玉米南方锈病抗病育种研究进展

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.14.003

Abstract

Abstract:

Maize is the most widely cultivated, used and highest yield crop in the world and China. Southern corn rust (SCR) is an air borne disease caused by Puccinia polysora Underw., which mainly occurs in tropical and subtropical maize growing areas. In recent years, SCR has become one of the major diseases in the Huang-Huai-hai maize production region due to the climate change, which directly leads to compromised grain quality and poor yields in maize and significantly jeopardizes maize production in China. At present, SCR usually spreads in a large area within a short period of time once occurred because most maize varieties promoted in China are susceptible, and conventional chemical measures is usually in vain. Therefore, cultivating resistant cultivars by exploiting resistance genes in maize germplasm resources is the most effective and economical strategy for controlling SCR. The highly resistant germplasm is scarce in maize resources, mainly from tropical and subtropical regions, and barely no temperate germplasm can be directly used in breeding practice. Compared with foreign maize germplasm, the highly resistant maize germplasms of China were much less, mainly from local landraces or P group materials containing tropical origins with relatively limited genetic variation. The identification and cloning of SCR resistance genes in maize is essential for promoting molecular marker-assisted breeding, as well as accelerating the breeding process of new varieties with desired resistance. At present, several SCR resistance genes have been identified and cloned, laying a foundation for molecular marker-assisted selection. Over the years, Chinese breeders have developed a number of elite maize inbred lines resistant to SCR with limited resistance germplasm resources, and successfully created disease-resistant hybrids. Recent studies on the genome of SCR pathogens revealed that pathogens have differentiated into highly toxic lineages in China, thus escaping the recognition of resistance genes. Therefore, the exploration and utilization of extensive genetic resources in resistant germplasm still need to be further strengthened. In this paper, we outlined the biological characteristics and hazards of SCR, systematically summarized the research progresses in the identification and utilization of maize germplasm resources resistant to SCR, the mapping and cloning of SCR resistant genes and the breeding of resistant varieties, and prospect the future research direction of SCR. This review will provide references for the prevention and control of SCR, as well as the breeding of resistant maize varieties.

Key words: maize, southern corn rust, germplasm resources, resistant gene, resistance breeding

WANG Shuai, ZHANG RuYang, WANG RongHuan, SONG Wei, ZHAO JiuRan. Research Progress of Southern Corn Rust and Resistance Breeding[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(14): 2732-2743.

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基因 Gene	玉米自交系 Maize inbred line	位置 Location	参考文献 References
Rpp9	PT186208	与玉米普通锈病抗性基因Rp1d相距1.6 cM It is 1.6 cM away from the maize common rust resistance gene, Rp1d	[32]
RppQ	齐319 Qi319	标记MA7和M-CCG/E-AGA157之间，相距分别为0.46和1.71 cM It is between marker MA7 and M-CCG/E-AGA157, the physical distance is 0.46 cM and 1.71 cM, respectively	[36-37]
RppP25	P25	SSR标记P091和M271之间，物理距离约40 kb The physical distance is about 40 kb between SSR markers P091 and M271	[38]
RppD	W2D	SSR标记umc1291和CAPS858之间，相距分别为2.9和0.8 cM It is between SSR marker umc1291 and CAPS858, the physical distance is 2.9 cM and 0.8 cM, respectively	[39]
RppCML470	CML470	SSR标记umc1380和umc1291之间，相距分别为3.5和8.8 cM It is between SSR marker umc1380 and umc1291, the physical distance is 3.5 cM and 8.8 cM, respectively	[40]
RppS	SCML205	与标记IDP4823相距8.4 cM It is 8.4 cM away from marker IDP4823	[41]
RppK	K22	已克隆Cloned	[42]
Rpp12	冀库12 Jiku12	与标记phi063的遗传距离为4.2 cM It is 4.2 cM away from marker phi063	[43]
RppL2204	辽2204 Liao2204	与标记umc1380相距9.6 cM It is 9.6 cM away from marker umc1380	[44]
RppS313	S313	SNP标记A005915和标记A009920间，物理距离0.47 Mb The physical distance is 0.47 Mb between SNP marker A005915 and A009920	[45]
RppM	京2416K Jing2416K	已克隆Cloned	[47-48]
qSCR10.01	P178	标记UMC1380和C(10)3595071，物理距离1.34 Mb The physical distance is 1.34 Mb between marker UMC1380 and C(10)3595071	[55]
RppC	CML496	已克隆Cloned	[58-59]

Research Progress of Southern Corn Rust and Resistance Breeding

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