Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2013, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 917-926.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.05.006

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY·AGRICULTURE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Regulation of Whole Field Surface Plastic Mulching and Double Ridge-Furrow Planting on Seasonal Soil Water Loss and Maize Yield in Rain-Fed Area of Northwest Loess Plateau

 WANG  Hong-Li, ZHANG  Xu-Cheng, SONG  Shang-You, MA  Yi-Fan, YU  Xian-Feng   

  1. 1.Dryland Farming Institute of Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070
    2.College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193
  • Received:2012-09-05 Online:2013-03-01 Published:2013-01-15

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Abstract: 【Objective】Revealing the yield increasing mechanism of whole field surface plastic mulching and double ridge-furrow planting in rain-fed area from the perspectives of regulation of seasonal water consumption on maize yield and water use efficiency.【Method】Three treatments, whole field surface plastic mulching and planting in furrows(PMF), whole field surface sand mulching and flat planting (SM), and flat planting without mulching (CK), were designed randomly and replicated three times. Soil temperature, soil water storage, dry mass, yield and yield component factors and soil temperature gradient were determined and analyzed in a long term field experiment. 【Result】PMF and SM had significant regulatory effect on soil water condition during maize growing season. At the max soil temperature point, both PMF and SM only increased soil temperature gradient before heading stage, while increased in whole maize growth stage at the minimum soil temperature as compared with CK. Soil water was regulated by the great significantly and opposite temperature gradient at maximum and minimum temperature points in PMF and SM treatments, so, PMF and SM held more water at early stage to apply to the late stage. The peak of water consumption of maize was closely related to the seasonal distribution of precipitation in all treatments. The soil water loss significantly increased in PMF and SM treatments after jointing stage, especially at filling stage, it increased by 237.7% and 83.1%, and 31.8% and 27.4% at jointing-heading stage, respectively, and the difference was significant as compared with CK. In addition, harvest index of maize in PMF and SM treatments was 132.5% and 116.1% higher than CK, respectively. 【Conclusion】PMF increased soil temperature gradient, inhibited evaporation by plastic mulching, held more water at early stage to apply to the late stage. Additionally, PMF increased rainwater use in raining season (i.e. maize reproductive growth stage), promoted grain filling, caused the grain number per spike, 100-grain weight, maize yield, and WUE increased significantly.

Key words: corn , whole field surface plastic mulching and double ridge-furrow planting , seasonal soil water loss , yield , water use efficiency

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