Abstract: Yellow & Huai River Valley Facultative Wheat Region is a major area of wheat production in China. In the present production condition, improvement of the total production of wheat depends on the increase of yield per unit area. Therefore, the cultivation of high yield varieties is very important for wheat production. In this study, according to the production conditions and ecological characteristics of Yellow & Huai River Valley Facultative Winter Wheat Region, the yield potential under field conditions were analyzed, and pointed out that the two traits, i.e. 1000-grain weight and spike number, will make a greater contribution to wheat production. Furthermore, according to fitting in with the needs of mechanized production in this region, breeding strategies and yield potential of high yield varieties were discussed and pointed out three effective ways to achieve high-yield potential of wheat in future: (1) Making effective utilization of photosynthetic efficiency of spike and cultivating high efficiency varieties. Besides the space superiority, the photosynthetic pathway of spike is C4 or C3 to C4, which can fix CO2 from seed respiration again. So the photosynthetic efficiency of spike plays important roles in grain filing of wheat. Enhancing the photosynthetic efficiency of spike to breed high efficiency varieties is one of the important ways to achieve high-yield potential of wheat. (2) Improving yields of wheat must focus on increasing population biomass. Maintaining the existing harvest index unchanged, improving the spatial structure of populations and breeding new varieties with lobules, strong stalk and large spike can achieve high biomass and improve yields. In addition, high biomass varieties should present different spike layers, which can effectively increase the spike number per unit area. (3) Heterosis is another effective way to realize yield-potential of wheat. However, in the process of utilization of heterosis, both of yield and quality should be considered simultaneously, especially the coordination of different quality traits. Increasing the spike number and improving the proportion of superior florets can realize the coordination of high yield and superior quality. Achieving the yield-potential of wheat is a long-term process and this paper aims to provide ideas and methods for achieving the yield-potential and realizing maximum output in Yellow & Huai River Valley Facultative Wheat Region.

Key words: wheat, yellow &, huai river valley facultative wheat region, high-yield potential, high biological yield, high photosynthetic efficiency