14-羟基芸苔素甾醇生长调节剂对油菜生长和产量的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.08.003

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】As a new Plant growth regulator, 14-hydroxylated brassinosteroids（14-HBR） increase biological activity by 50% than the traditional Brassicin sterols, while the relation effect of 14-HBR on rapeseed growth, yield and seed coating pesticide were not clear. 【Method】In this study, 14-HBR regulator and pesticide are used to treat the seeds in mid-duration winter rapeseed variety (Yangguang 2009) and early-duration variety (Yangguang 131), investigated germination, seedling growth, insect resistance, and yield, to reveal the interaction effects of environment, variety genotype and 14-HBR. 【Result】0.0075 and 0.015 mg·L^-1 14-HBR treated seed increased significantly germination potential in medium duration rapeseed, but decreased germination potential and germination rate significantly as mixed with pesticide. 14-HBR treated seed had no significant effect on germination rate and germination potential in short duration rapeseed. The 14-HBR showed better biological activity in seedling growth and yield than that of Brassinolide, 0.0075 and 0.015 mg·L^-1 Brassinolide increased by an average of 5.19% and 8.15%, 0.0075 and 0.015 mg·L^-1 14-HBR increased by an average of 11.98% and 5.50%, respectively. 14-HBR mixed with seed pesticide of Clothianidin and Thiamethoxam, also increased seedlings weight and yield. The yield of Thiamethoxam and Clothianidin seed treatments increased by 4.7% and 4.6% independently. The yield of mixed with 0.0075 and 0.015 mg·L^-1 14-HBR to Clothianidin increased 6.8% and 3.3%, mixed to Thiamethoxam increased by 3.5% and 8.2%, respectively. 14-HBR did not affect insecticidal activity of Thiamethoxam and Clothianidin to peach bud nymphs and phyllotreta striolata fabricius. 【Conclusion】The study revealed seed treatment with 14-HBR regulator has a positive effect on early growth of rapeseed and increased yield of rapeseed significantly, interacted with planting environment, pesticide type and varieties genotype as traditional regulators, it is necessary to optimize seed treatment technology of 14-HBR regulator to obtain higher harvest yield.

Key words: rapeseed, seed treatment, plant growth regulator, 14-hydroxylated brassinosteroids, growth, pesticide, yield

HE YongQiang, ZHANG JinKui, XU JinSong, DING XiaoYu, CHENG Yong, XU BenBo, ZHANG XueKun. Effect of 14-Hydroxylated Brassinosteroids Growth Regulator on Growth and Yield of Rapeseed[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(8): 1444-1454.

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Figures/Tables 10

Table 1

Table 2

Climatic characteristics of the test site"

油菜类型 Rape type	试验地 Test location	油菜生长期间气候特征 Climatic characteristics during rapeseed growth
长江流域三熟制短生育期冬油菜 Short duration winter rapeseed in Yangtze River basin	江西省吉安市吉安县 Ji'an County, Ji'an, Jiangxi	属亚热带季风湿润性气候，冬春阴冷，冷热差异较大，降雨多，但丰而不衡，光照少但光热同季，油菜生育期为10月下旬到次年4月中下旬 Subtropical monsoon humid climate, rape seed growth period is from late October to mid to late April of the following year
云贵高原短生育期冬油菜 Short duration winter rapeseed in Yunnan-Guizhou plateau	云南省曲靖市罗平县 Luoping County, Qujing, Yunnan	属亚热带高原季风气候，冬春光照好，春温不稳，降水不均，油菜生育期为10月下旬到次年4月中旬 Subtropical plateau monsoon climate with strong sunlight and drought. The growth period of rapeseed is from late October to mid-April of the following year
长江流域中熟冬油菜 Medium duration winter rapeseed in Yangtze River basin	湖北省荆州市荆州区 Jingzhou District, Jingzhou, Hubei	属亚热带湿润季风气候，常年降雨充沛，生长季节降雨偏多，光照强度弱，冬季，油菜生育期为10月到次年5月 Subtropical humid monsoon climate with abundant annual rainfall, more rainfall in the growing season and weak sunlight, the growth period of rapeseed is from October to May of the following year
西北春油菜 Northwest spring rapeseed	甘肃省张掖市民乐县 Minle County, Zhangye, Gansu	属温带大陆性干旱气候，日照时间长，光照强度大，光热充足，气候干燥，降雨少而集中，油菜生育期在4月到10月 Temperate continental arid climate, with long and strong sunshine, dry climate, rapeseed growth period from April to October

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调节剂 Regulator	种衣剂Pesticide
调节剂 Regulator	种卫士Pilarguard	苗得意Pilarunico	清水Water
0.0075 mg·L^-114-羟基芸苔素甾醇调节剂 0.0075 mg·L^-1 14-hydroxylated brassinosteroids regulator	Z+14-HBR	M+14-HBR	14-HBR
0.015 mg·L^-114-羟基芸苔素甾醇调节剂 0.015 mg·L^-1 14-hydroxylated brassinosteroids regulator	Z+14-HBR+	M+14-HBR+	14-HBR+
清水Water	Z	M	CK

品种 Breed	处理 Treatment	株高 Plant height (cm)	根长 Root length (cm)	地上部鲜重 Shoot fresh weight (g)	地上部干重 Shoot dry weight (g)	根鲜重 Fresh root weight (g)	根干重 Dry weight of root (g)
阳光131 Yangguang 131	14-HBR	21.87±1.33a	6.53±1.10ab	8.14±0.87b	1.14±0.38ab	2.44±0.12B	0.49±0.01a
	M+14-HBR	20.60±0.92b	7.48±1.05a	9.33±0.90a	1.40±0.14a	2.80±0.23A	0.53±0.02a
	M	15.60±0.40c	7.73±0.23a	6.69±0.81c	1.00±0.27b	1.81±0.20C	0.34±0.03b
	CK	12.40±0.72d	4.80±0.53b	5.07±0.49d	0.81±0.11c	1.27±0.10D	0.28±0.01c
阳光2009 Yangguang 2009	14-HBR	20.04±2.66A	6.12±3.36B	10.62±1.22AB	1.59±0.28ab	3.19±0.11AB	0.64±0.02A
	M+14-HBR	20.33±1.29A	7.76±0.92A	11.40±0.92A	1.71±0.78a	3.42±0.72A	0.65±0.06A
	M	18.40±0.53B	8.50±4.93A	9.93±2.32AB	1.49±0.23ab	2.68±0.23B	0.51±0.01B
	CK	9.81±1.44C	4.34±2.97C	4.87±1.45B	0.78±0.17b	1.22±0.15C	0.27±0.02C

处理 Treatment	油菜存活率 Rapeseed survival rate (%)			黄曲条跳甲存活率 Phyllotreta striolata fabricius survival rate (%)			单位株数孔洞数占比 Number of holes per unit (%)
处理 Treatment	3 (d)	6 (d)	9 (d)	3 (d)	6 (d)	9 (d)	3 days	6 days	9 days
M	92.6±7.4*	68.9±17.4*	68.9±17.4*	54.8±23.7	11.1±11.1**	7.4±7.4**	14.8±9.5**	21.4±10.5**	22.5±12.7**
M+14-HBR	100.0±0.0**	100.0±0.0**	93.3±6.7**	38.5±13.9	34.3±17.8*	9.5±9.5**	12.2±2.8**	17.2±4.6**	19.9±5.6**
清水Water	67.2±4.3	26.9±8.6	0.0±0.0	67.7±16.7	58.9±4.8	35.0±7.6	29.9±1.2	47.8±9.1	100.0±0.0

调节剂Conditioning agent	2021-2022				2022-2023		平均增产 Change (%)
	民乐Minyue		荆州Jingzhou		荆州Jingzhou
	产量 Yield (kg·hm^-2)	增产 Change (%)	产量 Yield (kg·hm^-2)	增产 Change (%)	产量 Yield (kg·hm^-2)	增产 Change (%)
BR	3915.29±96.79a	6.70	2638.40±136.88b	0.90	3049.86±82.52abc	7.97	5.19
BR+	3928.63±81.48a	7.10	2811.57±298.30ab	7.60	3099.88±59.50ab	9.74	8.15
14-HBR	3868.60±85.24a	5.50	3094.55±120.56a	18.40	3164.92±18.57a	12.04	11.98
14-HBR+	3820.24±81.03ab	4.10	2878.94±19.14ab	10.10	2889.78±117.01bc	2.30	5.50
CK	3668.50±81.48b	0.00	2613.97±118.45b	0.00	2824.75±102.53c	0.00	0.00

变异来源 Source of variation	平方和 Sum of squares	自由度 Degree of freedom	均方 Mean square	F	<BOLD>P</BOLD>
种植地区Environment	11792268.77	1	11792268.77	2397.67	0.0001
种衣剂Pesticide	76686.93	2	38343.47	7.80	0.0015
调节剂Plant regulator	32163.43	2	16081.71	3.27	0.0496
种植地区×种衣剂Environment×Pesticidet	349486.89	2	174743.45	35.53	0.0001
种植地区×调节剂Environment×Plant regulator	21277.94	2	10638.97	2.16	0.1297
种衣剂×调节剂Pesticide×Plant regulator	453935.71	4	113483.93	23.07	0.0001
种植地区×种衣剂×调节剂Environment×Pesticidet×Plant regulator	55924.92	4	13981.23	2.84	0.0380
误差Error	177055.84	36	4918.22
总和Sum total	12958800.42	53

Effect of 14-Hydroxylated Brassinosteroids Growth Regulator on Growth and Yield of Rapeseed

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种植地区 Planting area	调节剂 Plant regulator	种衣剂Pesticide
		种卫士Pilarguard（噻虫胺 Clothianidin）				苗得意Pilarunico（噻虫嗪 Thiamethoxam）
		民乐 Minyue	荆州 Jingzhou	平均产量 Average yield	增产 Change (%)	民乐 Minyue	荆州 Jingzhou	平均产量 Average yield	增产 Change (%)
阳光2009 Yangguang 2009	14-HBR	3798.57±40.43a	2962.48±110.75a	3380.53	7.60	3671.84±60.03b	2884.53±29.29b	3278.19	4.40
	14-HBR+	3558.45±28.89b	2844.42±52.94a	3201.44	1.90	3973.65±62.55a	3043.19±70.51a	3508.42	11.70
	清水Water	3728.53±81.33a	2992.91±82.45a	3360.72	7.00	3756.88±67.30b	2798.73±84.80b	3277.81	4.30
阳光131 Yangguang 131		罗平 Luoping	吉安 Ji’an	平均产量 Average yield	增产 Change (%)	罗平 Luoping	吉安 JI’an	平均产量 Average yield	增产 Change (%)
	14-HBR	4114.72±61.3a	2251.13±344.1a	3182.92	1.97	3874.27±33.1b	2291.14±175.3a	3082.71	-1.23
	14-HBR+	3988.99±246.1a	2304.49±51.3a	3146.74	0.81	4142.24±116.8a	2147.74±85.1a	3144.99	0.76
	清水Water	4232.11±43.6a	2054.36±106.9a	3143.24	0.70	4002.50±21.2ab	2374.52±109.8a	3188.51	2.15

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