correlation between different indicators and the compensation index were constructed. The objective was to explore the compensation effect of multiple cropping green manure on the growth and yield of nitrogen-reduced spring wheat. 【Result】Post-wheat multiple cropping of green manure could compensate for the loss of photosynthetic source, growth characteristics and yield caused by nitrogen reduction to a certain extent. Among them, the compensation effect was the best under the condition of multiple cropping green manure after spring wheat combined with 15% nitrogen reduction (W-GN2), which showed super compensation and equal compensation effect. Multiple cropping of green manure significantly increased leaf area index, leaf area duration and stay-green of leaves in spring wheat at the late reproductive stage. Compared with the traditional post-wheat fallow total nitrogen fertilization (WN1), W-GN2 increased the average leaf area index, leaf area duration and stay-green of leaves by 17.7%, 17.5% and 7.6% on the 75-90 days after seedling, respectively. W-GN2 optimized the growth characteristics of spring wheat. Compared with WN1, the average dry matter accumulation, the maximum growth rate of dry matter and crop growth rate under W-GN2 increased by 6.2%, 6.9% and 5.1%, respectively, and the net assimilation rate decreased by 6.2%. Due to the compensation of multiple cropping green manure for photosynthetic source and growth characteristics, the photosynthesis, population growth and material accumulation rate of spring wheat remained high in the late growth stage, which was conducive to the improvement of grain yield. The grain yield under W-GN2 was 14.7% higher than that under WN1, which was mainly attributed to the compensation of the spike number, 1000-grain weight and harvest index by multiple cropping green manure, and W-GN2 was 6.5%, 6.9% and 13.2% higher than that under WN1, respectively. According to the correlation analysis, it was found that W-GN2 treatment had better performance in photosynthetic source, growth characteristics and grain yield formation, and mainly promoted the formation of yield by compensating the photosynthetic source of spring wheat. 【Conclusion】Multiple cropping of hairy vetch after spring wheat with 15% reduction of nitrogen application could be used as a perfect production technology to regulate the photosynthetic source and growth characteristics of spring wheat in the northwest oasis irrigation area to achieve nitrogen saving and yield increase.

Key words: green manure returning to field, nitrogen reduction, spring wheat, source of photosynthesis, growth characteristics, grain yield, compensation index

QIU HaiLong, LI Pan, ZHANG DianKai, FAN ZhiLong, HU FaLong, CHEN GuiPing, FAN Hong, HE Wei, YIN Wen, ZHAO LianHao. Compensatory Effects of Multiple Cropping Green Manure on Growth and Yield Loss of Nitrogen-Reduced Spring Wheat in Oasis Irrigation Areas of Northwest China[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(3): 443-459.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Table 1

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Table 2

Fig. 8

Fig. 9

References 39

[1]	熊正琴, 张晓旭. 氮肥高效施用在低碳农业中的关键作用. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2017, 23(6): 1433-1440.
	XIONG Z Q, ZHANG X X. Key role of efficient nitrogen application in low carbon agriculture. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, 2017, 23(6): 1433-1440. (in Chinese)
[2]	ZHANG G, WANG X K, SUN B F, ZHAO H, LU F, ZHANG L. Status of mineral nitrogen fertilization and net mitigation potential of the state fertilization recommendation in Chinese cropland. Agricultural Systems, 2016, 146: 1-10.
[3]	刘钦普. 农田氮磷面源污染环境风险研究评述. 土壤通报, 2016, 47(6): 1506-1513.
	LIU Q P. Review on environmental risk from non-point source pollution by nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2016, 47(6): 1506-1513. (in Chinese)
[4]	殷芳, 何小七, 樊志龙, 胡发龙, 范虹, 殷文, 柴强. 复种绿肥补偿减量施氮导致的小麦光合效能和产量损失. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2022, 28(11): 1990-2000.
	YIN F, HE X Q, FAN Z L, HU F L, FAN H, YIN W, CHAI Q. Compensation of photosynthesis indexes and yield loss of wheat caused by nitrogen reduction with multiple cropping green manures. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2022, 28(11): 1990-2000. (in Chinese)
[5]	陈俊南, 姜文洋, 昝志曼, 汪江涛, 郑宾, 刘领, 刘娟, 焦念元. 玉米和花生同垄间作对作物光合特性和间作优势的影响. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(10): 2672-2682. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202310.010
	CHEN J N, JIANG W Y, ZAN Z M, WANG J T, ZHENG B, LIU L, LIU J, JIAO N Y. Effects of maize and peanut co-ridge intercropping on crop photosynthetic characteristics and intercropping advantages. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2023, 34(10): 2672-2682. (in Chinese) doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202310.010
[6]	赵财, 王巧梅, 郭瑶, 殷文, 樊志龙, 胡发龙, 于爱忠, 柴强. 水氮耦合对地膜玉米免耕轮作小麦干物质积累及产量的影响. 作物学报, 2018, 44(11): 1694-1703. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.01694
	ZHAO C, WANG Q M, GUO Y, YIN W, FAN Z L, HU F L, YU A Z, CHAI Q. Effects of water-nitrogen coupling patterns on dry matter accumulation and yield of wheat under No-tillage with previous plastic mulched maize. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2018, 44(11): 1694-1703. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.01694
[7]	FEI L W, PAN Y H, MA H L, GUO R J, WANG M, LING N, SHEN Q R, GUO S W. Optimal organic-inorganic fertilization increases rice yield through source-sink balance during grain filling. Field Crops Research, 2024, 308: 109285.
[8]	SHI X R, LI C, LI P, ZONG Y Z, ZHANG D S, GAO Z Q, HAO X Y, WANG J, LAM S K. Deep plowing increases soil water storage and wheat yield in a semiarid region of Loess Plateau in China: A simulation study. Field Crops Research, 2024, 308: 109299.
[9]	王自奎, 吴普特, 赵西宁, 李正中, 付小军. 作物间套作群体光能截获和利用机理研究进展. 自然资源学报, 2015, 30(6): 1057-1066. doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2015.06.016
	WANG Z K, WU P T, ZHAO X N, LI Z Z, FU X J. A review of light interception and utilization by intercropped canopies. Journal of Natural Resources, 2015, 30(6): 1057-1066. (in Chinese)
[10]	马富裕, 刘扬, 崔静, 樊华, 芦阳, 李明仁. 水肥一体化研究进展. 新疆农业科学, 2019, 56(1): 183-192. doi: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2019.01.022
	MA F Y, LIU Y, CUI J, FAN H, LU Y, LI M R. Review on the research progress of water and fertilizer integration. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 56(1): 183-192. (in Chinese)
[11]	马建涛, 柴守玺, 程宏波, 常磊. 农田秸秆覆盖技术及其应用研究进展. 生态学杂志, 2022, 41(3): 597-602.
	MA J T, CHAI S X, CHENG H B, CHANG L. Research progress of straw mulching technology and its application in farmland. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2022, 41(3): 597-602. (in Chinese) doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202202.023
[12]	麻碧娇, 陈桂平, 苟志文, 殷文, 樊志龙, 胡发龙, 范虹, 何蔚. 河西灌区减氮条件下小麦复种绿肥的水分利用及经济效益. 中国农业科学, 2024, 57(4): 740-754. doi : 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.04.009.
	MA B J, CHEN G P, GOU Z W, YIN W, FAN Z L, HU F L, FAN H, HE W. Water utilization and economic benefit of wheat multiple cropping with green manure under nitrogen reduction in Hexi irrigation area of northwest China. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(4): 740-754. doi : 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.04.009. (in Chinese)
[13]	曹卫东, 包兴国, 徐昌旭, 聂军, 高亚军, 耿明建. 中国绿肥科研60年回顾与未来展望. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2017, 23(6): 1450-1461.
	CAO W D, BAO X G, XU C X, NIE J, GAO Y J, GENG M J. Reviews and prospects on science and technology of green manure in China. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2017, 23(6): 1450-1461. (in Chinese)
[14]	麻碧娇, 苟志文, 殷文, 于爱忠, 樊志龙, 胡发龙, 赵财, 柴强. 干旱灌区麦后复种绿肥与施氮水平对小麦光合性能与产量的影响. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(18): 3501-3515. doi : 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.18.003.
	MA B J, GOU Z W, YIN W, YU A Z, FAN Z L, HU F L, ZHAO C, CHAI Q. Effects of multiple cropping green manure after wheat harvest and nitrogen application levels on wheat photosynthetic performance and yield in arid irrigated areas. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(18): 3501-3515. doi : 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.18.003. (in Chinese)
[15]	苟志文, 殷文, 徐龙龙, 何小七, 王琦明, 柴强. 绿洲灌区复种豆科绿肥条件下小麦稳产的减氮潜力. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2020, 26(12): 2195-2203.
	GOU Z W, YIN W, XU L L, HE X Q, WANG Q M, CHAI Q. Potential of nitrogen reduction for maintaining wheat grain yield under multiple cropping with leguminous green manure in irrigated oasis. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2020, 26(12): 2195-2203. (in Chinese)
[16]	张文霞, 李盼, 殷文, 陈桂平, 樊志龙, 胡发龙, 范虹, 何蔚. 麦后复种绿肥及配施不同水平氮肥对小麦产量、品质及氮素利用的影响. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(17): 3317-3330. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.17.007.
	ZHANG W X, LI P, YIN W, CHEN G P, FAN Z L, HU F L, FAN H, HE W. Effects of multiple green manure after wheat combined with different levels of nitrogen fertilization on wheat yield, grain quality, and nitrogen utilization. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(17): 3317-3330. doi : 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.17.007. (in Chinese)
[17]	吴霞玉, 李盼, 韦金贵, 范虹, 何蔚, 樊志龙, 胡发龙, 柴强, 殷文. 减量灌水及有机无机肥配施对西北灌区玉米光合生理、籽粒产量及品质的影响. 作物学报, 2024, 50(4): 1065-1079. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.33041
	WU X Y, LI P, WEI J G, FAN H, HE W, FAN Z L, HU F L, CHAI Q, YIN W. Effect of reduced irrigation and combined application of organic and chemical fertilizers on photosynthetic physiology, grain yield and quality of maize in northwestern irrigation areas. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2024, 50(4): 1065-1079. (in Chinese)
[18]	PIAO L, QI H, LI C F, ZHAO M. Optimized tillage practices and row spacing to improve grain yield and matter transport efficiency in intensive spring maize. Field Crops Research, 2016, 198: 258-268.
[19]	殷文, 陈桂平, 郭瑶, 樊志龙, 胡发龙, 范虹, 于爱忠, 赵财, 柴强. 春小麦秸秆还田对后茬玉米干物质积累及产量形成的调控效应. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2020, 28(8): 1210-1218.
	YIN W, CHEN G P, GUO Y, FAN Z L, HU F L, FAN H, YU A Z, ZHAO C, CHAI Q. Responses of dry matter accumulation and yield in a following maize crop to spring wheat straw returning. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2020, 28(8): 1210-1218. (in Chinese)
[20]	申时才, 徐高峰, 李天林, 张付斗, 张玉华. 5种入侵植物补偿反应及其形态可塑性比较. 西北植物学报, 2012, 32(1): 173-179.
	SHEN S C, XU G F, LI T L, ZHANG F D, ZHANG Y H. Comparative study of compensatory response and morphological plasticity of five invasive plants. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 2012, 32(1): 173-179. (in Chinese)
[21]	丁永刚, 陈欢, 曹承富, 乔玉强, 赵竹, 李玮, 张向前, 杜世州. 高光效小麦群体提高氮素吸收利用和产量的机理. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2024, 30(1): 27-35.
	DING Y G, CHEN H, CAO C F, QIAO Y Q, ZHAO Z, LI W, ZHANG X Q, DU S Z. Mechanisms of improving nitrogen uptake, utilization and grain yield of wheat population with high radiation use efficiency. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2024, 30(1): 27-35. (in Chinese)
[22]	李盼, 陈桂平, 苟志文, 殷文, 樊志龙, 胡发龙, 范虹, 柴强. 绿洲灌区春小麦光能利用与水分生产效益对秸秆还田方式的响应. 作物学报, 2023, 49(5): 1316-1326. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.21037
	LI P, CHEN G P, GOU Z W, YIN W, FAN Z L, HU F L, FAN H, CHAI Q. Response on light energy utilization and water production benefit of spring wheat to straw retention in an oasis irrigated area. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2023, 49(5): 1316-1326. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.21037
[23]	陈天鑫, 王艳杰, 张燕, 常旭虹, 陶志强, 王德梅, 杨玉双, 朱英杰, 刘阿康, 石书兵, 赵广才. 不同施氮量对冬小麦光合生理指标及产量的影响. 作物杂志, 2020(2): 88-96.
	CHEN T X, WANG Y J, ZHANG Y, CHANG X H, TAO Z Q, WANG D M, YANG Y S, ZHU Y J, LIU A K, SHI S B, ZHAO G C. Effects of different nitrogen rates on photosynthetic and physiological indexes and yield of winter wheat. Crops, 2020(2): 88-96. (in Chinese)
[24]	刘蕊, 常单娜, 高嵩涓, 周国朋, 韩梅, 张久东, 曹卫东, 孙小凤. 西北小麦与豆科绿肥间作体系箭筈豌豆和毛叶苕子生物固氮效率及氮素转移特性. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2020, 26(12): 2184-2194.
	LIU R, CHANG D N, GAO S J, ZHOU G P, HAN M, ZHANG J D, CAO W D, SUN X F. Nitrogen fixation and transfer efficiency of common vetch and hairy vetch in wheat-vetch intercropping system in northwest China. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2020, 26(12): 2184-2194. (in Chinese)
[25]	SU G, ZHAO R, WANG Y Z, YANG Y A, WU X D, WANG J L, GE J Z. Green manure return strategies to improve soil properties and spring maize productivity under nitrogen reduction in the North China plain. Agronomy, 2022, 12(11): 2734.
[26]	王玉珑, 于爱忠, 吕汉强, 吕奕彤, 苏向向, 王鹏飞, 柴健. 绿洲灌区麦后复种绿肥并还田对翌年玉米根系性状及水分利用效率的影响. 作物学报, 2023, 49(5): 1350-1362. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.23036
	WANG Y L, YU A Z, LÜ H Q, LÜ Y T, SU X X, WANG P F, CHAI J. Effects of green manure replanting and returning after wheat on following year’s maize root traits and water use efficiency in oasis irrigation area. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2023, 49(5): 1350-1362. (in Chinese)
[27]	LI Y L, CHEN P, FU Z D, LUO K, LIN P, GAO C, LIU S S, PU T, YONG T W, YANG W Y. Maize-soybean relay cropping increases soybean yield synergistically by extending the post-anthesis leaf stay-green period and accelerating grain filling. The Crop Journal, 2023, 11(6): 1921-1930.
[28]	陈治锋, 邓小华, 周米良, 田峰, 巢进, 蔡云帆, 张明发. 秸秆和绿肥还田对烤烟光合生理指标及经济性状的影响. 核农学报, 2017, 31(2): 410-415. doi: 10.11869/j.issn.100-8551.2017.02.0410
	CHEN Z F, DENG X H, ZHOU M L, TIAN F, CHAO J, CAI Y F, ZHANG M F. Effects of green manures and maize stalks returning back to field on photosynthetic characteristics and economic character of flue-cured tobacco. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 31(2): 410-415. (in Chinese) doi: 10.11869/j.issn.100-8551.2017.02.0410
[29]	刘阿康, 马瑞琦, 王德梅, 王艳杰, 杨玉双, 赵广才, 常旭虹. 覆膜和补施氮肥对晚播冬小麦冬前植株生长及群体质量的影响. 作物学报, 2022, 48(7): 1771-1786. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.11057
	LIU A K, MA R Q, WANG D M, WANG Y J, YANG Y S, ZHAO G C, CHANG X H. Effects of filming and supplemental nitrogen fertilizer application on plant growth and population quality of late sowing winter wheat before winter. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(7): 1771-1786. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.11057
[30]	张宏芝, 王立红, 孔德鹏, 樊哲儒, 张跃强, 李剑峰, 王重, 高新, 时佳, 赵奇, 陈阜. 氮肥对不同遮阴程度下冬小麦群体生长特性和产量的影响. 中国农业大学学报, 2022, 27(8): 1-12.
	ZHANG H Z, WANG L H, KONG D P, FAN Z R, ZHANG Y Q, LI J F, WANG Z, GAO X, SHI J, ZHAO Q, CHEN F. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on the population growth characteristics and yield of wheat under different shading treatment. Journal of China Agricultural University, 2022, 27(8): 1-12. (in Chinese)
[31]	刘亚龙, 王萍, 汪景宽. 土壤团聚体的形成和稳定机制: 研究进展与展望. 土壤学报, 2023, 60(3): 627-643.
	LIU Y L, WANG P, WANG J K. Formation and stability mechanism of soil aggregates: progress and prospect. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2023, 60(3): 627-643. (in Chinese)
[32]	吕汉强, 胡发龙, 于爱忠, 苏向向, 王玉珑, 殷文, 柴强. 荒漠绿洲区不同绿肥还田方式下玉米农田土壤团聚体微结构特征. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2022, 30(6): 952-964.
	LÜ H Q, HU F L, YU A Z, SU X X, WANG Y L, YIN W, CHAI Q. Microstructure characteristics of soil aggregates of maize farmland under different utilization patterns of green manure in a desert oasis area. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2022, 30(6): 952-964. (in Chinese)
[33]	ZHOU G P, FAN K K, GAO S J, CHANG D N, LI G L, LIANG T, LIANG H, LI S, ZHANG J D, CHE Z X, CAO W D. Green manuring relocates microbiomes in driving the soil functionality of nitrogen cycling to obtain preferable grain yields in thirty years. Science China Life Sciences, 2024, 67(3): 596-610.
[34]	龙瑞平, 张朝钟, 戈芹英, 李贵勇, 夏琼梅, 朱海平, 杨从党. 施氮量对高海拔机插粳稻产量及群体生长特性的影响. 中国土壤与肥料, 2018(2): 89-95.
	LONG R P, ZHANG C Z, GE Q Y, LI G Y, XIA Q M, ZHU H P, YANG C D. Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on yield and population growth characteristics of high altitude mechanical transplanting Japonica rice. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China, 2018(2): 89-95. (in Chinese)
[35]	赵财, 柴强, 乔寅英, 王建康. 禾豆间距对间作豌豆“氮阻遏” 减缓效应的影响. 中国生态农业学报, 2016, 24(9): 1169-1176.
	ZHAO C, CHAI Q, QIAO Y Y, WANG J K. Effect of cereal-legume spacing in intercropping system on alleviating “N inhibition” in pea plants. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2016, 24(9): 1169-1176. (in Chinese)
[36]	郭瑶, 柴强, 殷文, 冯福学, 赵财, 于爱忠. 绿洲灌区小麦免耕秸秆还田对后作玉米产量性能指标的影响. 中国生态农业学报, 2017, 25(1): 69-77.
	GUO Y, CHAI Q, YIN W, FENG F X, ZHAO C, YU A Z. Effect of wheat straw return to soil with zero-tillage on maize yield in irrigated oases. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2017, 25(1): 69-77. (in Chinese)
[37]	颜志雷, 方宇, 陈济琛, 王飞, 何春梅, 林新坚. 连年翻压紫云英对稻田土壤养分和微生物学特性的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2014, 20(5): 1151-1160.
	YAN Z L, FANG Y, CHEN J C, WANG F, HE C M, LIN X J. Effect of turning over Chinese milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.) on soil nutrients and microbial properties in paddy fields. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2014, 20(5): 1151-1160. (in Chinese)
[38]	何红霞, 李小涵, 包明, 李超, 马小龙, 何刚, 邱炜红, 王朝辉. 栽培模式对旱地小麦产量和土壤肥力的影响. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(2): 573-582. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201902.019
	HE H X, LI X H, BAO M, LI C, MA X L, HE G, QIU W H, WANG Z H. Effects of cultivation patterns on wheat yield and soil fertility in dryland. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019, 30(2): 573-582. (in Chinese) doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201902.019
[39]	尚永盼, 于爱忠, 王玉珑, 王鹏飞, 李悦, 柴健, 吕汉强, 杨学慧, 王凤. 绿洲灌区绿肥还田利用方式对玉米干物质积累、分配及产量的影响. 作物学报, 2024, 50(3): 686-694. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.33031
	SHANG Y P, YU A Z, WANG Y L, WANG P F, LI Y, CHAI J, LÜ H Q, YANG X H, WANG F. Effects of green manure application methods on dry matter accumulation, distribution, and yield of maize in oasis irrigation area. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2024, 50(3): 686-694. (in Chinese)

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

Comments

Recommended 0

No Suggested Reading articles found!

年份 Year	种植模式 Cropping pattern	施氮水平 N level	回归方程 Regression equation	最大增长速率 Maximum increase rate (kg·hm^-2·d^-1)	最大增长速率出现时间 Days of MIR (d)	平均增长速率 Average increase rate (kg·hm^-2·d^-1)	R²
2021	W-G	N1	y=19923/（1+e^4.883-0.101*^t）	501.6b	48.5c	268.8a	0.999
		N2	y=20928/（1+e^4.840-0.100*^t）	522.8a	48.4c	258.3b	0.999
		N3	y=17292/（1+e^4.949-0.101*^t）	437.7d	48.9b	241.7d	0.999
	W	N1	y=19442/（1+e^4.814-0.099*^t）	483.3c	48.4c	255.4b	0.998
		N2	y=19005/（1+e^4.830-0.099*^t）	471.3c	48.7bc	220.8c	0.998
		N3	y=16279/（1+e^4.863-0.097*^t）	393.3e	50.3a	206.6e	0.999
2022	W-G	N1	y=19223/（1+e^{4.842-0.102*t}）	489.3b	47.6c	254.4a	0.998
		N2	y=19665/（1+e^4.877-0.103*^t）	507.4a	47.2c	248.6ab	0.997
		N3	y=16732/（1+e^4.864-0.100*^t）	419.4d	48.5b	244.2b	0.997
	W	N1	y=19095/（1+e^4.854-0.101*^t）	483.1b	48.0c	248.3ab	0.998
		N2	y=18900/（1+e^4.744-0.097*^t）	459.7c	48.8b	217.1c	0.998
		N3	y=16430/（1+e^4.854-0.096*^t）	395.4e	50.4a	209.4d	0.999
2023	W-G	N1	y=20176/（1+e^4.682-0.097*^t）	486.7b	48.5bc	270.4a	0.999
		N2	y=20840/（1+e^4.776-0.099*^t）	516.0a	48.2c	258.3b	0.999
		N3	y=17257/（1+e^4.597-0.094*^t）	407.6d	48.7b	246.8c	0.999
	W	N1	y=19684/（1+e^4.702-0.097*^t）	479.7b	48.2c	251.7bc	0.998
		N2	y=18834/（1+e^4.561-0.094*^t）	441.6c	48.6b	222.2d	0.999
		N3	y=16164/（1+e^4.546-0.093*^t）	374.2e	49.1a	208.3e	0.999
显著性分析（P值） Significance (P value)
种植模式 Cropping pattern (C)				**	*	**
施氮水平 N application rate (N)				**	NS	**
种植模式 × 施氮水平C × N				**	NS	*

年份 Year	种植模式 Cropping pattern	施氮水平 N level	籽粒产量 Grain yield (kg·hm^-2)		生物产量 Biological yield (kg·hm^-2)	收获指数 Harvest index	产量 Yield
年份 Year	种植模式 Cropping pattern	施氮水平 N level	籽粒产量 Grain yield (kg·hm^-2)		生物产量 Biological yield (kg·hm^-2)	收获指数 Harvest index	穗数 Spike number per area (×10⁴ hm²)	穗粒数 Kernel number per spike	千粒重 Thousand kernel weight (g)
2021	W-G	N1	8199b		19333a	0.424b	796.75b	30.87b	41.87a
		N2	8565a		19340a	0.443a	832.25a	31.60a	42.33a
		N3	6881e		18925b	0.364e	765.33d	28.47c	36.43d
	W	N1	7472c		19331a	0.387c	783.08c	30.67b	39.67b
		N2	7235d		19294ab	0.375 d	781.25 d	28.40 c	38.27 c
		N3	6197f		18045c	0.343f	746.25e	27.47d	35.40e
2022	W-G	N1	8033b		19228ab	0.418b	810.08b	30.73a	41.57b
		N2	8497a		19354a	0.439a	834.42a	31.60a	42.33a
		N3	6825d		18592c	0.367cd	755.33e	27.90b	36.37e
	W	N1	7405c		18851bc	0.393c	784.58c	30.63a	39.97c
		N2	7002d		18479c	0.379de	770.92d	28.13b	38.27d
		N3	6197e		17517d	0.354e	745.58e	27.47c	35.47f
2023	W-G	N1	7799b		18819a	0.414b	799.14b	30.65b	42.30a
		N2	8262a		18987a	0.435a	824.75a	31.23a	42.50a
		N3	6484e		18087bc	0.358e	783.59c	28.32e	34.51d
	W	N1	7199c		18710ab	0.385c	785.43c	29.77c	39.35b
		N2	6965d		18625ab	0.374d	781.00d	29.03d	35.11c
		N3	6173f		17437c	0.354e	729.74e	27.07f	31.42e
显著性分析（P值）Significance (P value)
种植模式 Cropping pattern (C)				**	NS	**	**	**	**
施氮水平 N application rate (N)				**	*	**	*	*	*
种植模式 × 施氮水平C × N				**	NS	*	*	NS	*

Compensatory Effects of Multiple Cropping Green Manure on Growth and Yield Loss of Nitrogen-Reduced Spring Wheat in Oasis Irrigation Areas of Northwest China

RichHTML

PDF

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 11

References 39

Related Articles 15

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 0

[1]	WANG JiaNuo, CHEN GuiPing, LI Pan, WANG LiPing, NAN YunYou, HE Wei, FAN ZhiLong, HU FaLong, CHAI Qiang, YIN Wen, ZHAO LiaoHao. Photo-Physiological Mechanism at Grain Filling Stage of No-Tillage with Plastic Re-Mulching to Increase Maize Yield in Oasis Irrigation Areas [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(6): 1189-1202.
[2]	JIAO WenJuan, HE WanLong, GENG HongWei, BAI Bin, LI JianFeng, CHENG YuKun. Stripe Rust Resistance Evaluation and Molecular Characterization of Yr Genes for 155 Spring Wheat Varieties (Lines) [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(5): 937-950.
[3]	LÜ XuDong, SUN ShiYuan, LI YaNan, LIU YuLong, WANG YanQun, FU Xin, ZHANG JiaYing, NING Peng, PENG ZhengPing. Effects of Intelligent Mechanized Layered Fertilization on Root-Soil Nutrient Distribution and Yield in Wheat Fields [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(1): 129-146.
[4]	PU LiXia, ZHANG JiaRui, YE JianPing, HUANG XiuLan, FAN GaoQiong, YANG HongKun. The Combined Effects of 16, 17-Dihydro Gibberellin A₅ and Straw Mulching on Tillering and Grain Yield of Dryland Wheat [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(9): 1735-1748.
[5]	GUO ChenLi, LIU Yang, CHEN Yan, HU Wei, WANG YouHua, ZHOU ZhiGuo, ZHAO WenQing. Effects of Phosphorus Fertilizer Postpone Under Nitrogen Reduction Condition on Yield, Phosphorus Fertilizer Utilization Efficiency of Drip-Irrigated Cotton [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(9): 1749-1766.
[6]	LIU JinSong, WU LongMei, BAO XiaoZhe, LIU ZhiXia, ZHANG Bin, YANG TaoTao. Effects of a Short-Term Reduction in Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Rates on the Grain Yield and Rice Quality of Early and Late-Season Dual-Use Rice in South China [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(8): 1508-1520.
[7]	YIN Bo, YU AiZhong, WANG PengFei, YANG XueHui, WANG YuLong, SHANG YongPan, ZHANG DongLing, LIU YaLong, LI Yue, WANG Feng. Effects of Green Manure Returning Combined with Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction on Hydrothermal Characteristics of Wheat Field and Grain Yield in Oasis Irrigation Area [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(7): 1366-1380.
[8]	MU ShuJia, DONG LiXia, LI Guang, YAN ZhenGang, LU YuLan. Optimization of N₂O Emission Parameters in Dryland Spring Wheat Farmland Soil Based on Whale Optimization Algorithm [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(3): 537-547.
[9]	ZHANG Feng, XU JunFeng, GAO ZhiYuan, DANG HaiYan, GUO RongBo, SHE WenTing, LI WenHu, LIU JinShan, WANG ZhaoHui. Optimizing Wheat Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates Based on Apparent Nitrogen and Phosphorus Balance in a Long-Term Location Fixed Field Experiment [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(22): 4688-4702.
[10]	QIAN ZhiJin, WANG XiNa, TIAN HaiMei, WANG YueMei, HAO WenYue, ZHOU Hui, TAN JunLi. Effects of Continuous Reduction Fertilization on the Stability of Spring Wheat Grain Quality in the Yellow River Irrigation Area of Ningxia [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(22): 4703-4717.
[11]	ZHANG MingLong, CHAI Qiang, HAN Mei, FAN ZhiLong, YIN Wen, FAN Hong, HE Wei, SUN YaLi, HU FaLong, TAN Yan. Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction and Green Manure Mixed Cropping on Soil Quality and Wheat Yield [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(22): 4718-4731.
[12]	ZHANG MengXuan, CHANG FangDi, WEI HeYa, LI XiaoHong, WU LinMei, ZHANG HongYuan. Synergistic Effects of Post-Wheat Green Manure Rotation and Nitrogen Reduction in Saline-Alkali Soil on Wheat Yield, Environmental Footprint, and Economic Benefit [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(20): 4216-4230.
[13]	ZHANG HuanHuan, ZHANG DiaoLiang, WANG XiaoLi, CHEN Han, SHAO Juan, YIN Wen, HU FaLong, CHAI Qiang, FAN ZhiLong. Effects of Green Manure and Wheat Straw Combined Returning Application on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Spring Wheat Under Reduced Nitrogen Levels [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(17): 3461-3472.
[14]	CAO JingWen, NIE ZhiGang, LI Guang, YANG Jie. Multi-Objective Optimization of Stable Yield and Emission Reduction of Dryland Spring Wheat Based on DNDC and NSGA-Ⅲ. Coupling Model [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(13): 2538-2551.
[15]	LI Rong, LI ZhengPeng, YAN QingBiao, GUO RanRan, HAN Mei, XU Ke. Effects of Multiple Cropping Green Manure Combined with Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels on Yield and Quality of Spring Wheat [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(12): 2333-2345.